Dialysis - peritoneal

I-Dialysis inyanga ukusilela kwezintso kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Isusa izinto eziyingozi egazini xa izintso zingakwazi.

Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-peritoneal dialysis.

Umsebenzi ophambili wezintso zakho kukususa ityhefu kunye nolwelo olongezelelekileyo egazini lakho. Ukuba inkunkuma iyanda emzimbeni wakho, inokuba yingozi ide ibangele nokufa.

I-dialysis yezintso (i-peritoneal dialysis kunye nezinye iintlobo zedalysis) yenza omnye umsebenzi wezintso xa ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Le nkqubo:

• Isusa ityuwa eyongezelelweyo, amanzi kunye nemveliso yenkunkuma ukuze zingakhi emzimbeni wakho
• Igcina amanqanaba akhuselekileyo ezimbiwa kunye neevithamini emzimbeni wakho
• Inceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Inceda ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi

YINTONI IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA?

I-Peritoneal dialysis (PD) isusa inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olongezelelekileyo ngemithambo yegazi ehambelana neendonga zesisu sakho. Inwebu ebizwa ngokuba yiperitoneum igubungela iindonga zesisu sakho.

I-PD ibandakanya ukubeka ityhubhu ethambileyo, engenanto (i-catheter) kwisisu sakho kwaye uyigcwalise ngesixhobo sokucoca (isisombululo se-dialysis). Isisombululo siqulathe uhlobo lweswekile olutsala inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olongezelelekileyo. Inkunkuma kunye nolwelo ludlula kwimithambo yegazi yakho ngokusebenzisa iperitoneum kunye nesisombululo. Emva kwexesha elimiselweyo, isisombululo kunye nenkunkuma iyakhutshwa kwaye ilahlwe kude.

Inkqubo yokuzalisa nokukhupha isisu sakho kuthiwa kukutshintshiselana. Ubude bexesha ulwelo lokucoca oluhlala emzimbeni wakho lubizwa ngokuba lixesha lokuhlala. Inani lotshintshiselwano kunye nexesha lokuhlala lixhomekeke kwindlela yePD oyisebenzisayo kunye nezinye izinto.

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza utyando ukubeka i-catheter esiswini sakho apho iya kuhlala khona. Ihlala ikufutshane nesisu sakho.

I-PD inokuba yinto elungileyo ukuba ufuna ukuzimela ngakumbi kwaye uyakwazi ukufunda ukuzinyanga. Uya kuba nokuninzi okufundayo kwaye kufuneka ubenoxanduva lokukhathalela. Wena kunye nabakhathaleli kufuneka nifunde:

• Yenza iPD njengoko kumiselwe
• Sebenzisa izixhobo
• Thenga kwaye ugcine umkhondo wezixhobo
• Thintela usulelo

Nge-PD, kubalulekile ukuba ungatsiba ukutshintshiselana. Ukwenza oko kunokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho.

Abanye abantu baziva bekhululeke ngakumbi ukuba nomboneleli wezempilo ophatha unyango lwabo. Wena kunye nomboneleli wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi eyona ilungele wena.

IINTLOBO ZOKUFUNDA NGOKUPHELELEYO

I-PD ikunika ukuguquguquka ngakumbi kuba awunyanzelekanga ukuba uye kwiziko le-dialysis. Unako ukufumana unyango:

• Ekhaya
• Emsebenzini
• Xa useluhambeni

Zimbini iintlobo zePD:

• I-ambulatory peritoneal dialysis eqhubekayo (CAPD). Ngale ndlela, ugcwalisa isisu sakho ngamanzi, emva koko uhambe malunga nendlela yakho yemihla ngemihla de kube lixesha lokuba ukhuphe ulwelo. Awunamathelanga kuyo nantoni na ngexesha lokuhlala, kwaye awudingi matshini. Usebenzisa amandla omxhuzulane ukukhupha ulwelo. Ixesha lokuhlala lihlala malunga neeyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6, kwaye uya kudinga ukutshintshiselana oku-3 ukuya kwezi-4 yonke imihla. Uya kuba nexesha elide lokuhlala ebusuku ngelixa ulele.
• Ukuqhubeka kwebhayisekile nge-peritoneal dialysis (CCPD). NgeCCPD, uqhagamshelwe kumatshini ojikeleza i-3 ukuya kwi-5 yokutshintshana ebusuku ngelixa ulele. Kufuneka uqhotyoshelwe kumatshini iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 ngeli xesha. Ngentsasa, uqala ukutshintshiselana nexesha lokuhlala elihlala imini yonke. Oku kukuvumela ixesha elininzi emini ngaphandle kokwenza ukutshintshiselana.

Indlela oyisebenzisayo ixhomekeke kwi:

• Ukukhetha
• Indlela yokuphila
• Imeko yonyango

Unokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezi ndlela zimbini. Umboneleli wakho uya kukunceda ufumane eyona ndlela isebenzela wena.

Umboneleli wakho uya kukujonga ukuze uqiniseke ukuba utshintshiselwano lususa inkunkuma eyaneleyo. Uya kuvavanywa kwakhona ukubona ukuba ingakanani iswekile emzimbeni wakho oyifunxa kulwelo olucocayo. Kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo, kungafuneka wenze uhlengahlengiso oluthile:

• Ukwenza utshintsho oluninzi ngemini
• Sebenzisa ulwelo lokucoca ngakumbi kutshintshiselwano ngalunye
• Ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhlala ukuze uthathe iswekile encinci

XA UQALISA UKUQALA

Ukusilela kwezintso linyathelo lokugqibela lesifo sezintso sexesha elide (esingapheliyo). Yilapho izintso zakho zingasakwazi ukuxhasa iimfuno zomzimba wakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kuxoxa nge-dialysis nawe ngaphambi kokuba uyidinge. Kwiimeko ezininzi, uya kuhamba nge-dialysis xa une-10% ukuya kwi-15% kuphela yomsebenzi wakho wezintso oseleyo.

Kukho umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-peritoneum (peritonitis) okanye indawo ye-catheter ene-PD. Umboneleli wakho uya kukubonisa indlela yokucoceka nokukhathalela i-catheter yakho kunye nokuthintela usulelo. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Hlamba izandla zakho ngaphambi kokwenza utshintsho okanye ukuphatha i-catheter.
• Nxiba imaski yotyando xa usenza utshintsho.
• Jonga ngokusondeleyo kwingxowa nganye yesisombululo ukujonga iimpawu zongcoliseko.
• Coca indawo yokubopha ithumbu usebenzisa isibulali ntsholongwane yonke imihla.

Jonga indawo yokuphuma yokudumba, ukopha, okanye iimpawu zosulelo. Fowunela umboneleli wakho kwangoko ukuba unefiva okanye ezinye iimpawu zosulelo.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko xa uqaphela:

• Iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngokubomvu, ukudumba, ukukhathazeka, iintlungu, ukufudumala, okanye ubofu ojikeleze i-catheter
• Ifiva
• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Umbala ongaqhelekanga okanye ubumnyama kwisisombululo se-dialysis esisetyenzisiweyo
• Awunakho ukudlulisa irhasi okanye ukuhamba kwamathumbu

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, okanye zihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini:

• Ukurhawuzelela
• Ingxaki yokulala
• Urhudo okanye ukuqhina
• Ukozela, ukudideka, okanye iingxaki zokugxila

Izintso ezingezizo - i-peritoneal dialysis; Unyango lwe-renal - i-peritoneal dialysis; Isiphelo sesifo sezintso - i-peritoneal dialysis; Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso - i-peritoneal dialysis; Ukusilela kwezintso - i-peritoneal dialysis; Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo -i-peritoneal dialysis

UCohen D, uValeri AM. Unyango lokungaphumeleli kwezintso. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 131.

ICorrea-Rotter RC, Mehrota R, Saxena A.Peritoneal dialysis. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, Brenner BM, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 66.

Mitch WE. Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl. 130.