Umhlaza webele emadodeni

Umhlaza wamabele ngumhlaza oqala kwizicubu zamabele. Amadoda nabafazi banezicubu zamabele. Oku kuthetha ukuba nabani na, kubandakanya amadoda namakhwenkwe, angahlaselwa ngumhlaza wamabele.

Umhlaza webele emadodeni unqabile. Umhlaza webele wesilisa ubala ngaphantsi kwe-1% yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele.

Unobangela womhlaza wamabele emadodeni awucaci. Kodwa kukho umngcipheko owenza ukuba umhlaza webele ubonakale kumadoda:

• Ukubonakaliswa kwimitha
• Amanqanaba aphezulu e-estrogen ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokusela kakhulu, ukuqina kwesibindi, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye namanye amayeza ukunyanga umhlaza wedlala lobudoda.
• Ufuzo, njengembali yosapho yomhlaza wamabele, uguquko lwe-BRCA1 okanye i-BRCA2 yemfuza, kunye nokuphazamiseka okuthile kofuzo, njenge-Klinefelter's syndrome
• Izicubu zamabele ezingaphezulu (gynecomastia)
• Ukwaluphala-amadoda ahlala efunyaniswa enomhlaza wamabele phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 ukuya kuma-70

Iimpawu zomhlaza wamabele emadodeni zibandakanya:

• Isigaxa okanye ukudumba kwithishu yamabele. Elinye ibele linokuba likhulu kunelinye.
• Isigaqa esincinci phantsi kwengono.
• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwingono okanye ulusu olujikeleze ingono njengobomvu, ukukala, okanye ukukhukhumeza.
• Ukukhutshwa kwengono.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango kunye nembali yonyango yosapho. Uya kuba novavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwebele.

Umboneleli wakho unoku-odola ezinye iimvavanyo, kubandakanya:

• Imammogram.
• I-ultrasound yamabele.
• I-MRI yebele.
• Ukuba naluphi na uvavanyo lubonisa umhlaza, umboneleli wakho uya kwenza i-biopsy ukujonga umhlaza.

Ukuba umhlaza ufumanekile, umboneleli wakho uya kuyala ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze afumanise:

• Ungakhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani umhlaza
• Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunwenwe njani
• Loluphi unyango olunokuba lolona lulungileyo
• Ngawaphi amathuba okuba umhlaza ubuye

Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Ukuskena amathambo
• Ukuskena i-CT
• Ukuskena iPET
• I-Sentinel lymph node biopsy ukujonga ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kwii-lymph node

I-biopsy kunye nolunye uvavanyo luya kusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa kunye nokulinganisa ithumba. Iziphumo zolo vavanyo ziya kunceda ukumisela unyango lwakho.

Unyango ukhetho kumhlaza wamabele emadodeni zibandakanya:

• Utyando lokususa ibele, ii-lymph node phantsi kwengalo, ulwelo ngaphezulu kwezihlunu zesifuba, kunye nezihlunu zesifuba, ukuba ziyafuneka
• Unyango ngemitha emva kotyando ukubulala nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza eseleyo kunye nokujolisa kwizidumbu ezithile
• I-Chemotherapy ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba
• Unyango lwehormone ukuvimba iihormoni ezinokunceda iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wamabele zikhule

Ngexesha nasemva konyango, umboneleli wakho unokucela ukuba ube neemvavanyo ezingaphezulu. Oku kunokubandakanya iimvavanyo onazo ngexesha lokuchongwa. Uvavanyo olulandelayo luya kubonisa ukuba unyango lusebenza njani. Baza kubonisa ukuba umhlaza ubuya kwakhona.

Umhlaza uchaphazela indlela oziva ngayo ngawe kunye nobomi bakho. Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda uzive ulilolo. Iqela linokukukhomba nakwizibonelelo eziluncedo ekulawuleni imeko yakho.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba akuncede ufumane iqela lenkxaso lamadoda afunyaniswe ukuba unesifo somhlaza wamabele.

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yamadoda anomhlaza womhlaza ibaluleke kakhulu xa umhlaza ufunyanwa kwaye uphathwa kwangoko.

• Phantse i-91% yamadoda anyangwe ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba awunamhlaza emva kweminyaka emi-5.
• Phantse ama-3 kwamadoda amane anyangwa umhlaza osasazeke kwii-lymph node kodwa hayi kwezinye iindawo zomzimba awunamhlaza kwiminyaka emi-5.
• Amadoda anomhlaza onwenwele kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba anethuba elincinci lokusinda ixesha elide.

Iingxaki zibandakanya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kuqhaqho, kwimitha nakwichemotherapy.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho kwangoko ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga malunga nebele lakho, kubandakanya naziphi na izigaqa, utshintsho lolusu, okanye ukukhutshwa.

Akukho ndlela icacileyo yokuthintela umhlaza wamabele emadodeni. Eyona ndlela yokuzikhusela yile:

• Yazi ukuba amadoda anokukhulisa umhlaza webele
• Yazi umngcipheko wakho kwaye uthethe nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuvavanywa kunye nokufunyanwa kwangoko ngeemvavanyo ukuba ziyafuneka
• Yazi imiqondiso yomhlaza wamabele
• Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ebeleni lakho

Ukungena kwi-ductal carcinoma-eyindoda; I-Ductal carcinoma in situ-eyindoda; I-Intraductal carcinoma - eyindoda; Isifo somhlaza webele sokudumba - eyindoda; Paget isifo ingono - eyindoda; Umhlaza webele-oyindoda

Hunt KK, Mittendorf EA. Izifo zesifuba. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 34.

UJain S, uGradishar WJ. Umhlaza webele wesilisa. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ii-eds. Isifuba: Ulawulo oluBanzi lwezifo ezinobungozi kunye nezifo ezinobungozi. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 76.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza wamabele wamadoda (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/madoda-streat-treatment-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Agasti 28, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 19, 2020.