Ulusebenzisa nini uncedo lokuva kunye neentlobo eziphambili

Umxholo

• Ixabiso lokuva
• Xa kufuneka uyisebenzise
• Iindidi zezixhobo kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo
• Ulugcina njani uNcedo lwakho lokuva?
• Ucoceka njani
• Utshintsha njani ibhetri?

Uncedo lokuva, olukwabizwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokuva kuva, sisixhobo esincinci ekufuneka sibekwe ngqo endlebeni ukunceda ukwandisa umthamo wezandi, ukuququzelela ukuva kwabantu abaphulukene nalo msebenzi, nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abantu abaphulukana namandla abo okuva ngenxa yokwaluphala.

Kukho iindidi ezininzi zezincedisi zokuva, zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle endlebeni, ezibandakanya imakrofoni, isandisi-lizwi kunye nesithethi, esonyusa isandi ukufikelela kwindlebe. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo, kufuneka uye kwi-otorhinolaryngologist kwaye wenze iimviwo zokuva, ezinje nge-audiogram, ukufumanisa inqanaba lokungeva, elinokuba nobulali okanye linzulu, kwaye ukhethe esona sixhobo silungileyo.

Ukongeza, kukho iimodeli ezininzi kunye neempawu, ezinje ngeWidex, iNokia, iPhonak kunye neOticon, umzekelo, ukongeza kwiimo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, kunye nethuba lokusebenzisa kwindlebe enye okanye zombini.

Ixabiso lokuva

Ixabiso loncedo lokuva ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye negama lesixhobo, elinokwahluka phakathi kwe-8 lamawaka kunye ne-12 lamawaka reais.

Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe eBrazil, isigulana esinengxaki yokuva singafikelela kuncedo lokuva simahla, nge-SUS, emva kokubonisa kogqirha.

Xa kufuneka uyisebenzise

Izinto zokuncedisa ukuva ziboniswa yi-otorhinolaryngologist yamatyala osisithulu ngenxa yokunxiba kwenkqubo yokuva, okanye xa kukho imeko okanye isifo esibangela ubunzima bokufika kwesandi kwindlebe yangaphakathi, enje:

• I-Sequelae ye-otitis engapheliyo;
• Ukutshintshwa kwezakhiwo zendlebe, ngenxa yokulimala okanye isifo, njenge-otosclerosis;
• Ukonakala kweeseli zendlebe ngenxa yengxolo egqithisileyo, ukusebenza okanye ukumamela umculo omkhulu;
• I-Presbycusis, apho ukonakala kweeseli zendlebe kwenzeka ngenxa yokuguga;
• Ukudumba endlebeni.

Xa kukho naluphi na uhlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe, kufuneka kuvavanywe i-otorhinolaryngologist, eya kuthi ivavanye uhlobo lokungeva kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ngaba sikhona na isidingo sokusebenzisa uncedo lokuva okanye nokuba kukho naliphi na iyeza okanye utyando oluyimfuneko kunyango. Ke, ingcali yezentetho iya kuba yingcali ejongene nokubonisa uhlobo lwesixhobo, ukongeza kulungelelwaniso kunye nokubeka iliso kuncedo lokuva lomsebenzisi.

Ukongeza, kwimeko yokuba sisithulu kakhulu, yoluvo lwe-sensorineural, okanye xa kungekho phuculo kwindlebe ngoncedo lokuva, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear kunokuba yimfuneko, isixhobo se-elektroniki esivuselela ngokuthe ngqo i-neva ye-auditory ngokusebenzisa ii-electrode ezincinci thatha imiqondiso yombane uye nayo kwingqondo eyitolika njengezandi, ithathe indawo yeendlebe zabantu abazizithulu kakhulu. Funda ngakumbi ngamaxabiso kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo i-cochlear implant.

Iindidi zezixhobo kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli zezincedisi zokuva, ekufuneka zikhokelwe ngugqirha kunye nonyango lwentetho. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ebuyela emva, okanye i-BTE: yeyona ixhaphakileyo, isetyenziselwe indawo engaphandle yendlebe, kwaye iqhagamshelwe endlebeni ngumbhobho omncinci ohambisa isandi. Inolawulo lwangaphakathi lwenkqubo, njengolawulo lwevolumu, kunye negumbi lebhetri;
• Kwinkqubo, okanye i-ITE: yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi, kulungiswe ngaphakathi kumsele wendlebe, yenziwa ngokukodwa kumntu oza kuyisebenzisa, emva kokwenza ukungunda kwendlebe. Inokuba nolawulo lwangaphakathi okanye lwangaphandle ngeqhosha levolumu kunye nenkqubo yokulawula umsebenzi, kunye negumbi lebhetri;
• Inzulu ngaphakathi, okanye RITE: yeyona modeli incinci, netekhnoloji yedijithali, yokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi, njengoko ingena ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kumjelo wendlebe, ngokungabonakaliyo xa ibekwa. Iqhelana kakuhle nabantu abanobunzima bokulahleka kwindlebe.

Izixhobo zangaphakathi zinexabiso eliphezulu, nangona kunjalo, ukhetho phakathi kwezi modeli lwenziwa ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane uqeqesho lokuphicothwa kwendlebe kunye nengcali yezentetho, ukuvumela uhlengahlengiso olungcono kwaye, ukongeza, ugqirha angabonisa ixesha lovavanyo lwasekhaya ukuze azi ukuba akukho lutshintsho.

Ulugcina njani uNcedo lwakho lokuva?

Uncedo lokuva kufuneka luphathwe ngononophelo, kuba sisixhobo esibuthathaka, esinokwaphuka ngokulula kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukusisusa isixhobo nanini na uhlamba, uzilolonga okanye ulele.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuthatha isixhobo usise kwivenkile yokuncedisa ukuva, ubuncinci amaxesha ama-2 ngonyaka, ukugcinwa kunye naphina xa ingasebenzi kakuhle.

Ucoceka njani

Ukucoca isixhobo esingasemva kwendlebe, kufuneka:

1. Vala isixhobo ukucima okanye ukucima iqhosha kwaye uhlukanise icandelo le-elektroniki kwinxalenye yeplastiki, ephethe ukungunda kweplastiki kuphela;
2. Coca ukungunda kweplastiki, kunye nenani elincinci le-audioclear spray okanye usule ukucoca ukucoca;
3. Lindela imizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ukuvumela imveliso isebenze;
4. Susa umswakama ogqithiseleyo ityhubhu yeplastiki yesixhobo kunye nempompo ethile efunxa ulwelo;
5. Coca isixhobo ngelaphu lomqhaphu, njengelaphu lokucoca iiglasi, ukuze lome kakuhle.

Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe kube kanye ngenyanga kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha isigulana siziva ngathi asimameli kakuhle, kuba ityhubhu yesixhobo inokuba mdaka nge-wax.

Ukucocwa kwe-intracanal device kwenziwa ngokuhamba kwelaphu elithambileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngelixa ucoca isandi, ukuvulwa kwemakrofoni kunye nejelo lokungenisa umoya, sebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezinikezelweyo, ezinje ngeebrashi ezincinci kunye neefilitha ze-wax.

Utshintsha njani ibhetri?

Ngokubanzi, iibhetri zihlala kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-15, nangona kunjalo, utshintsho luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesixhobo kunye nebhetri, kunye nenani lokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, uncedo lokuva lubonisa ukuba ibhetri iphantsi, ukwenza ibhiphu.

Ukutshintsha ibhetri, kuhlala kufanelekile ukuzisa umazibuthe kufutshane ukuze ususe ibhetri. Emva kokususa ibhetri esetyenzisiweyo, kuya kufuneka ulingane ibhetri entsha, etshajiweyo ukuze isixhobo sisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.