Ukuqonda oonobangela bokuXhatshazwa kwabantwana

Umxholo

• Yintoni eyonyusa umngcipheko womntu wokuxhaphaza umntwana?
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa usoyika ukwenzakalisa umntwana
• Izixhobo zokuthintela ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana
• Ungenza ntoni xa ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wenzakele
• Ungakuxela njani ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana
• Yintoni ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana?
• Iindidi ezi-5 zokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana
• Iinyani zokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana
• Iinyani malunga nokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana
• Iziphumo zokuxhatshazwa ebuntwaneni
• Ungazibona njani iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa komntwana
• Iimpawu zokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana okanye ukungahoywa
• Unokunceda ukumisa umjikelo

Kutheni abanye abantu bekhathaza abantwana

Akukho mpendulo ilula eya kunceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni abanye abazali okanye abantu abadala behlukumeza abantwana.

Njengakwezinto ezininzi, izinto ezikhokelela ekuxhatshazweni kwabantwana zinzima kwaye zihlala zinxulunyaniswa neminye imiba. Le miba inokuba nzima kakhulu ukuyifumana nokuyiqonda kunokuba uxhatshazo ngokwalo.

Yintoni eyonyusa umngcipheko womntu wokuxhaphaza umntwana?

• Imbali yokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana okanye ukungahoywa ngexesha lobuntwana babo
• ukuba nengxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi
• iimeko zempilo yomzimba okanye yengqondo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, okanye uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo (PTSD)
• ubudlelwane obubi phakathi komzali nomntwana
• Uxinzelelo kwezentlalo noqoqosho kwimicimbi yezemali, intswela-ngqesho, okanye iingxaki zonyango
• ukunqongophala kokuqonda malunga nophuhliso olusisiseko lwabantwana (ulindele ukuba abantwana babe nakho ukwenza imisebenzi ngaphambi kokuba bakulungele)
• ukunqongophala kwezakhono zobuzali zokunceda ukumelana noxinzelelo kunye nobunzima bokukhulisa umntwana
• ukunqongophala kwenkxaso kumalungu osapho, abahlobo, abamelwane, okanye uluntu
• ukukhathalela umntwana okhubazeke ngengqondo okanye ngokwasemzimbeni owenza ukuba ukhathalelo olwaneleyo lube ngumceli mngeni omkhulu
• uxinzelelo losapho okanye ingxaki ebangelwe bubundlobongela basekhaya, ubudlelwane besiphithiphithi, ukwahlukana, okanye uqhawulo-mtshato
• Imicimbi yezempilo yengqondo, kubandakanya ukuzithemba okuphantsi kunye neemvakalelo zokungakwazi ukusebenza okanye iintloni

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa usoyika ukwenzakalisa umntwana

Ukuba ngumzali kunokuba ngamava ovuyisayo, anentsingiselo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha oyisa. Kunokubakho amaxesha apho abantwana bakho bekutyhala ukuya kumda. Unokuziva uqhutywa kukuziphatha obunokuthi ngesiqhelo ungacingi ukuba uyakwazi.

Inyathelo lokuqala lokuthintela ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kukuqonda iimvakalelo onazo. Ukuba uyoyika ukuba ungamhlukumeza umntwana wakho, sele ufikelele kwinto ebalulekileyo. Ngoku lixesha lokuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela nakuphi na ukuxhatshazwa.

Okokuqala, zisuse kwimeko. Musa ukuphendula kumntwana wakho ngeli xesha lomsindo okanye lomsindo. Hamb 'umshiye.

Emva koko, sebenzisa esinye sezixhobo ukufumana iindlela zokujonga iimvakalelo zakho, iimvakalelo kunye namanyathelo ayimfuneko ukusingatha imeko.

Izixhobo zokuthintela ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana

• Biza ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha. Aba baboneleli ngezempilo banokukunceda ufumane uncedo kwangoko. Banokukubhekisa nakwizibonelelo ezinokuba luncedo, ezinje ngeeklasi zemfundo yabazali, iingcebiso, okanye amaqela enkxaso.
• Tsalela umnxeba kwiNombolo yoNxibelelwano yeSizwe yoNcedo lwaBantwana. Lo mnxeba ungama-24/7 ungafikelelwa kwi-800-4-A-CHILD (800-422-4453). Banokuthetha nawe ngalo mzuzu kwaye bakuhambise kwizibonelelo zasimahla kwindawo yakho.
• Ndwendwela iSango leNgcaciso yeNtlalontle yaBantwana. Lo mbutho ubonelela iintsapho kunye nabantu ngamanye amakhonkco kwiinkonzo zenkxaso yosapho. Batyelele apha.

Ungenza ntoni xa ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wenzakele

Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana uyazi ukuba uyahlukunyezwa, funa uncedo kwangoko kuloo mntwana.

Ungakuxela njani ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana

• Biza amapolisa. Ukuba woyika ubomi bomntwana busemngciphekweni, amapolisa angaphendula amsuse umntwana ekhaya ukuba uyafuneka. Kananjalo baya kwazisa ii-arhente zokukhusela abantwana kule meko.
• Tsalela umnxeba inkonzo yokhuselo lomntwana. Ezi arhente zasekhaya nezaseburhulumenteni zinokungenelela nosapho kwaye zisuse umntwana kukhuseleko ukuba kukho imfuneko. Banokunceda abazali okanye abantu abadala ukuba bafumane uncedo abaludingayo, nokuba ziiklasi zezakhono zobuzali okanye unyango lokuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni iziyobisi. ISebe lakho laBasebenzi laseKhaya linokuba yindawo efanelekileyo ukuqala.
• Tsalela umnxeba kwiNombolo yoNxibelelwano yeSizwe yoNcedo lwaBantwana Nge-800-4-A-CHILD (800-422-4453). Eli qela linokukunceda ufumane imibutho kwindawo yakho eya kuthi incede umntwana nosapho.
• Tsalela umnxeba kule nombolo ilandelayo: Nge-800-799-7233 okanye i-TTY 800-787-3224 okanye kwi-Intanethi 24/7 incoko. Banokubonelela ngolwazi malunga neendawo zokufihla intloko okanye iiarhente zokukhusela abantwana kwindawo yakho.
• Undwendwelo kuthintele ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana eMelika ukufunda iindlela ezingakumbi zokunceda umntwana kunye nokukhuthaza impilo-ntle yabo. Batyelele apha.

Yintoni ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana?

Ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana lulo naluphi na uhlobo lokuxhatshazwa okanye ukungahoywa okwenzakalisa umntwana. Ihlala isenziwa ngumzali, ngumongi, okanye ngomnye umntu onegunya kubomi bomntwana.

Iindidi ezi-5 zokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana

• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni: ukubetha, ukubetha, okanye nantoni na ebangela ukwenzakala emzimbeni
• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo: Ukuxhaphaza, ukuphuthaphutha, okanye ukudlwengula
• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokweemvakalelo: ukuthotywa, ukuthotywa isidima, ukungxoliswa, okanye ukuthintela unxibelelwano ngokweemvakalelo
• Ukuphathwa gadalala kwezonyango: ukwala iinkonzo zonyango ezifunekayo okanye ukudala amabali ayintsomi abeka abantwana emngciphekweni
• Ukungahoywa: ukubamba okanye ukusilela ukubonelela ngononophelo, ukutya, indawo yokuhlala, okanye ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko

Iinyani zokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana

Ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana phantse kuhlala kuthintelwe. Ifuna inqanaba lokuqwalaselwa kwicala labazali nakubanakekeli. Ikwafuna umsebenzi kubantu abadala ebomini bomntwana ukoyisa imiceli mngeni, iimvakalelo, okanye iinkolelo ezikhokelela kwezi ndlela zokuziphatha.

Nangona kunjalo, lo msebenzi uwufanele umgudu. Ukoyisa ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokungakhathalelwa kunokunceda iintsapho zomelele. Inokunceda abantwana ukuba banciphise umngcipheko weengxaki ezizayo.

Iinyani malunga nokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana

• NgokwamaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC), baphathwa gadalala okanye batyeshelwa ngo-2016 eMelika. Kodwa uninzi lwabantwana olunokuba lwenzakalisiwe kwiziqendu zokuxhatshazwa okanye ukungahoywa ezingazange zixelwe.
• Malunga nokusweleka ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kunye nokungakhathalelwa kwi2016, ithi iCDC.
• Uqikelelo lophando 1 kwabane abantwana baya kuva uhlobo oluthile lokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana ngexesha lokuphila kwabo.
• Abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala kufuneka babe ngamaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.

Iziphumo zokuxhatshazwa ebuntwaneni

Isifundo sika-2009 sivavanye indima yendima eyahlukeneyo yamava obuntwana ababi kwezempilo kubantu abadala. Amava afakiwe:

• Ukuxhatshazwa (ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokweemvakalelo, ngokwesondo)
• ukubona ubundlobongela basekhaya
• Ukwahlukana komzali okanye uqhawulo-mtshato
• Ukukhula kwikhaya elinamalungu osapho ababeneemeko zempilo yengqondo, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni iziyobisi, okanye bathunyelwa entolongweni

Abaphandi bafumanise abo banika ingxelo ngamava obuntwana amathandathu okanye nangaphezulu anamava obomi aphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 emifutshane kunabo babengenawo la mava.

Abantu abaye baxhatshazwa besengabantwana kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba babe nabantwana babo. Ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana okanye ukungahoywa nako kunokuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni iziyobisi xa umdala.

Ukuba uye waxhatshazwa usengumntwana, ezi ziphumo zinokubonakala zimbi kuwe. Kodwa khumbula, uncedo kunye nenkxaso zikhona. Unokuphilisa kwaye uphumelele.

Ulwazi nalo ngamandla. Ukuqonda iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kunokukunceda wenze izigqibo ezisempilweni ngoku.

Ungazibona njani iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa komntwana

Abantwana abaphethwe gadalala abasoloko beqonda ukuba abanakubekwa tyala ngokuziphatha kwabazali babo okanye amanye amagunya. Banokuzama ukubufihla obunye bobungqina bolu xhatshazo.

Nangona kunjalo, abantu abadala okanye abanye abantu abasemagunyeni kubomi bomntwana, onje ngutitshala, umqeqeshi, okanye umnakekeli, bahlala beyibona imiqondiso yokuxhatshazwa okunokwenzeka.

Iimpawu zokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana okanye ukungahoywa

• utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, kubandakanya ubutshaba, ukungakhathali, umsindo, okanye ubundlongondlongo
• ukuthandabuza ukushiya imisebenzi, enje ngesikolo, imidlalo, okanye imisebenzi yangaphandle
• iinzame zokubaleka okanye ukushiya ikhaya
• utshintsho kwindlela yokusebenza esikolweni
• ukungabikho rhoqo esikolweni
• Ukurhoxa kubahlobo, kusapho, okanye kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo
• ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala
• Ukuziphatha kakubi

Unokunceda ukumisa umjikelo

Ukuphilisa kunokwenzeka xa abantu abadala kunye nabasemagunyeni befumana iindlela zokunceda abantwana, abazali babo, kunye nawuphina umntu obandakanyekayo ekuphathweni gadalala kwabantwana.

Ngelixa inkqubo yonyango ingasoloko ilula, kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu obandakanyekayo afumane uncedo abaludingayo. Oku kunokumisa umjikelo wokuxhatshazwa. Inokunceda neentsapho ukuba zifunde ukuchuma ngokwenza ubudlelwane obukhuselekileyo, obuzinzileyo kunye nokondla.