Yintoni i-alkalosis yokuphefumla kwaye ibangelwa yintoni

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka
• Ungayinyanga njani i-alkalosis yokuphefumla

I-alkalosis yokuphefumla ibonakaliswa kukunqongophala kwe-carbon dioxide egazini, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-CO2, ebangela ukuba ibe neasidi encinci kunesiqhelo, ene-pH engaphezulu kwe-7.45.

Oku kunqongophala kwekhabhoni dayoksayidi kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, ezinje ngokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu kunesiqhelo, ezinokuvela ngamaxesha oxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, utshintsho lwengqondo, okanye nangenxa yesifo esibangela ukukhawulezisa ukuphefumla, njengosulelo, imithambo-luvo ukuphazamiseka, isifo semiphunga okanye sentliziyo, umzekelo.

Unyango lwayo lwenziwa, ikakhulu, ngokubekwa kwimeko yesiqhelo yokuphefumla kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha enze okuthile ukusombulula unobangela obangele utshintsho lotyando.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-alkalosis yokuphefumla ihlala ibangelwa xa kukho ukuphefumla okunzulu nokukhawulezayo kunesiqhelo, kwaye oku kunokwenzeka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Hyperventilation, apho ukuphefumla kukhawuleza kwaye kunzulu, kwaye kuhlala kwenzeka kwiimeko zoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Izifo zemithambo-luvo ezibangela ukudumba kweziko lokuphefumla;
• Ukuphakama okuphezulu, ngenxa yokwehla koxinzelelo lomoya, kubangela ukuba umoya ophefumlelweyo ube neoksijini encinci kunelwandle;
• Ityhefu ye salicylate;
• Ezinye izifo zentliziyo, isibindi okanye imiphunga;
• Ukuphefumla ngezixhobo ezingalunganga, ezihlala zikhona kwimeko ye-ICU.

Zonke ezi zinto zibangela, phakathi kwezinye, kunokukhokelela ekwehleni kwekharbon diokside egazini, iyenze ibe yi-alkaline ngakumbi.

Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ezikhoyo kwi-alkalosis yokuphefumla zibangelwa sisifo esibangela olu tshintsho kunye nefuthe kwingqondo ye-hyperventilation, enokubonakala kwimilebe nasebusweni, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha, isicaphucaphu, ukungcangcazela ezandleni kwaye uphume yinyani okwexeshana. Kwiimeko eziqatha kakhulu isiyezi, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudideka kunye ne-coma.

Eyona ndlela iphambili yokuqinisekisa ukuphefumla kwe-alkalosis kukuvavanywa kwegazi ekuthiwa kukuhlalutya kwerhasi yegazi, apho kunokwenzeka khona ukujonga amaxabiso eoksijini kunye nekhabhon diokside egazini, kunye ne-pH. Ngokubanzi, olu vavanyo luza kujonga i-pH engaphezulu kwe-7.45 kunye ne-CO2 yamaxabiso angaphantsi kwe-35 mmHg kwigazi le-arterial. Funda nzulu ngalo olu vavanyo.

Ungayinyanga njani i-alkalosis yokuphefumla

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu se-alkalosis yokuphefumula. Ukuba umntu unomphefumlo okhawulezayo obangelwa luxinzelelo, unyango lusekwe ekunciphiseni izinga lokuphefumla, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwabo kunye nokunyusa inani lekhabhon diokside. Kwimeko yomkhuhlane, kufuneka ulawulwe ngamachiza antipyretic kwaye kwimeko yetyhefu, kufuneka kwenziwe i-detoxification.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko enzima kwaye kunzima ukuyilawula, enjengezifo zemithambo-luvo, ukuthomalalisa kunokuba yimfuneko ukulawula amaziko okuphefumla kwesigulana. Ukongeza, kunokuba nokuhlengahlengisa iiparameter zesixhobo sokuphefumla okungekuko xa umntu ekule meko.

Ukuba i-alkalosis yokuphefumla ibangelwa ngenxa yokuphakama okuphezulu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umzimba ubuyekeze oku kungabikho kweoksijini ngokwandisa izinga lentliziyo kunye nemveliso, kunye nenqanaba lokuphefumla.