I-Metabolic Acidosis: Into eyiyo, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• 1. Imetabolic acidosis
• Zintoni izizathu
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango njani
• 2. Isifo sokuphefumla
• Zintoni izizathu
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango njani

I-acidosis yegazi ibonakaliswa yi-acidity egqithisileyo, ebangela i-pH engaphantsi kwe-7.35, edla ngokubangelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• I-metosis acidosisUkuphulukana ne-bicarbonate okanye ukuqokelelwa kwe-asidi egazini;
• I-acidosis yokuphefumlaUkuqokelelwa kwecarbon dioxide (CO2) kwizifo ezichaphazela ukuphefumla, urhudo, isifo sezintso, usulelo ngokubanzi, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukunxila ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinomhlwa.

I-pH eqhelekileyo yegazi kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-7.35 ukuya kwi-7.45, njengoko olu luhlu luvumela imetabolism yomzimba ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. I-pH ene-asidi ibangela iimpawu ezinjengokuphefumla kancinci, ukubetha, ukugabha, ukozela, ukudideka kwaye kungakhokelela nasekufeni ukuba ayinyangwa kwangoko.

Ukongeza kwi-acidosis, i-pH inokuba yi-alkaline engaphezulu, ngaphezulu kwe-7.45, enokuthi yenzeke zombini kwi-alkalosis ye-metabolic nakwi-alkalosis yokuphefumla.

1. Imetabolic acidosis

I-Metabolic acidosis ibangelwa kukuqokelelwa kweasidi egazini, nokuba kukuphulukana ne-bicarbonate okanye kukuqokelelwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeasidi.

Zintoni izizathu

Unobangela weasidi egazini kukuphulukana nezinto zealkaline, ezinjengebicarbonate, okanye ukuqokelelwa kweeasidi kwigazi, njengeleactic acid okanye iacetoacetic acid, umzekelo. Ezinye zeemeko ezikhokelela koku zezi;

• Urhudo olukhulu;
• Izifo zezintso;
• Usulelo ngokubanzi;
• Ukopha;
• Ukungoneli kwentliziyo;
• I-ketoacidosis yeswekile;
• Ukunxila, kunye ne-AAS, utywala, imethanol okanye i-ethylene glycol, umzekelo;
• Ukwenzakala kwimisipha emininzi emzimbeni, eyenzeka kwimeko yokuzilolonga okanye kwizifo ezinje ngeleptospirosis, umzekelo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba esinye isizathu seasidi yegazi sisifo sokuphefumla, esibangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwe-CO2 egazini ngenxa yeengxaki zemiphunga, ezinje ngesifuba esibi okanye i-emphysema, isifo se-neurological esithintela ukuphefumla, njenge-ALS okanye i-muscular dystrophy okanye nayiphi na into ezinye izifo ezenza ukuphefumla kube nzima.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I-Metabolic acidosis inokubangela uthotho lwempendulo emzimbeni ophembelela ukuphefumla, ukuphendula kwengqondo, ukusebenza kwentliziyo kunye nokucola komzimba. Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu zibandakanya:

• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• Ukwanda kwenqanaba lokuphefumla;
• Ubambo:
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukozela okanye ukudideka;
• Uxinzelelo oluphantsi;
• Ukunyamezelana kweswekile.

Ngamanye amaxesha, izigulana ezinesifo se-metabolic acidosis zinokungena kwi-coma kwaye zibe semngciphekweni wokufa xa unyango lungaqalwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-acidosis ye-metabolic kwenziwa luvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba luhlalutyo lwegesi yegazi, olunakho ukufumana amaxabiso e-pH kunye nolunye ulwazi malunga negazi lokuthintela. Fumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga noku kuvavanya ukuba zisetyenziselwa ntoni iigesi zegazi. Ukongeza, ezinye iimvavanyo, ezinje ngokuvavanywa komchamo okanye ukuvavanyelwa i-toxics egazini, zinokunceda ukumisela unobangela we-ketoacidosis.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-metabolic acidosis kufuneka lwenziwe esibhedlele kwaye, ngokubanzi, ukulungiswa kwesifo esibangela i-acidosis kwanele ekuphuculeni imeko, njengokulawulwa kwe-insulin kwimeko yesifo seswekile, ukucinywa kwetyhefu zizinto ezinetyhefu Umzekelo, ukongeza kwi-hydration ene-serum emthanjeni.

Kwiimeko apho kukho ilahleko yesodium bicarbonate, enjengorhudo okanye ukugabha, ukutshintshwa kwale nto ngendlela yomlomo kungabonakaliswa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ze-acidity e-metabolic, ukulawulwa kwe-bicarbonate emthanjeni kunokuba yimfuneko ukunciphisa i-asidi ngokukhawuleza.

2. Isifo sokuphefumla

I-acidosis yokuphefumla kukugqitha kobumuncu egazini obenzeka ngenxa yokwehla komoya kwimiphunga ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla, okukhokelela ekwandeni koxinaniso lwekhabhon diokside (CO2) egazini.

Zintoni izizathu

Ngokubanzi, i-acidosis yokuphefumla ibangelwa zizifo zemiphunga ezinje nge-asthma ebukhali okanye i-emphysema, kunye nezinye izifo ezinokuthintela ukuphefumla, njenge-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, i-myasthenia gravis, i-muscular dystrophy, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye xa kukho ukubanjwa komzimba, umzekelo .

Iimpawu eziphambili

Nangona ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu, ukuphefumla i-acidosis kunokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane, ukubila, isiyezi, ukuqaqamba, ukukhohlela, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukubetha, ukungcangcazela okanye ukuxhuzula, umzekelo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegesi yegazi, oluchonga ixabiso le-pH yegazi kunye nomthamo wezinto ezinje nge-CO2 kunye ne-bicarbonate, kwaye ukongeza ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lweklinikhi ukuchonga unobangela.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-acidosis yokuphefumla lwenziwa ngenzame yokuphucula ukuphefumla kwesigulana, nokuba ngaba sinyangwa ngemiphunga, ukusebenzisa ioksijini okanye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokungenisa umoya kwimeko enzima kakhulu.