Utyando lwe-aortic valve-luvulekile

Igazi liphuma entliziyweni yakho liye kwisitya esikhulu segazi esibizwa ngokuba yi-aorta. Ivalve ye-aortic yahlula intliziyo kunye ne-aorta. Ivalvu ye-aortic ivula ukuze igazi liphume. Iyavala ke ukugcina igazi lingabuyeli entliziyweni.

Unokufuna utyando lwevalvu ye-aortic ukuze ubeke endaweni yayo i-aortic valve entliziyweni yakho ukuba:

• Ivalve yakho ye-aortic ayivali yonke indlela, ngenxa yoko igazi liyavuza libuyele entliziyweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuphinda kusebenze kwakhona.
• Ivalvu yakho ye-aortic ayivuli ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni kuyacuthwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aortic stenosis.

Utyando oluvulekileyo lwevalvu ye-aortic ithatha indawo yevalve ngokusika okukhulu esifubeni sakho.

Ivalve ye-aortic inokuphinda ibuyiselwe endaweni yotyando oluncinci lwe-aortic valve. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa ukusika okuncinci okuncinci.

Ngaphambi kotyando lwakho uya kufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi. Uya kuba ulele kwaye akukho zintlungu.

• Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza i-intshi ezingama-intshi ezili-10 ubude (isentimitha ezingama-25) zisike embindini wesifuba sakho.
• Emva koko, ugqirha wakho wotyando uyahlulahlula isifuba sakho ukuze akwazi ukubona intliziyo yakho kunye ne-aorta.
• Kuya kufuneka ukuba uqhagamshelwe kumatshini wokudlula kwentliziyo-umphunga okanye kwimpompo yokudlula. Intliziyo yakho imisiwe ngelixa uqhagamshele kulo matshini. Lo matshini wenza umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho ngelixa intliziyo yakho imisiwe.

Ukuba i-valve yakho ye-aortic yonakele kakhulu, uya kuyidinga ivalve entsha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luqhaqho olwenziwe ngokutsha. Ugqirha wakho uyakususa i-valve yakho ye-aortic kwaye uthunge entsha endaweni yayo. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zezivalo:

• Oomatshini, abenziwe ngezinto ezenziwe ngabantu, njenge titanium okanye ikhabhoni. Ezi zivalo zihlala ixesha elide. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe amayeza okucoca igazi, afana newarfarin (Coumadin) ubomi bakho bonke ukuba unolu hlobo lwevalvu.
• Ibhayoloji, eyenziwe yinyama yabantu okanye yezilwanyana. Ezi zivalo zinokuhlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20, kodwa akunakufuneka uthathe abacoci gazi ubomi bakho bonke.

Nje ukuba ivalve entsha isebenze, ugqirha wakho uya:

• Vala intliziyo yakho ususe kumatshini wentliziyo-wemiphunga.
• Beka iicatheters (iityhubhu) ezijikeleze intliziyo yakho ukukhupha ulwelo olwakhayo.
• Vala ithambo lakho lesifuba ngeengcingo zentsimbi ezingenasici. Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 ukuphola kwethambo. Iingcingo ziya kuhlala ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.

Olu tyando lungathatha iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5.

Ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iinkqubo zenziwa ngexesha lotyando oluvulekileyo lwe-aortic. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukudlula kwiCoronary
• Ukutshintsha kweengcambu zeAortic (inkqubo kaDavid)
• Inkqubo yeRoss (okanye tshintsha)

Unokufuna utyando ukuba ivalve yakho ye-aortic ayisebenzi kakuhle. Unokufuna utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo evulekileyo ngezi zizathu:

• Utshintsho kwivelufa yakho ye-aortic ibangela iimpawu zentliziyo, ezinje ngesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba utshintsho kwivelufa yakho ye-aortic iqala ukonakalisa kakhulu indlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo yakho.
• Ivalve yentliziyo yakho yonakaliswe kukusuleleka kwivelufa yentliziyo (endocarditis).
• Ufumene ivalve yentliziyo entsha kwixa elidlulileyo kwaye ayisebenzi kakuhle.
• Unazo ezinye iingxaki ezinje ngegazi, usulelo, okanye ukopha.

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni anokuhamba aye emiphungeni
• Ukuphulukana negazi
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Usulelo, kubandakanya imiphunga, izintso, isinyi, isifuba, okanye iivevvu zentliziyo
• Impendulo kumayeza

Imingcipheko enokubakho yoqhaqho lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo zezi:

• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha
• Iingxaki zesingqi sentliziyo
• Usulelo lokuqhekeka, olunokwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abatyebe kakhulu, abanesifo seswekile, okanye esele benolu tyando
• Usulelo lwevalve entsha
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunye nokuphulukana nokucaca kwengqondo, okanye "ukucinga okungacacanga"
• Ukuphilisa kakubi ukusikwa
• I-post-pericardiotomy syndrome (inqanaba eliphantsi lomkhuhlane kunye nentlungu esifubeni) enokuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6
• Ukufa

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo, nditsho neziyobisi, izongezo, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo

Unokwazi ukugcina igazi kwibhanki yegazi ukuze utofelwe ngexesha nasemva kotyando. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba wena kunye namalungu osapho lwakho ninokunikela njani ngegazi.

Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke. Cela uncedo kumboneleli wakho.

Kwithuba leveki e-1 ngaphambi kotyando, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha amayeza enza ukuba kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukuba lijiye. Oku kunokubangela ukwanda kwegazi ngexesha lotyando.

• Amanye ala machiza yiasprini, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), kunye ne naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn).
• Ukuba uthatha i-warfarin (Coumadin) okanye i-clopidogrel (Plavix), thetha nogqirha wakho phambi kokuba uyeke okanye utshintshe indlela owathatha ngayo la machiza.

Ngexesha leentsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Buza ukuba ngawaphi amayeza ekufuneka uwathathe ngosuku lotyando lwakho.
• Soloko umboneleli wakho ekwazi ukuba unokubanda, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, okanye nakuphi na ukugula ngexesha elikhokelela kuqhaqho lwakho.

Lungisa indlu yakho xa ufika ekhaya uvela esibhedlele.

Hlamba kwaye uhlambe iinwele zakho kusuku olungaphambi kotyando lwakho. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlambe umzimba wakho wonke ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho ngesepha ekhethekileyo. Khuhla isifuba sakho amaxesha ama-2 okanye ama-3 ngale sepha.

Ngomhla wotyando lwakho:

• Uya kuhlala ucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na emva kobusuku phakathi kobusuku ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa itshungama kunye nemizuzu yokuphefumla. Hlamba umlomo wakho ngamanzi ukuba uziva womile. Lumka ungaginye.
• Thatha amayeza oxelelwe ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Lindela ukuchitha iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 esibhedlele emva kotyando. Uya kuchitha ubusuku bokuqala e-ICU kwaye unokuhlala apho kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Kuya kubakho iityhubhu ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 esifubeni sakho ukukhupha ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo yakho. Ezi zihlala zisuswa emva kweentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kotyando.

Unokuba ne-catheter (ityhubhu eguqukayo) kwisinyi sakho ukucoca umchamo. Unokuba nemigca ye-intravenous (IV) yokuhambisa ulwelo. Abongikazi baya kujonga ngokusondeleyo iimonitha ezibonisa iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo (ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, ubushushu nokuphefumla kwakho).

Uya kusiwa kwigumbi lesibhedlele eliqhelekileyo ukusuka e-ICU. Intliziyo yakho kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo ziya kuqhubeka zibekwe esweni de uye ekhaya. Uya kufumana amayeza entlungu ukulawula iintlungu xa usikiwe.

Umongikazi wakho uya kukunceda ucothe ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi othile. Ungaqala inkqubo yokwenza intliziyo nomzimba wakho womelele.

Unokuba ne-pacemaker efakwe entliziyweni yakho ukuba izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho liyacotha emva kotyando. Inokuba yeyethutyana okanye isigxina.

Iimpawu zeentliziyo zentsimbi azipheli rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, amahlwili egazi anokuvela kuwo. Ukuba iifom yegazi iyenzeka, unokuba noxinzelelo. Ukopha kunokwenzeka, kodwa oku kunqabile.

Izivalovhi zebhayoloji zinomngcipheko osezantsi wamahlwili egazi, kodwa zithande ukusilela ixesha elide. Iziphumo ezilungileyo, khetha ukuba utyando lwevalvu yakho kwiziko elenza uninzi lwezi nkqubo.

Ukutshintshwa kwevalve yeAortic; Ivalvoplasty yeAortic; Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yeAortic; Ukutshintshwa - i-aortic valve; I-AVR

• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuhlinzwa kwentliziyo yabantwana-ukukhutshwa
• Ukuthatha warfarin (Coumadin)

ILindman BR, iBonow RO, i-Otto CM. Isifo sevalve seAortic. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 68.

I-Rosengart TK, i-Anand J. Isifo sentliziyo esifunyenweyo: i-valvular. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 60.