Ukuvavanywa kwezempilo kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64

Kuya kufuneka utyelele umboneleli wakho wezempilo amaxesha ngamaxesha, nokuba usempilweni. Injongo yolu tyelelo kukuba:

• Iscreen semicimbi yezonyango
• Vavanya umngcipheko weengxaki zonyango ezizayo
• Khuthaza indlela yokuphila esempilweni
• Hlaziya ugonyo
• Ndinceda ukuba wazi umboneleli wakho xa unokugula

Nokuba uziva ulungile, kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho ngokujonga rhoqo. Olu tyelelo lunokukunceda uphephe iingxaki kwixa elizayo. Umzekelo, ekuphela kwendlela yokufumanisa ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kukuba uhlolwe rhoqo. Iswekile yegazi ephezulu kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol nayo isenokungabi nazimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala. Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula lunokuzijonga ezi meko.

Kukho amaxesha athile apho kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho. Apha ngezantsi kukho izikhokelo zovavanyo lwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64.

UKUJONGWA KWEGAZI

• Vavanya uxinzelelo lwegazi ubuncinci kube kanye kwiminyaka emibini. Ukuba inani eliphezulu (inani le-systolic) lisuka kwi-120 ukuya kwi-139 mm Hg, okanye inani elisezantsi (inombolo ye-diastolic) lisukela kwi-80 ukuya kwi-89 mm Hg, kuya kufuneka uyitshekishe minyaka le.
• Ukuba inani eliphezulu li-130 okanye ngaphezulu okanye inani elisezantsi liyi-80 okanye ngaphezulu, hlela ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuze ufunde ukuba ungalinciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ezinye iimeko, unokufuna ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlolwe rhoqo, kodwa kube kanye ngonyaka.
• Bukela ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwegazi kwindawo yakho. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba unokuma ngaphakathi ukuze uhlolwe uxinzelelo lwegazi.

UKUHLAWULWA KOMGAQO WAMABELE

• Abasetyhini banokwenza uvavanyo lwenyanga lokuzihlola. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali azivumelani malunga neenzuzo zokuzihlola ngokwakho amabele ekufumaneni umhlaza wamabele okanye ukusindisa ubomi. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga noko kukulungele.
• Umboneleli wakho angenza uvavanyo lwebele lweklinikhi njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwakho lokuthintela.
• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-49 banokuba ne-mammogram yonke iminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwe-2. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iingcali ezivumayo malunga nezibonelelo zokuba ne-mammogram xa abasetyhini bekwi-40s yabo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga noko kukulungele.
• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-50 ukuya kuma-75 kufuneka babe ne-mammogram rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-1 ukuya kwezi-2, kuxhomekeke kubungozi babo, ukujonga umhlaza wamabele.
• Abasetyhini abanomama okanye udade owayenomhlaza wamabele esemncinci kufuneka baqwalasele i-mammograms yonyaka. Kuya kufuneka baqale kwangoko kuneminyaka apho kwafunyanwa elona lungu lincinci losapho.
• Ukuba uneminye imingcipheko yomhlaza webele, umboneleli wakho unokucebisa i-mammogram, i-ultrasound yebele, okanye i-MRI scan.

UKUJONGWA KWOMHLAWULELO WOMGAQO-NKQUBO

Ukuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kufuneka kuqale kwiminyaka engama-21 emva kovavanyo lokuqala:

• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kuma-65 kufuneka bahlolwe kuvavanyo lwePap qho kwiminyaka emithathu okanye uvavanyo lwe-HPV rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5.
• Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho owabelana nalo ngesondo unamanye amaqabane amatsha, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu.
• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-65 ukuya kuma-70 bayayeka kuvavanyo lwePap okoko bebenemvavanyo ezi-3 eziqhelekileyo kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo.
• Abasetyhini abanyangwe i-precancer (i-cervical dysplasia) kufuneka baqhubeke nokufumana iimvavanyo zePap kangangeminyaka engama-20 emva konyango okanye kude kube yiminyaka engama-65, nokuba yeyiphi na ixesha elide.
• Ukuba ukhe wasuswa isibeleko sakho kunye nomlomo wesibeleko (i-hysterectomy iyonke), kwaye awukhange ufunyaniswe unesifo somhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, awudingi ukuba ne-Pap smears.

UKUQHUTYWA KWE-CHOLESTEROL

• Kunconywe ukuqala kweminyaka yokuvavanywa kwe-cholesterol yiminyaka engama-45 kwabasetyhini abangenazo izinto ezinobungozi besifo sentliziyo.
• Nje ukuba ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol kuqalile, i-cholesterol yakho kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5.
• Phinda uvavanyo kwangoko kunokuba kufuneka ukuba utshintsho lwenzeka kwindlela yokuphila (kubandakanya ukuzuza ubunzima kunye nokutya).
• Ukuba unamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ezinye iimeko, unokufuna ukukhangelwa rhoqo.

UKUHLAZIYWA KOMHLAZIYO WOKHOLO

Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50, thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuhlolwa. Kuya kufuneka uhlolwe ukuba unembali yosapho eyomeleleyo yomhlaza wekolon okanye iipolyps. Uvavanyo lunokuqwalaselwa kwakhona ukuba unemingcipheko efana nembali yezifo zesisu ezivuthayo okanye iipolyps.

Ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-75, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe umhlaza ongalunganga. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuvavanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-fecal occult lwegazi (olusekwe estool) olwenziwa minyaka le
• Uvavanyo lwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT) minyaka le
• Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lwelindle rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-3
• I-sigmoidoscopy eguqukayo rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5
• Umahluko phakathi kwe-enema ye-barium rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5
• I-CT colonography (i-colonoscopy ebonakalayo) rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5
• Colonoscopy qho kwiminyaka eli-10

Unokufuna i-colonoscopy rhoqo xa unemingcipheko yomhlaza wesifo somhlaza, njenge:

• Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi
• Imbali yobuqu okanye yosapho yomhlaza ongalunganga
• Imbali yokukhula kwikholoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-adenomatous polyps

Uviwo lwamazinyo

• Yiya kugqirha wamazinyo kube kanye okanye kabini ngonyaka uvavanyo kunye nokucoca. Ugqirha wakho wamazinyo uza kuvavanya ukuba ngaba ufuna utyelelo rhoqo.

UKUHLAZIYWA KWESIKHULA

• Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-44, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe yonke iminyaka emi-3.
• Ukuba ne-BMI ngaphezulu kwama-25 kuthetha ukuba utyebe kakhulu. Ukuba ukhuluphele, buza umboneleli wakho ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlolwe usencinci. Abantu baseAsia baseMelika kufuneka bahlolwe ukuba i-BMI yabo ingaphezulu kwe-23.
• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lungaphezulu kwe-130/80 mm Hg, okanye uneminye imingcipheko yesifo seswekile, umboneleli wakho unokuvavanya inqanaba leswekile yegazi kwisifo seswekile.

UVIWO LWEEMEHLO

• Yenza uvavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-4 ubudala ukuya kuma-40 ukuya kuma-54 kunye nayo yonke iminyaka emi-1 ukuya kwemi-3 ubudala ukuya kuma-55 ukuya kuma-64.
• Yenza uvavanyo lwamehlo ubuncinci minyaka le ukuba unesifo seswekile.

UGONYO

• Kufuneka ufumane umkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka.
• Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba unokufumana iyeza lokuthintela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-pneumococcal (lubangela uhlobo lwenyumoniya).
• Kuya kufuneka ugonyo lwe-tetanus-diphtheria kunye ne-acellular pertussis (Tdap) kube kanye njengenxalenye yezigonyo zakho ze-tetanus-diphtheria ukuba awuzange uyifumane ngaphambili njengomntu ofikisayo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube ne-tetanus-diphtheria booster rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10.
• Unokufumana i-shingles okanye i-herpes zoster vaccine emva okanye emva kweminyaka engama-50.
• Umboneleli wakho unokuncoma olunye ugonyo ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu weemeko ezithile.

UKUHLAWULWA KWEZIFO EZIYINGCACISO

• I-US Preventive Services Task Force icebisa ukuba kuhlolwe i-hepatitis C. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela ophila ngayo nakwimbali yakho yezonyango, kusenokufuneka uhlolwe usulelo olufana negcushuwa, i-chlamydia, ne-HIV kunye nezinye izifo.

UKUHLAZIYWA KOMHLAZA WEMLUNGE

Kuya kufuneka ube novavanyo lonyaka lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nedosi esezantsi yecomputer tomography (LDCT) ukuba zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo zikhona:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-55 ubudala
• Unembali yokutshaya yeminyaka engama-30 KANYE
• Ngoku uyatshaya okanye uyekile kwiminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo

UKUHLAWULWA KWE-OSTEOPOROSIS

• Bonke abantu basetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 enamaqhekeza kufuneka babe novavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo (i-DEXA scan).
• Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 kwaye unemingcipheko ye-osteoporosis, kufuneka uhlolwe.

UVIWO LWEMPILO

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka luhlolwe rhoqo ngonyaka.
• Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ukuba ujonge i-cholesterol yakho yonke iminyaka emi-5 ukuba unemingcipheko yesifo sentliziyo.
• Ukuphakama kwakho, ubunzima, kunye nesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) kufuneka bujongwe kuvavanyo ngalunye.

Ngexesha loviwo lwakho, umboneleli wakho unokukubuza malunga:

• Uxinzelelo
• Ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga
• Utywala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecuba
• Imiba yezokhuseleko, njengokusebenzisa iibhanti zokuhlala kunye nezinto zokujonga umsi

UVIWO LOLusu

• Umboneleli wakho unokujonga ulusu lwakho iimpawu zomhlaza wolusu, ngakumbi ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu. Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu babandakanya abo babekhe banomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili, banezihlobo ezisondeleyo ezinomhlaza wolusu, okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Ukutyelelwa kwezempilo- abasetyhini- baneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64; Uvavanyo lomzimba- abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-64; Uvavanyo lonyaka-abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-64; Ukuvavanywa - abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64; Impilo yabasetyhini - iminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64; Unonophelo lothintelo- abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-64

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lokungcola kwegazi
• Iziphumo zobudala kuxinzelelo lwegazi
• Unyango

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