I-Varicella (Chickenpox) Ugonyo

Umxholo

• Abantwana iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwiminyaka eli-12 ubudala kufuneka bafumane iidosi ezimbini zokugonya irhashalala, ngesiqhelo:
• Xelela umboneleli wakho wokugonya ukuba ngaba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugonya:
• Ukuba ezi ziganeko zenzeka, zihlala ziqala kwiveki ezi-2 emva kokudutyulwa. Zenzeka ngokufuthi emva kwethamo lesibini.
• ukulandela ugonyo lwerhashalala kunqabile. Banokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

Varicella (ekwabizwa ngokuba yirhashalala) sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-varicella zoster. I-chickenpox ihlala ilula, kodwa inokuba nzulu kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala, ulutsha, abantu abadala, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Iqhwiqhwi Kubangela irhashalala erhawuzelayo edla ngokuhlala malunga neveki. Inokubangela:

• ifiva
• ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• intloko ebuhlungu

Iingxaki ezinzima zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• usulelo lolusu
• usulelo lwemiphunga (inyumoniya)
• ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi
• ukuvuvukala kwengqondo kunye / okanye ukugubungela intambo yomqolo (encephalitis okanye meningitis)
• ukuhamba kwegazi, ithambo, okanye usulelo ngokudibeneyo

Abanye abantu bayagula kangangokuba kufuneka balaliswe esibhedlele. Ayenzeki rhoqo, kodwa abantu banokufa ngenxa yenkukhu. Ngaphambi kokugonya i-varicella, phantse wonke umntu e-United States wafumana irhashalala, umndilili wabantu abazizigidi ezine ngonyaka.

Abantwana abafumana irhashalala badla ngokungabikho iintsuku ezintlanu okanye ezi-6 zesikolo okanye zokhathalelo lwabantwana.

Abanye abantu abafumana inkukhu yenkukhu bafumana ukugqithisa okubuhlungu okubizwa ngokuba yi-shingles (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-herpes zoster) kwiminyaka kamva.

I-Chickenpox inokusasazeka ngokulula kumntu osulelekileyo kuye nakubani na ongakhange afumane irhashalala kwaye akafumananga iyeza lokuthintela inkukhu.

Abantwana iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwiminyaka eli-12 ubudala kufuneka bafumane iidosi ezimbini zokugonya irhashalala, ngesiqhelo:

• Idosi yokuqala: i-12 ukuya kwi-15 yeenyanga ubudala
• Idosi yesibini: 4 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-6 ubudala

Abantu abaneminyaka eli-13 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu abangakhange bafumane iyeza lokugonya xa babesebancinci, kwaye abangazange babe nenkuku, kufuneka bafumane iidosi ezi-2 ubuncinci iintsuku ezingama-28 ngaphandle.

Umntu owakhe wafumana idosi enye yokugonya inkukhu yokuphapha kufuneka afumane idosi yesibini yokugqibezela uthotho. Idosi yesibini kufuneka inikwe ubuncinci iinyanga ezintathu emva kwethamo lokuqala labo baneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-13, kwaye ubuncinci iintsuku ezingama-28 emva kwethamo lokuqala kule minyaka ili-13 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu.

Akukho bungozi baziwayo bokufumana isitofu sokuthintela irhashalala ngexesha elinye nezinye izitofu zokugonya.

Xelela umboneleli wakho wokugonya ukuba ngaba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugonya:

• Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi ezisongela ubomi. Umntu owakha wanesifo esisongela ubomi emva kwethamo lesitofu sokuthintela inkukhu, okanye une-aleji enzima kuyo nayiphi na inxenye yeli chiza, unokucetyiswa ukuba angagonywa. Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ufuna ulwazi malunga nezinto zokugonya.
• Ukhulelwe, okanye ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe. Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka balinde ukufumana isitofu sokuthintela inkukhu de kube emva kokuba bengasakhulelwe. Abasetyhini kufuneka bakuphephe ukukhulelwa ubuncinci kwinyanga enye emva kokufumana isitofu sokuthintela inkukhu.
• Unamajoni omzimba athathaka ngenxa yesifo (njengomhlaza okanye i-HIV / AIDS) okanye unyango lwezamayeza (njenge-radiation, i-immunotherapy, i-steroids, okanye i-chemotherapy).
• Ngaba unomzali, umntakwabo, okanye udade onembali yeengxaki zomzimba.
• Uthatha ii-salicylates (ezinjenge-aspirin). Abantu kufuneka bakuphephe ukusebenzisa ii-salicylates kwiiveki ezi-6 emva kokufumana isitofu sokugonya i-varicella.
• Kutshanje uye watofelwa igazi okanye wafumana ezinye iimveliso zegazi. Unokucetyiswa ukuba uhlehlise ukugonywa kwenkukhu kwinyanga ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu.
• Unesifo sephepha.
• Ufumene naluphi na ugonyo kwiiveki ezi-4 ezidlulileyo. Amayeza okugonya aphilayo anikwe ngokusondelelene kakhulu anokungasebenzi kakuhle.
• Andiziva mnandi. Isifo esibuhlungu, esifana nengqele, asihlali sisizathu sokuhlehlisa ugonyo. Umntu ogula ngokumodareyitha okanye ogula kakhulu kufuneka alinde. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa.

Ngalo naliphi na iyeza, kubandakanya isitofu sokugonya, kukho ithuba lokuphendula. Oku kuhlala kubumnene kwaye kuyahamba ngokwakho, kodwa iimpendulo ezinzulu zinokwenzeka.

Ukufumana isitofu sokuthintela irhashalala kukhuseleke ngakumbi kunokufumana isifo seentsholongwane. Uninzi lwabantu abafumana isitofu sokugonya se-chickenpox abanangxaki ngaso.

Emva kokugonywa kwenkukhu, umntu unokufumana:

Ukuba ezi ziganeko zenzeka, zihlala ziqala kwiveki ezi-2 emva kokudutyulwa. Zenzeka ngokufuthi emva kwethamo lesibini.

• Ingalo ebuhlungu evela kwinaliti
• Ifiva
• Ubomvu okanye ukukhawuleza kwindawo yokujova

ukulandela ugonyo lwerhashalala kunqabile. Banokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuhlutha (ukuxubha okanye ukujonga) kuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nomkhuhlane
• Usulelo lwemiphunga (i-pneumonia) okanye ubuchopho kunye nokugubungela intambo yomqolo (meningitis)
• Irash emzimbeni wonke

Umntu ovelisa ukukhawuleza emva kokugonywa kwe-chickenpox unokukwazi ukusasaza i-varicella vaccine virus kumntu ongakhuselekanga. Nangona oku kusenzeka kunqabile, nabani na ofumana irhashalala kufuneka ahlale kude nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kunye neentsana ezingagonywanga kude kufike irhashalala. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufunde okungakumbi.

• Abantu ngamanye amaxesha bayaphela emva kweenkqubo zonyango, kubandakanya nokugonya. Ukuhlala okanye ukungqengqa malunga nemizuzu eli-15 kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamandla nokwenzakala okubangelwa kukuwa. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba uziva unesiyezi okanye unemibono yokutshintsha okanye ukukhala ezindlebeni.
• Abanye abantu bafumana iintlungu zamagxa ezinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kunokubandezeleka kwesiqhelo kunokulandela inaliti. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile.
• Nawaphi na amayeza anokubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Oko kusabela kwisitofu sokugonya kuqikelelwa kwi-1 kwisigidi seedosi, kwaye kuya kwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.

Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, kukho amathuba okuba isitofu esibangela ukwenzakala okanye ukufa.

Ukhuseleko lwamachiza luhlala lubekwe esweni. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, ndwendwela: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/

• Khangela nantoni na ekuxhalabisayo, njengeempawu zokungabikho komzimba, umkhuhlane ophezulu, okanye ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga.
• Iimpawu zokungaziphathi kakuhle zingabandakanya imihlathi, ukudumba kobuso kunye nomqala, ukuphefumla nzima, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, isiyezi kunye nobuthathaka. Ezi zihlala ziqala imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba sisenzo esibi kakhulu okanye enye imeko engxamisekileyo engakwazi ukulinda, tsalela umnxeba u-9-1-1 kwaye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane. Ngaphandle koko, tsalela umnikezeli wakho wezempilo.
• Emva koko, impendulo kufuneka ixelwe kwiNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko yokuGonya (VAERS). Ugqirha wakho kufuneka afake le ngxelo, okanye ungayenza ngokwakho kwiwebhusayithi ye-VAERS http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, okanye ngokufowuna 1-800-822-7967.IVAERS ayiniki ngcebiso ngonyango.

INkqubo kaZwelonke yokuXhasa uNyango yokuThintela ukuVavanya (i-VICP) yinkqubo yomdibaniso eyenzelwe ukuhlawulela abantu abanokwenzakala zizitofu ezithile.

Abantu abakholelwa ukuba banokwenzakaliswa ligonyo bangafunda ngale nkqubo kunye nokugcwalisa ibango ngokubiza 1-800-338-2382 okanye undwendwele iwebhusayithi yeVICP apha http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Kukho umda wexesha lokufaka ibango kwimbuyekezo.

• Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo. Unokukunika into yokufaka isitofu okanye ucebise ngeminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Tsalela umnxeba isebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente.
• Qhagamshelana namaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noKhuseleko (CDC):
• Tsalela umnxeba 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) okanye
• Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yeCDC kwi http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines

Ingxelo yeNgcaciso yeVaricella Vaccine. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zaBantu / amaZiko oLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweNkqubo yokuGonya kaZwelonke. 2/12/2018.

• Varivax^®

• IproQuad^® (iqulethe i-Measles Vaccine, i-Mumps Vaccine, i-Rubella Vaccine, i-Varicella Vaccine)