I-Spinal aplasia: yintoni, zintoni iimpawu kunye nendlela yokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba ngumhlaza womqolo womhlaza?
• Izizathu ezinokubangela i-aplasia yomqolo
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Umongo wethambo i-aplasia okanye umongo wethambo i-aplasia sisifo esibonakaliswa lutshintsho ekusebenzeni komongo wethambo. Umongo wethambo unoxanduva lokuvelisa iiseli zegazi. Xa iphazanyiswa yiyo nayiphi na into, ukuveliswa kwayo kunokuncitshiswa okanye kuyekwe, okukhokelela kukuxinana okuphantsi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets kunye neeukocyte ezijikeleza egazini.

Ngokwesiqhelo unobangela we-spinal aplasia awaziwa, kodwa inokunxulunyaniswa nokuvezwa kweearhente zamachiza, imitha, amayeza, okanye inokuba sisiphumo sesifo esibi kakhulu, njenge-Fanconi's anemia. Ukwehla kokujikeleza kweeseli zegazi kungakhokelela kuthotho lweempawu, ezinje nge-pallor, ukuphefumla kancinci, ubukho beemivumbo kunye nokwenzeka rhoqo kosulelo.

Unyango lusekwe ngokwenqanaba le-aplasia kwaye luhlala lusenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezikhuselayo, i-antibiotics, utofelo-gazi kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukufakelwa umongo wethambo. Unyango lunokumiselwa kuphela ngugqirha emva kwesiphumo sobalo lwegazi kunye ne-myelogram, ekufuneka icelwe ngokufanayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Njengoko sisifo apho kukho inani eliphantsi leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets kunye neeukocyte, iimpawu zomnqonqo aplasia zinxulumene nokwehla kwezi zinto egazini:

• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• IPallor;
• Ubukho bamabala amfusa eluswini;
• Ukopha ngokungaqhelekanga;
• Rhoqo izifo.

Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala ngesiquphe okanye ngokucotha nangakumbi ngokuthe chu. Ukongeza, kunokubakho intloko ebuhlungu, i-tachycardia kunye nesiyezi kwimeko ye-aplasia yomnqonqo.

I-spinal aplasia inokuthi ifane ne-aplastic anemia, njengoko bobabini banesizathu esifanayo, iimpawu ezifanayo kunye nonyango olufanayo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-aplastic anemia.

Ngaba ngumhlaza womqolo womhlaza?

I-spinal aplasia ayisiwo umhlaza. Nangona i-leukemia luhlobo lomhlaza ochaphazela iiseli zegazi, kukho utshintsho kumongo ovumela umongo ukuba uvelise kwaye ukhulule iiseli ezininzi zeseli ethile okanye ukhulule iiseli ezingekenzeki kwinkqubo yokuvuthwa, ezinje nge-myelocytes, umzekelo. umzekelo.

Kwi-marrow aplasia, kwelinye icala, umongo uphulukana nomsebenzi wawo, okt iiseli ziveliswa ngomthamo omncinci kakhulu okanye akunakubakho mveliso.

Izizathu ezinokubangela i-aplasia yomqolo

Oonobangela be-aplasia yomqolo abaziwa njalo, kodwa ihlala inxulumene:

• Ukuchaphazeleka ixesha elide kwimitha;
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinobuthi;
• Ukubonakaliswa kwizinto ezivela kwi-benzene;
• Ukuboniswa kwamayeza okubulala izinambuzane;
• Usulelo;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza afana ne-chloramphenicol, umzekelo;
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo.

Intambo yomqolo i-aplasia ayifane ifane nelifa, kodwa xa isenzeka ngesiqhelo inxulumene ne-Fanconi anemia, esisifo esibi, esofuzo nesinqabileyo apho umntwana eneziphene, ezinokubonakala kanye xa ezalwa, ulusu amabala, ukukhubazeka kwezintso, mfutshane ukukhula kunye namathuba okuba nesifo kunye ne-leukemia. Qonda indlela yokuchonga nokunyanga i-anemia yeFanconi.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwe-aplasia yomqolo kwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi oluboniswe ngugqirha ngokubanzi, ubalo lwegazi, apho inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-leukocyte kunye neeplatelets ezijikeleza egazini kunokujongwa.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucela i-myelogram, eluvavanyweni olungenasiphelo apho umnqweno wegazi kunye nomongo wethambo wenziwa kwithambo le-hip okanye ithambo le-sternum ukujonga ukuba zenziwa njani iiseli zegazi. Jonga ukuba zeziphi izikhombisi kunye nendlela eyenziweyo ngayo i-myelogram.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-aplasia yomqolo lusekwe ngokwenqanaba le-aplasia. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umfanekiso we-spinal aplasia unokuguqulwa, oko kukuthi, umongo wethambo unokuphinda ubenakho ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi. Ke ngoko, i-spinal aplasia inokunyanga.

Unyango lwe-spinal aplasia lunokwenziwa nge:

• Iziyobisi ezichaphazela umzimba, evuselela ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi ngumongo wethambo;
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ukunyanga usulelo olunokwenzeka, kuba amajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yokwehla kwenani leukocytes.
• Utofelo-gazi, kunye negazi elipheleleyo, uxinizelelo lweseli ebomvu, iplatelet concentrate okanye leukocyte concentrate inokufakwa ukonyusa uxinizelelo lwezi ndawo kwigazi lesigulana.

Kwiimeko ze-aplasia eqatha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza ukufakelwa komongo wethambo, okuthi ngaphandle kokuba unethuba eliphezulu leengxaki, ukubanakho ukunyanga kungaphezulu. Jonga indlela ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kwenzeka.