Ulwahlulo Lwembefu

Umxholo

• Isifo sombefu esiphakathi
• Iimpawu
• Iphathwa njani?
• Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?
• Isifo sombefu esingapheliyo
• Iimpawu
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?
• Isifo sombefu esiqhubekayo
• Iimpawu
• Iphathwa njani?
• Isifo sombefu esingapheliyo
• Iimpawu
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Isifo sombefu yimeko yonyango ebangela ubunzima bokuphefumla. Obu bunzima bubangelwa kukuncipha komoya kunye nokudumba. Isifo sombefu sikhokelela kwimveliso yencindi kwiindlela zakho zomoya. Isifo sombefu sibangela ukuvutha, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nokukhohlela.

Isifo sombefu sinokuthamba kakhulu kwaye sidinga unyango oluncinci okanye asilufuni kwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba nzima kwaye kusongela ubomi. Iingcali zonyango zibeka i-asthma kwiindidi ezine ukusuka kwi-mild to severe. Ezi ntlobo zichazwe ngokuhamba rhoqo kunye nobukrakra beempawu zakho zesifuba.

Ezi ntlobo zibandakanya:

• Isifuba somzimba esiphakathi kancinci
• Isifo sombefu esiqhubekayo
• Isifo sombefu esiqhubekayo
• Isifo sombefu esingapheliyo

Isifo sombefu esiphakathi

Nge-asthma encinci, iimpawu zincinci. Olu luhlu luthetha ukuba uya kuba neempawu ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini ngeveki okanye ezimbini zobusuku ngenyanga. Olu hlobo lwesifuba aluhlali luthintela nayiphi na imisebenzi yakho kwaye lunokubandakanya isifo sombefu esenziwe ngumthambo.

Iimpawu

• ukubetha okanye ukubetha umlozi xa uphefumla
• ukukhohlela
• Iindlela zomoya ezidumbileyo
• ukukhula kwemifinya kwiindlela zomoya

Iphathwa njani?

Ngokwesiqhelo uya kufuna kuphela i-inhaler yokuhlangula ukunyanga le fomu iphantsi yesifuba. Awudingi amayeza emihla ngemihla kuba iimpawu zakho zivela ngamanye amaxesha. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza akho aya kuvavanywa ngokusekwe kuhlaselo lwakho olunzima xa lusenzeka. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okunyanga ukuba isifuba sakho sombefu sibangelwa kukwalisa komzimba.

Ukuba i-asthma yakho iyenziwa, ugqirha unokukuyalela ukuba usebenzise inhaler yakho yokuhlangula ngaphambi kokuzilolonga ukukhusela iimpawu.

Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?

Elona nani likhulu labantu abane-asthma bane-asthma encinci. Ukunyamezelana kancinci kunye nokuzingisa okuphantsi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zesifo sombefu. Isifo sombefu esibuhlungu kakhulu kunokwenzeka kunezinye iintlobo ukuba singanyangwa ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zithambile.

Zininzi izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo sombefu. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo sombefu
• ukutshaya okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya
• ukuba nezinto ezithile komzimba
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukubonakaliswa kukungcola okanye umsi
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza yasemsebenzini

Isifo sombefu esingapheliyo

Ukuba une-asthma eqhubekayo, iimpawu zakho zisabumnene kodwa zenzeka ngaphezulu kabini ngeveki. Kolu luhlu lohlobo, awunazo iimpawu ngaphezu kwesinye ngemini.

Iimpawu

• ukubetha okanye ukubetha umlozi xa uphefumla
• ukukhohlela
• Iindlela zomoya ezidumbileyo
• ukukhula kwemifinya kwiindlela zomoya
• ukuqina kwesifuba okanye iintlungu

Inyangwa njani?

Kule nqanaba le-asthma ugqirha wakho unokumisela idosi ephantsi ye-inhalled corticosteroid yeyeza. I-corticosteroid enganyangekiyo ithathwa ngokukhawuleza. Ihlala ithathwa yonke imihla. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-inhaler yokuhlangula ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba iimpawu zakho zisenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okunyanga ukuba isifuba sakho sombefu sibangelwa kukwalisa komzimba.

Kulabo bangaphezulu kweminyaka ye-5, umjikelo we-corticosteroids yomlomo nayo inokuthathelwa ingqalelo.

Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?

Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa naluphi na uhlobo lwesifuba ziquka:

• ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo sombefu
• ukutshaya okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya
• ukuba nezinto ezithile komzimba
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukubonakaliswa kukungcola okanye umsi
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza yasemsebenzini

Isifo sombefu esiqhubekayo

Nge-asthma engapheliyo iya kuba neempawu kanye ngosuku, okanye iintsuku ezininzi. Uya kuba neempawu ubuncinci ubusuku enye ngeveki.

Iimpawu

• ukubetha okanye ukubetha umlozi xa uphefumla
• ukukhohlela
• Iindlela zomoya ezidumbileyo
• ukukhula kwemifinya kwiindlela zomoya
• ukuqina kwesifuba okanye iintlungu

Iphathwa njani?

Isifo sombefu esiphakathi nesingagungqiyo, ugqirha wakho uhlala ekumisela idosi ephezulu kakhulu ye-inhalled corticosteroid esetyenziselwa i-asthma eqhubekayo. I-inhaler yokuhlangula iya kumiselwa nakuphi na ukuqala kweempawu. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okunyanga ukuba isifuba sakho sombefu sibangelwa kukwalisa komzimba.

Ii-corticosteroids zomlomo zinokongezwa kubantu abaneminyaka emi-5 nangaphezulu.

Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?

Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa naluphi na uhlobo lwesifuba ziquka:

• ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo sombefu
• ukutshaya okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya
• ukuba nezinto ezithile komzimba
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukubonakaliswa kukungcola okanye umsi
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza yasemsebenzini

Isifo sombefu esingapheliyo

Ukuba une-asthma engapheliyo, uya kuba neempawu amaxesha ngamaxesha emini. Ezi mpawu ziya kwenzeka phantse yonke imihla. Uya kuba neempawu ezininzi zobusuku ngeveki nganye. Isifuba se-asthma esingapheliyo asiphenduli kakuhle kumayeza nokuba sithathwa rhoqo.

Iimpawu

• ukubetha okanye ukubetha impempe xa uphefumla
• ukukhohlela
• Iindlela zomoya ezidumbileyo
• ukukhula kwemifinya kwiindlela zomoya
• ukuqina kwesifuba okanye iintlungu

Inyangwa njani?

Ukuba unesifo se-asthma esiqhubekayo, unyango lwakho luya kuba lukrakra kwaye lunokubandakanya ukuzama ukudibanisa amayeza ahlukeneyo kunye namayeza. Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenza ukufumana indibaniselwano ekunika ulawulo lweempawu zakho.

Amayeza asetyenzisiweyo aya kubandakanya:

• inhaled corticosteroids - ngedosi ephezulu kunezinye iintlobo zesifuba
• i-corticosteroids yomlomo- ngedosi ephezulu kunezinye iintlobo zesifuba
• inhaler yokuhlangula
• amayeza aya kuthi ancede ekulweni okanye ekubangeleni

Ngubani onokuba nololu hlobo?

Isifuba se-asthma esingapheliyo sinokuchaphazela naliphi na iqela leminyaka. Inokuqala njengolunye uhlobo lwesifuba kwaye iba nzima kamva. Inokuqala kwakhona ngokuqatha, nangona kwezi meko unokuba kwimeko enesifo sombefu ebingafunyaniswa ngaphambili. Isifuba se-asthma esingapheliyo sinokubangelwa sisifo sokuphefumla njenge-pneumonia. Utshintsho lwehomoni olunokubangela ukuqala kwesifuba. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo sombefu.

Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa naluphi na uhlobo lwesifuba ziquka:

• ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo sombefu
• ukutshaya okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya
• ukuba nezinto ezithile komzimba
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukubonakaliswa kukungcola okanye umsi
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza yasemsebenzini

Ukuthatha

Ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifuba, ukuzifundisa ngemeko yakho kubalulekile ekulawuleni iimpawu zakho. Wonke umntu onesifo sombefu kufuneka naye abe nesicwangciso sokusebenza sesifuba. Isicwangciso sokusebenza se-asthma siyaphuhliswa nogqirha wakho kwaye udwelise amanyathelo ekufuneka uwathathe xa uhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Kuba nesifo sombefu esinobulali sinakho ukwanda ngamandla, kuya kufuneka ulandele isicwangciso sonyango esikunikwa ngugqirha kwaye ujonge rhoqo.