Yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga ne-Asthma kuBantwana
Umxholo
- Iimpawu
- Abantwana abasakhasayo
- Abantwana abadala
- Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu
- Oonobangela
- Izinto ezibangela
- Uxilongo
- Unyango
- Unyango lwezonyango
- Unyango lwasekhaya
- Ukulungiselela njani
- Nini ukubona ugqirha
- Umgca wezantsi
Isifo sombefu yimeko yokuphefumla ebonakaliswa kukudumba komoya.
Ngokuka, i-asthma yimeko eqhelekileyo yobuntwana echaphazela malunga nezigidi ezi-6 zabantwana kwilizwe laseMelika.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sombefu, kubalulekile ukuba aziqonde izizathu zakhe kunye nokwenza isicwangciso sonyango lwexesha elide ukugcina imeko ilawulwa.
Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga yonke into oyifunayo malunga nesifuba kubantwana, kubandakanya iimpawu, izinto ezibangela, unyango kunye nokunye.
Iimpawu
Kunokuba nzima ukwahlula iimpawu zesifuba somntwana kwezinye iimeko zokuphefumla, ezinjengeentloko okanye isifuba esibandayo.
Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ze-asthma zihlala zingapheliyo kwaye zinokuchaphazela kakubi umgangatho wobomi bomntwana wakho.
Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zesifuba somntwana zibandakanya:
- ukukhohlela, okuba kubi ebusuku okanye xa egula umntwana wakho
- ukuvutha, okunokubonakala ngathi kukubetha impempe okanye isandi xa uphefumla
- ukuphefumla kancinci, nokuba umntwana wakho wenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iimpawu zesifo sombefu ezinokubonakala kokubini kubantwana abancinci nakwabadala.
Abantwana abasakhasayo
Abantwana abasoloko bekwazi ukunxibelelana xa bengaziva kakuhle, oko kuthetha ukuba kubalulekile ukuba abazali baqwalasele naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha. Kwiintsana ezinesifuba, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:
- ingxaki yokulala ebusuku
- ubunzima bokuphefumla ngexesha lokudlala
- ukudinwa, ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
- ukulibaziseka ukubuyisela kwizifo zokuphefumula
Abantwana abadala
Abantwana abadala banethuba elilula lokunxibelelana neempawu kubazali babo. Kubantwana abadala abane-asthma, ukongeza kwiimpawu ezingentla, banokuba namava:
- ukunqongophala kwamandla imini yonke
- ukuqina kwesifuba okanye izikhalazo zentlungu esifubeni
- ukukhohlela okungapheliyo ebusuku kuphela
Iimpawu zesifo sombefu ziyahluka ukusuka emntwaneni kuye emntwaneni.
Abanye abantwana baya kuba neempawu ezimbalwa apha ngasentla, ngelixa abanye banokubonisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuphefumla.
Kwabanye abantwana abane-asthma enzima, ukwanda kweempawu kunokukhokelela kuhlaselo lwesifuba.
Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu
Uhlaselo lwesifo sombefu ngokubanzi lubonakalisa ukwanda kweempawu zesifuba. Uhlaselo olubi lwe-asthma ebantwaneni lunokubonakala ngathi:
- ukuphefumla kakhulu
- Imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimilebe
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (hypotension)
- izinga eliphezulu okanye eliphantsi lentliziyo
- ukuphazamiseka okanye ukudideka
Uhlaselo olubi lwe-asthma ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala kunokubusongela ubomi kwaye lufuna unyango kwangoko.
Oonobangela
Ukukhula kwesifuba somntwana kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:
- Imfuza. Ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo se-asthma okanye i-allergies kuye kwabonisa ukonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifuba.
- Izifo zomzimba. Ukuba ne-allergies kunokunyusa umngcipheko womntwana wokuba nesifuba. Iimpawu zokwaliwa komzimba zinokulinganisa iimpawu zesifuba ebantwaneni.
- Usulelo. Ukuba nezifo zokuphefumla rhoqo kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lweempawu zesifuba kubantwana, ngakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5.
Eminye yemingcipheko yesifo se-asthma, njenge-allergies kunye nosulelo, inokubangela neempawu zesifuba kubantwana.
Izinto ezibangela
Kwabaninzi abantwana abane-asthma, kukho izinto ezithile "ezinokubangela" ezinokubangela ukwanda kweempawu okanye zikhokelele kuhlaselo lwesifuba. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zesifo sombefu zibandakanya:
- izifo zokuphefumla, ezinje ngengqele eqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane
- ukwenza umthambo, ingakumbi kwimozulu ebandayo, eyomileyo, okanye efumileyo
- umsi kunye nongcoliseko lomoya, icuba, imililo, kunye nongcoliseko loshishino
- Ukungabikho komzimba, ngakumbi kwizilwanyana, uthuli, ukungunda, kunye nezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo
Nje ukuba wazi ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sombefu, unokwenza uhlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuphila ukuze uncede umntwana wakho aziphephe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nayi imizekelo eliqela:
- Ukufundisa umntwana wakho ucoceko lomntu kungawunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo se-asthma esibangelwa ngumthambo, ukufumana unyango ukuze alawule imeko yakhe kunokunceda ukunciphisa umda kwixesha lokudlala, kwezemidlalo nakwezinye izinto abanokuzonwabisa ngazo.
- Ukugcina indlu yakho icocekile ngothuli, idander kunye nezinye izinto ezinokukunceda unganciphisi umngcipheko weempawu zesifuba.
Uxilongo
Ukuchonga isifo sombefu ebantwaneni kunokuba nzima, ngakumbi xa kunzima ukunxibelelana neempawu. Kukho izixhobo zokuchonga ugqirha womntwana wakho anokuzisebenzisa ukunciphisa uxilongo.
- Imbali yezonyango. Ugqirha wabantwana uya kwenza uphononongo olupheleleyo lwembali yezonyango yomntwana wakho. Baza kubuza malunga neempawu umntwana wakho abe nazo, ubude bezo mpawu, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko athe wafunyaniswa enazo.
- Igazi kunye nokuvavanywa komzimba. Ukuba ugqirha wabantwana womntwana wakho urhanela i-aleji, banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi okanye ulusu ukujonga amanqaku okumakisha. Banokukhetha ukwenza uvavanyo lokungafuneki komzimba, olunokuthi luncede ekuboneni ukuba ngaba izinto ezingalunganga zibangelwa ziimpawu zesifuba.
- I-x-ray yesifuba. Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokukhetha ukwenza i-X-ray yesifuba ukumisela ukuba iimpawu zibangelwa ziimeko ngaphandle kwesifuba. Isifuba X-ray ngamanye amaxesha sinokubonisa utshintsho kwiindlela zomoya ezibangelwa sisifo sombefu esibi.
Qaphela: Esinye sezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokuxilonga i-asthma kubantu abadala luvavanyo lwe-spirometry, olubandakanya ukusebenzisa i-spirometer ukujonga umsebenzi wamaphaphu.
Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo aluhlali lwenziwa kubantwana abancinci kuba banengxaki yokwenza uvavanyo njengoko kuyalelwe.
Unyango
Akukho lunyango lwesifuba. Kunoko, unyango lwe-asthma lujolise ekunciphiseni okanye ekupheliseni iimpawu zale meko kunye nokukhusela ukuvuvukala komoya okuqhubekayo.
Zombini zonyango kunye nezasekhaya zonyango ziyasebenza ekuncedeni ukulawula iimpawu zesifuba somntwana.
Unyango lwezonyango
Nokuba utshintshe indlela ophila ngayo, abanye abantwana baya kufuna amayeza okulawula iimpawu zesifuba. La mayeza e-asthma anokubandakanya:
- bronchodilators, Ngawaphi amayeza anceda ukukhulula iindlela zomoya kunye nokunyusa ukuhamba komoya.
- anti-ukudumba, ezinceda ukunciphisa ukudumba nokudumba komoya.
Iibronchodilators zihlala zisetyenziswa njengeendlela zokuhlangula ngokukhawuleza ukukhululeka kweempawu zesifuba.
La mayeza okunceda ngokukhawuleza, kubandakanya ne-beta agonists kunye ne-anticholinergics, aluncedo kakhulu ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kunye ne-flareups ebukhali.
I-anti-inflammatories zihlala zisetyenziswa njengamayeza e-asthma exesha elide ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa isidingo sonyango lokuhlangula.
La mayeza exesha elide, kubandakanya i-corticosteroids, kunye nokunye, kunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba okunokubangela iimpawu zesifuba.
Ngelixa uninzi lala mayeza lunokunikwa ngeendlela ezininzi, abantwana abancinci ngokubanzi baxhamla ekusebenziseni i-nebulizers kunye namayeza omlomo kunyango lwabo.
Abantwana abancinci banokunikwa amayeza ngokusebenzisa i-inhalers besebenzisa isixhobo sendawo kunye nesigqumathelo esifanelekileyo.
Unyango lwasekhaya
Kukho amanyathelo ambalwa onokuzama ngawo ekhaya nomntwana wakho ukunceda ukunciphisa uphawu lwe-asthma flare-ups.
- Isikhuphi msi ofumisayo. Ukuba umoya ekhaya lakho wome kakhulu, kunokubangela iimpawu zesifuba. Sebenzisa i-humidifier ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane negumbi lomntwana wakho ukugcina ukufuma okuhambelana phakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-50 yeepesenti. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlambulule i-humidifier rhoqo, ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.
- Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla. Ukuziqhelanisa nemithambo yokuphefumla nomntwana wakho kunokunceda ekuthinteleni i-hyperventilation xa iimpawu zisenyuka.
- Iioyile ezibalulekileyo. Olunye uphando lucebise ukuba ukusasaza iioyile ezifanelekileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukutsha komoya. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthe kratya luyafuneka ukumisela ukuba iioyile ezifanelekileyo zinganceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zesifuba, kwaye iioyile ezifanelekileyo azikhuthazwa ebantwaneni.
Ukulungiselela njani
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kunokoyikisa, kodwa kukho iindlela onokuthi uzilungiselele zona kunye nomntwana wakho.
Inyathelo lokuqala omele ukulithatha emva kokuba umntwana wakho efumaniswe ukuba une-asthma kukudala isicwangciso samanyathelo. Esi sicwangciso kufuneka sibandakanye ulwazi malunga:
- loluphi unyango oluthathwa ngumntwana wakho
- umntwana wakho uwasela kangaphi amayeza akhe
- uqaphela njani xa iimpawu zesifuba somntwana wakho ziya zisiba mandundu
- xa ilixesha lokuya esibhedlele
Amayeza okuhlangula angasetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwesifo se-asthma ukuvula i-airways. Umthamo umntwana wakho awufunayo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu unokwahluka, ke kubalulekile ukuba ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba lingakanani iyeza elifunekayo.
Ukuba akukho mayeza okuhlangula akhoyo okanye amayeza awancedi, kuya kufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko. Unokusebenzisa la manyathelo kunye nomntwana wakho:
- Hlala umntwana wakho ngokuthe tye ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Sebenzisa imithambo yokuphefumla ukubanceda bazinzise ukuphefumla kwabo.
- Thetha ngokuzolileyo, unike isandla esithuthuzelayo, kwaye uzame ukubagcina bezolile kangangoko.
Amanani aphuma kwi-CDC acebise ukuba phantse bonke abantwana abanesifuba baya kuba nokuhlaselwa sisifuba ngaxa lithile.
Ukuba nesicwangciso sokusebenza esilungeleyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuhlaselwa, kodwa elona nyathelo libalulekileyo kukugcina isifo sombefu somntwana wakho silawulwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuba unexhala lokuba isifo sombefu somntwana wakho asilawulwa kakuhle, unokuzuza ekusebenziseni uVavanyo loLawulo lwe-Asthma, olwenzelwe abantwana abaneminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-11 ubudala.
Eli phepha lemibuzo lisebenzisa inkqubo yokufumana amanqaku ukukunceda ubone ukuba isifo sombefu somntwana wakho siphantsi kolawulo. Amanqaku aphezulu, kokukhona anokulawulwa ngakumbi iimpawu zomntwana wakho.
Kubantwana, abaneminyaka eli-12 nangaphezulu ubudala, unokuxhamla ekusebenziseni uVavanyo loLawulo lwe-Asthma ™. Yenzelwe kwaye isebenza ngokufanayo kuvavanyo lobuntwana.
Nini ukubona ugqirha
Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho angabonakalisa iimpawu zesifuba somntwana, lixesha lokuba undwendwele ugqirha. Okukhona ulinde ukujongana neempawu zabo, kokukhona umntwana wakho esebungozini bokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu ukuba enyanisweni unesifuba.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene ukuba une-asthma, ungaqala inkqubo yonyango eya kuphucula zombini iimpawu zesifuba kunye nomgangatho wobomi bomntwana wakho.
Umgca wezantsi
Isifuba somntwana yenye yezona meko zixhaphakileyo zemiphunga kwihlabathi liphela. Iimpawu zesifo sombefu kubantwana zinokubandakanya:
- ukukhohlela
- ukuvutha
- ubunzima bokuphefumla
- ukuqina kwesifuba
Ukuchongwa kwesifuba somntwana kubandakanya uphononongo lwembali yezonyango kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, olunye uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo.
Ukhetho kunyango lwe-asthma lubandakanya amayeza exeshana kunye nexesha elide kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unempawu ze-asthma, cwangcisa ukutyelela kunye nodokotela wezilwanyana ukuze ufumane okungakumbi.