Yintoni iAnosmia?

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-anosmia?
• Ukurhawuzelela inwebu yencindi egubungele impumlo
• Ukuvaleka kweempumlo zempumlo
• Ingqondo okanye umonakalo wemithambo-luvo
• Ufumanisa njani u-anosmia?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ze-anosmia?
• Uphathwa njani u-anosmia?

Ushwankathelo

I-Anosmia ilahleko encinci okanye epheleleyo yovumba. Le lahleko inokuba yeyethutyana okanye isigxina. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezicaphukisa iingubo zempumlo, ezinje ngee-aleji okanye ingqele, zinokukhokelela kwi-anosmia yethutyana.

Iimeko ezinobuzaza ezichaphazela ingqondo okanye imithambo-luvo, ezinjengezilonda zobuchopho okanye ukwenzakala entloko, kunokubangela ilahleko esisigxina. Ukwaluphala ngamanye amaxesha kubangela i-anosmia.

I-Anosmia idla ngokungabi nzulu, kodwa inokuba nefuthe elibi kubomi bomntu.

Abantu abane-anosmia abanako ukungcamla ngokupheleleyo ukutya kwaye banokulahla umdla wokutya. Oku kunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kobunzima okanye ukungondleki. I-Anosmia nayo ingakhokelela kuxinzelelo kuba inokuphazamisa ukubanakho kokujoja okanye ukungcamla ukutya okumnandi.

Yintoni ebangela i-anosmia?

I-Anosmia ihlala ibangelwa kukudumba okanye ukuvaleka kwempumlo okuthintela ivumba ukuba lingafiki encotsheni yempumlo. I-Anosmia ngamanye amaxesha ibangelwa yingxaki yenkqubo ethumela imiqondiso ukusuka empumlweni iye kwingqondo.

Apha ngezantsi zizizathu eziphambili ze-anosmia:

Ukurhawuzelela inwebu yencindi egubungele impumlo

Oku kunokubangela ukuba:

• usulelo lwesono
• umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo
• ukutshaya
• umkhuhlane, okanye umkhuhlane
• Ukungabikho komzimba (i-allergen rhinitis)
• Ukuxinana okungapheliyo okungahambelani ne-allergies (nonallergic rhinitis)

Ingqele yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokuphulukana nenxalenye okwexeshana kwephunga. Kule meko, i-anosmia iya kuhamba yodwa.

Ukuvaleka kweempumlo zempumlo

Ukuphulukana nevumba kunokubakho ukuba kukho into ethintela ukuhamba komoya empumlweni. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• amathumba
• iipolyps ngeempumlo
• ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngaphakathi kwempumlo okanye kwiseptum yempumlo

Ingqondo okanye umonakalo wemithambo-luvo

Kukho ii-receptors ngaphakathi kwempumlo ezithumela ulwazi ngemithambo-luvo kwingqondo. I-Anosmia inokwenzeka ukuba kukho naliphi na icandelo lendlela elonakalisiweyo. Zininzi iimeko ezinokubangela lo monakalo, kubandakanya:

• iminyaka emidala
• Isifo se-Alzheimer
• amathumba engqondo
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• iingxaki zehomoni
• i-thyroid engasebenzi
• amayeza, kubandakanya amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
• isifo sokugubhuka
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• schizophrenia
• ukuxhuzula
• isifo seswekile
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza etshisa ngaphakathi kwempumlo
• ukulimala kwengqondo okanye intloko
• utyando lobuchopho
• ukungondleki kunye nokuswela iivithamini
• unyango lwemitha
• utywala bexesha elide
• ukubetha

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, abantu bazalwa bengenalo ivumba ngenxa yemeko yemfuza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-akasmia yokuzalwa.

Ufumanisa njani u-anosmia?

Ukuphulukana nevumba kunzima ukulinganisa. Ugqirha wakho unokukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho zangoku, jonga impumlo yakho, wenze uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba, kwaye ubuze malunga nembali yakho yezempilo.

Banokubuza imibuzo malunga nokuba iqale nini ingxaki, ukuba zonke okanye ezinye iintlobo zevumba zichaphazelekayo, nokuba ungakungcamla ukutya okanye hayi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpendulo zakho, ugqirha wakho unokwenza enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• I-CT scan, esebenzisa ii-X-ray ukwenza umfanekiso ocacileyo wobuchopho
• Iskena seMRI, esisebenzisa amaza erediyo kunye neemagnethi ukujonga ingqondo
• X-reyi yekhakhayi
• i-endoscopy yempumlo ukujonga ngaphakathi kwempumlo

Zeziphi iingxaki ze-anosmia?

Abantu abane-anosmia banokulahla umdla wokutya kunye nokutya, okukhokelela kukungondleki kunye nokulahleka kobunzima.

Abantu abane-anosmia kufuneka baqiniseke ukuba banama-alamu omsi asebenzayo emakhayeni abo ngamaxesha onke. Kuya kufuneka balumke ngokugcinwa kokutya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwerhasi yendalo kuba banokuba nengxaki ekufumaneni ukutya okonakeleyo kunye nokuvuza kwegesi.

Izilumkiso ezicetyiswayo zibandakanya:

• Ukulebhelisha ngokufanelekileyo ukutya okunemihla yokuphelelwa
• iilebula zokufunda kwiikhemikhali ezinje ngezicoci zasekhitshini kunye nezibulali zinambuzane
• usebenzisa izixhobo zombane

Uphathwa njani u-anosmia?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ukuba ukulahleka kwephunga kwenzeka ngokubandayo, ukungabikho komzimba, okanye ukusuleleka kwi-sinus, ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kucoca yedwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho ukuba i-anosmia ayicimi kanye xa iimpawu zokubanda okanye zokungabikho komzimba ziye zayeka.

Unyango olunokunceda ukusombulula i-anosmia ebangelwa kukucaphuka kwempumlo kubandakanya:

• izinto zokugqibela
• antihistamines
• Izifafazi zeempumlo ze-steroid
• Iintsholongwane, ngenxa yosulelo lwebacteria
• ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwempumlo kunye nezifo
• ukuyeka ukutshaya

Ukuphulukana nevumba elibangelwa kukuvaleka ngeempumlo kunganyangwa ngokususa nantoni na ethintela indlela ohamba ngayo ngeempumlo. Oku kususwa kunokubandakanya inkqubo yokususa ii-polyps zempumlo, ukulungisa i-septum yempumlo, okanye ukucima i-sinus.

Abantu abadala basengozini enkulu yokuphulukana nemvakalelo yabo yevumba ngokusisigxina.

Akukho lunyango lufumanekayo ngoku kubantu abane-anosmia yokuzalwa.

Abantu abanokuphulukana nenxalenye yokuziva kwabo ngevumba banokongeza iiarhente zokuhambisa incasa ekutyeni ukuphucula ukonwaba kwabo.