I-Takayasu's arteritis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu
• Iingxaki zesi sifo
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Takterasu's arteritis sisifo apho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kwimithambo yegazi, kubangela ukonakala kwi-aorta nakwamasebe ayo, owona mthambo uhambisa igazi usuka entliziyweni uye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Esi sifo singakhokelela ekunciphiseni ngokungaqhelekanga kwemithambo yegazi okanye ii-aneurysms, apho imithambo yegazi ichanekile ngokungaqhelekanga, enokuthi ikhokelele kwiimpawu ezinjengentlungu yengalo okanye isifuba, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukudinwa, ukwehla kobunzima, okanye kude kukhokelele kubunzima obukhulu.

Unyango lubandakanya ukuhambisa amayeza ukulawula ukudumba kwemithambo kunye nokukhusela iingxaki kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko.

Ziintoni iimpawu

Rhoqo, isifo asymptomatic kwaye iimpawu azibonakali, ngakumbi kwisigaba esisebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isifo siqhubela phambili kunye nokuqina kwemithambo-luvo kukhula, iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ngakumbi, njengokudinwa, ukwehla kobunzima, iintlungu ngokubanzi kunye nomkhuhlane.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, ezinye iimpawu zinokwenzeka, njengokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, kubangele ioksijini encinci kunye nezakha mzimba zithuthwe ziye kumalungu, zibangele iimpawu ezinje ngobuthathaka kunye nentlungu emilenzeni, isiyezi, ukuziva udiniwe, intloko ebuhlungu, ingxaki yememori kunye ubunzima ekuqiqiseni, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukutshintsha kombono, uxinzelelo lwegazi, umlinganiso wamaxabiso ahlukeneyo kuxinzelelo lwegazi phakathi kwamalungu ahlukeneyo, ukunciphisa ukubetha kwentliziyo, i-anemia kunye nentlungu esifubeni.

Iingxaki zesi sifo

I-Takterasu's arteritis ingakhokelela kuphuhliso lweengxaki ezininzi, ezinje ngokuqinisa kunye nokunciphisa imithambo yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukudumba kwentliziyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, ukubetha, isifo se-aneurysm kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni imvelaphi yesi sifo, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba sisifo sokuzimela, apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela imithambo ngempazamo kwaye le mpendulo yokuzimela ingabangelwa sisifo sentsholongwane. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu basetyhini kwaye senzeka rhoqo kumantombazana nakwabasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-40 ubudala.

Esi sifo siguquka ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Inqanaba lokuqala libonakaliswa yinkqubo yokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-vasculitis, echaphazela iileya ezi-3 zodonga lwemithambo, oluhlala luhlala iinyanga. Emva kwesigaba esisebenzayo, isigaba esinganyangekiyo, okanye isigaba esingasebenziyo sesi sifo, siqala, esibonakala ngokwanda kunye nefibrosis yodonga lonke lwemithambo.

Xa esi sifo siqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo inqabileyo kunqabile, i-fibrosis inokubunjwa ngokungafanelekanga, ibangele ukuceketheka kunye nokwenza buthathaka kwodonga lwe-arterial, kukhokelele ekubunjweni kwe-aneurysms.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lujolise kulawulo lomsebenzi wokudumba kwesi sifo kunye nokugcina imithambo yegazi, ukuthintela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide. Kwinqanaba lokudumba kwesi sifo, ugqirha unokumisela i-corticosteroids yomlomo, enje nge-prednisone, umzekelo, enokunceda ukunyanga iimpawu ngokubanzi kunye nokuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Xa isigulana singaphenduli kakuhle kwi-corticosteroids okanye sibuyela umva, ugqirha unokudibanisa i-cyclophosphamide, azathioprine okanye i-methotrexate, umzekelo.

Utyando lusetyenziselwa unyango oluncinci kwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwexinzelelo lwegazi, ischemia yobuchopho okanye ischemia eqatha yamalungu, i-aortic aneurysms kunye namasebe awo, ukubuyela kwakhona kwe-aortic kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba enze utyando.