Megaloblastic anemia: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia
• Izizathu eziphambili
• Unyango kufuneka lube njani

I-Megaloblastic anemia luhlobo lwe-anemia olwenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lokujikeleza kwe-vitamin B2, enokubangela ukwehla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nokonyuka kubungakanani bazo, kukho ubukho beeseli ezibomvu zegazi. kuvavanyo lwe-microscopic, kwaye kukho ukwehla kubungakanani beeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets.

Njengolu hlobo lwe-anemia kukho ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-vitamin B12, kuqhelekile ukuba ezinye iimpawu zivele, ezinjengeentlungu esiswini, ukulahleka kweenwele kunye notshintsho ekusebenzeni kwamathumbu, ngamaxesha okuqunjelwa kunye norhudo.

Kubalulekile ukuba i-megaloblastic anemia ichongwe kwaye inyangwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha jikelele okanye i-hematologist, enokuthi ibonakalise utshintsho kwindlela yokutya okanye isongezo se-B12, nokuba kungomlomo okanye ngqo emthanjeni, ngohlobo lwe-megaloblastic anemia.

Iimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia

Iimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia ikakhulu zinxulunyaniswa nokusilela kwe-B12 emzimbeni kunye nokwehla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi eziveliswayo kwaye zijikeleza. Kungenxa yokuba ivithamini B12 yinxalenye yenkqubo yokuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kwaye ukusilela kwayo, kuveliswa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukunciphisa ihemoglobin egazini, okwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa ioksijini kwiiseli, ezikhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu, eziphambili zezi:

• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ubuthathaka;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Ukulahleka kweenwele;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima;
• Utshintsho ekuhambeni kwamathumbu, kunye norhudo okanye ukuqhina;
• Iintlungu zesisu okanye isicaphucaphu;
• Ukulinganisa izandla okanye iinyawo;
• IPallor;

Xa ezi zimpawu zivela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubonane nogqirha okanye ugqirha wegazi ukuze iimpawu zivavanywe kwaye kuvavanyo lubonakaliswe ukunceda ukuqinisekisa i-anemia ye-megaloblastic, efana nokubala kwegazi kunye nevithamini B12 egazini.

Izizathu eziphambili

I-Megaloblastic anemia inxulumene namanqanaba anciphisiweyo e-vitamin B12, enokubangelwa lutshintsho kwinkqubo yokufunxa le vithamini emzimbeni okanye ukutya okungalunganga. Ngenxa yoko, i-megaloblastic anemia inokuhlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:

• I-anemia enobunzima, eyenzeka kubantu abatya izixa ezaneleyo zevithamini B12, kodwa abangenayo iprotein, ebizwa ngokuba yi-intrinsic factor, ebopha kule vithamin ukuze ingene emzimbeni. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-anemia eyingozi;
• Ukusilela kwe-B12 anemia, eyenzekayo xa umntu engakutyi ukutya okutyebileyo kule vithamin E kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatya imifuno kuphela, oko kukhokelela kuphuhliso lolu hlobo lweanemia.

Kubalulekile ukuba uchonge uhlobo lwe-anemia ukuze kuboniswe olona nyango lufanelekileyo, njengakwimeko ye-anemia eyingozi, ukonyuka kokutya ukutya okunothe nge-vitamin B12, njengentlanzi, ukutya kwaselwandle, amaqanda, itshizi nobisi, akunako iphazamise ukukhula kwegazi.

Unyango kufuneka lube njani

Unyango lwe-megaloblastic anemia kufuneka lwenziwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha kunye nonobangela we-anemia. Ke, kwimeko ye-anemia eyingozi, ugqirha unokucebisa ngenaliti ye-vitamin B12 yonke imihla okanye ukongeza le vithamin ngomlomo, ade amanqanaba ale vithamini emzimbeni alungelelane kwaye amanqanaba e-hemoglobin egazini aqheleke.

Kwimeko ye-megaloblastic anemia ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-B12, unyango luhlala lubandakanya ukuphucula imikhwa yokutya, apho umntu kufuneka akhethe ukutya okuyimithombo yale vithamini, njengentlanzi, itshizi, ubisi kunye negwele lebhiya, umzekelo. Ukongeza, ugqirha wezondlo okanye ugqirha unokucebisa ngokuxhasa le vithamini.

Bona kwividiyo engezantsi into oyityayo ukwandisa amanqanaba e-B12: