Buza iNgcali: Imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga noTywala kunye neGazi

Umxholo

• 1. Kuyingozi kangakanani ukusela utywala ukuba ndisegazini?
• 2. Yeyiphi imingcipheko yokusela utywala xa usebenzisa amayeza am?
• 3. Zeziphi ezinye zeempawu ekufuneka ndibize ngazo kugqirha?
• 4. Ukusela utywala kuyichaphazela njani i-cholesterol yam ephezulu okanye umngcipheko weminye imiba yentliziyo?
• 5. Ngaba abanye abacoci gazi bahlukile kunabanye kule meko, okanye ngaba ikwangumngcipheko ofanayo?
• 6. Ngaba zikhona izixhobo okanye izixhobo ezikhoyo zokundinceda ndinciphise ukusela kwam utywala?

1. Kuyingozi kangakanani ukusela utywala ukuba ndisegazini?

Ngokuka, ukusela okulinganiselweyo sisiselo esinye ngemini kubafazi kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwiziselo ezibini ngosuku ngamadoda.

Zininzi izinto ezibonisa ukuba buyingozi kangakanani utywala xa uthatha igazi. Ngelishwa, ezi zinto zahlukile kuye wonke umntu.

Okona kuninzi, ukusela utywala ngokulingeneyo kukhuselekile ebantwini ngelixa uthatha abacoci gazi okoko nje ungenazo iingxaki zonyango kwaye usempilweni entle. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa oku kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

2. Yeyiphi imingcipheko yokusela utywala xa usebenzisa amayeza am?

Ukuba uneengxaki zonyango ezingapheliyo ezinxulumene nesibindi sakho okanye izintso, iya kuchaphazela imetabolism (okanye yonakalise) yegazi elincinci. Oku kunokwenza igazi lakho licekeceke kwaye likubeke emngciphekweni omkhulu wobungozi bokopha.

Nokuba unesibindi esisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nezintso, utywala bunokunciphisa isibindi sakho kwisakhono sokucola ezinye iikhompawundi. Ingazinciphisa izintso zakho ekukhupheleni ityhefu eyaphukileyo okanye iziyobisi, njengegazi lakho elimiselweyo. Oku kungakhokelela kwimpembelelo efanayo eyingozi ye-anticoagulation egqithisileyo.

3. Zeziphi ezinye zeempawu ekufuneka ndibize ngazo kugqirha?

Ukuba kulo naliphi na igazi elincinci uya kwandisa umngcipheko wokopha. Ukulimala okwenzakalisayo sesinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokopha, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ungopha ngokukhawuleza.

Iimpawu ezibomvu zeflegi zibandakanya isixa esikhulu sokulahleka kwegazi okubonakalayo kumchamo, isitulo, ukugabha, okanye ukwenzakala emzimbeni. Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza ukunqanda ukopha kwaye unike ukuvuseleleka njengoko kufuneka.

Kukho iimeko ezinqabileyo zokopha ngaphakathi ezinokuthi okanye zingadibani nokwenzakala okubuhlungu. Kunokuba nzima ukubachonga kwaye basebenze kuwo kuba isenokungabonakali kwasekuqaleni, kodwa ukwenzakala entloko kusemngciphekweni omkhulu kwaye kufuneka kuvavanywe ngumboneleli wezempilo.

Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuphuma ngaphakathi zibandakanya:

• isiyezi
• ubuthathaka
• ukudinwa
• isiqaqa
• ukudumba kwesisu
• imeko yengqondo etshintshileyo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kakhulu (le ngxakeko yezonyango, kwaye kufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko)

Unokuphinda uqaphele imivumbo emincinci kulusu lwakho xa imithambo encinci yegazi yenzakala kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Oku akuqhelekanga ukuxhalabisa ngaphandle kokuba kuninzi okanye kukho ukuphawula umbala.

4. Ukusela utywala kuyichaphazela njani i-cholesterol yam ephezulu okanye umngcipheko weminye imiba yentliziyo?

Ukuselwa ngokulinganayo kotywala kunenzuzo ebonakalayo kunye nezempilo, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ovumayo. Kukho inani lomngcipheko onxulunyaniswa nalo naliphi na inani lotywala.

Ngo-2011 eyayiquka izifundo zophando ezingama-84 zangaphambili ezifumanise ukuba abantu abasela utywala banenani elincitshisiweyo lokufa kwenhliziyo kunye nokubetha, kunye nokwehla kokuphuhliswa kwesifo se-coronary artery disease (CAD) kunye nesibetho esingabulaliyo xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangaseliyo.

Owona mngcipheko uphantsi wokusweleka kwe-CAD wafunyanwa kwiziselo ezinxilisayo zisebenzisa into enye ukuya kwezimbini ezinxilisayo. Iziphumo ezingathathi hlangothi zafunyanwa ngokusweleka kwesibetho kunye nokubetha okungabulali. Olu hlalutyo lweemeta sisiseko sezikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kotywala ngoku.

Ukuselwa okuphakathi kotywala, ikakhulu kwiwayini ebomvu, kuye kwafunyanwa kubangela ukwanda kancinci kwe-cholesterol yakho ye-HDL (elungileyo).

5. Ngaba abanye abacoci gazi bahlukile kunabanye kule meko, okanye ngaba ikwangumngcipheko ofanayo?

Kukho uhlobo olungaphezulu kolunye lwegazi elincinci kwaye zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni.

Enye yezona zinto zindala zegazi ezisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi yi-warfarin (Coumadin). Kubo bonke abacoci gazi abakhoyo namhlanje, i-warfarin ichaphazeleka ngamandla kukusela kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa ngokulingeneyo akuchaphazeli kakhulu imetabolism ye-warfarin.

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kwaphuhliswa iklasi entsha yokucheba kwegazi. Banikezela ngezibonelelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kwe-warfarin, kodwa banezinto ezithile ezingalunganga. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nezibonelelo kunye nobungozi.

Kwezi zinto zincinci zincinci zegazi, kukho i-thrombin inhibitors ethe ngqo, enje nge-dabigatran (Pradaxa), kunye ne-factor factor inhibitors, njenge-rivaroxaban powder (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), kunye ne-edoxaban (Savaysa). Indlela yabo yokusebenza ayichaphazeleka kukusela utywala. Kukhuselekile ukusela utywala ukuba nje usempilweni entle kwaye uqinisekisile nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufumanise ukuba leliphi na igazi elincinci onelungelo lokufumana kulo.

6. Ngaba zikhona izixhobo okanye izixhobo ezikhoyo zokundinceda ndinciphise ukusela kwam utywala?

Ukuthintela ukusela isixa esilinganiselweyo kuphela kotywala kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kwabanye abantu. Akukhuthazwa ukuba uqale ukusela utywala ukuba awuqhelekanga.

Kwabo banengxaki nokunxila, kukho izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokunceda ukunciphisa ukusela utywala. IZiko likaZwelonke lokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala kunye notywala (i-NIAAA) lelinye lamaziko amaninzi eZiko lezeMpilo leSizwe (i-NIH), kwaye sisisixhobo esikhethekileyo, esidibanisa zonke izinto ezinxulumene notywala.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba usemngciphekweni wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala, sukuzibeka kwindawo eza kulinga ukutya kakhulu.

Ewe kunjalo, ababoneleli bezempilo balapha ukuze bancede kwaye bakuxhase endleleni.

UGqr. Harb Harb yingcali yentliziyo engafunekiyo esebenza ngaphakathi kwiNkqubo yezeMpilo yaseNorthwell eNew York, ngakumbi kwisibhedlele saseNorth Shore University, esidibene neYunivesithi yaseHofstra. Ugqibe isikolo sezonyango kwiYunivesithi yase-Iowa Carver College of Medicine eIowa City, eIowa, amayeza angaphakathi kwiKlinikhi yaseCleveland eCleveland, eOhio, nakwiyeza lentliziyo kwiHenry Ford Health System eDetroit, eMichigan. UGqr.Harb wafudukela kwisiXeko saseNew York, ekhetha ikhondo lomsebenzi wobuchwephesha kwezonyango njengoncedisayo unjingalwazi eDonald naseBarbara Zucker School of Medicine eHofstra / Northwell. Apho, ufundisa kwaye asebenze nabaqeqeshi beentliziyo kunye nezonyango kunye nabafundi bezonyango. Ungumntu weKholeji yaseMelika yeCardiology (i-FACC) kunye nebhodi yaseMelika eqinisekisiweyo kwizifo zentliziyo, i-echocardiography, kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo, kunye ne-cardiology yenyukliya. Ungugqirha obhalisiweyo kutoliko lwe-vascular (RPVI). Okokugqibela, ufumene imfundo enomsila kwezempilo yoluntu kunye nolawulo lweshishini ukuba negalelo kuphando lwesizwe lokulungiswa kwezempilo.