Atelectasis

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Oonobangela be-atelectasis yokuthintela
• Unobangela weatelectasis engonakalisiyo
• Ugqirha
• Ukuchithwa kwendalo
• Pneumothorax
• Umqala wemiphunga
• Ithumba lesifuba
• Ukusilela okumandla
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Unyango olungenasiphelo
• Unyango lotyando
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Yintoni iatelectasis?

Iindlela zakho zokuhamba ngomoya ziityhubhu ezihamba kuyo yonke imiphunga yakho. Xa uphefumla, umoya usuka kwindlela yomoya esemqaleni wakho, ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba ngumbhobho womoya, uye emiphungeni yakho. Iindlela zomoya ziyaqhubeka nokuhamba ngamasebe kwaye ziqhubeke zincinci zincinci de ziphele kwiisaka ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yialveoli.

Ialveoli yakho inceda ukutshintshisa ioksijini esemoyeni ngecarbon dioxide, imveliso yenkunkuma evela kwizicwili nakwizitho zakho. Ukwenza oku, i-alveoli yakho kufuneka igcwalise umoya.

Xa ezinye ze-alveoli yakho sukuyenza gcwalisa umoya, ubizwa ngokuba yi "atelectasis."

Kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esisisiseko, i-atelectasis inokubandakanya nokuba zincinci okanye zikhulu iipapu zakho.

I-Atelectasis yahlukile kwimiphunga ewayo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-pneumothorax). Umphunga owileyo wenzeka xa umoya ubambeka kwisithuba esiphakathi komphunga wakho kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba. Oku kubangela ukuba imiphunga yakho inciphe okanye, ekugqibeleni, iwe.

Ngelixa ezi meko zimbini zahlukile, i-pneumothorax inokukhokelela kwi-atelectasis kuba i-alveoli yakho iya kuthoba njengoko imiphunga yakho incipha.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi nge-atelectasis, kubandakanya neziphazamiso kunye nezizathu zayo zokungaphazamisi.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Iimpawu zoluhlu lwe-atelectasis ukusuka kwinto engekhoyo ukuya kwezibi kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bemiphunga yakho echaphazelekayo kunye nokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuphela zii-alveoli ezimbalwa ezibandakanyekileyo okanye ezenzeka kancinci, usenokungabi nazimpawu.

Xa i-atelectasis ibandakanya i-alveoli eninzi okanye iza ngokukhawuleza, kunzima ukufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo egazini lakho. Ukuba neoksijini ephantsi yegazi kunokukhokelela ku:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• iintlungu zesifuba esibukhali, ngakumbi xa uthatha umoya ophefumlayo okanye ukhohlela
• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• ulusu ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imilebe, iinzipho, okanye iinzwane

Ngamanye amaxesha, inyumoniya ikhula kwindawo echaphazelekayo yomphunga wakho. Xa oku kusenzeka, unokuba neempawu eziqhelekileyo zenyumoniya, njengokukhohlela okuvelisa, umkhuhlane, kunye nentlungu esifubeni.

Ibangelwa yintoni?

Izinto ezininzi zinokubangela i-atelectasis. Kuxhomekeka kwisizathu, i-atelectasis yahlulwe ngokokuthintela okanye ukungathinteli.

Oonobangela be-atelectasis yokuthintela

I-atelectasis yothintelo yenzeka xa ukubhloka kukhula kwindlela yakho yomoya. Oku kuthintela umoya ukuba ungafiki kwi-alveoli yakho, ke bayawa.

Izinto ezinokuthintela indlela yakho yomoya zibandakanya:

• inhalation yento yangaphandle, enje ngento yokudlala encinci okanye amaqhekeza amancinci okutya, kwindlela yomoya
• I-mucus plug (i-mucus eyakhiweyo) kwindlela yomoya
• ithumba elikhula ngaphakathi kwindlela yomoya
• ithumba kwithishu yemiphunga ecinezela kwindlela yomoya

Unobangela weatelectasis engonakalisiyo

I-atelectasis ye-nonobstructive ibhekisa kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-atelectasis olungabangelwa luhlobo oluthile lokuvaleka kwindlela yakho yomoya.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-atelectasis ezingabonakaliyo zibandakanya:

Ugqirha

I-Atelectasis inokwenzeka ngexesha okanye emva kwayo nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando. Ezi nkqubo zihlala zibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-anesthesia kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla olandelwa ngamayeza eentlungu kunye nokudambisa. Ngokudibeneyo, ezi zinokukwenza ukuphefumla kwakho kungabikho nzulu. Banokukwenza ukuba ungabinakho ukukhwehlela, nokuba ufuna ukufumana into emiphungeni yakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukungaphefumli ngokunzulu okanye ukungakhwehleli kunokubangela ukuba ezinye i-alveoli ziwe. Ukuba unenkqubo ezayo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko we-posturgical atelectasis. Isixhobo esiphathwayo esaziwa njengesixhobo sokukhuthaza inokusetyenziswa esibhedlele nasekhaya ukukhuthaza ukuphefumla okunzulu.

Ukuchithwa kwendalo

Olu ludibaniso lolwelo kwisithuba esiphakathi kwempahla engaphandle yemiphunga yakho kunye nodonga lwodonga lwesifuba sakho sangaphakathi. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi linings zimbini zisondelelene kakhulu, ezinceda ukugcina imiphunga yakho yandisiwe. Ukunyanzeliswa kwembumba kubangela ukuba ii-linings zahlukane kwaye ziphulukane nokunxibelelana. Oku kuvumela isicwili esoluliweyo emiphungeni yakho ukuba singene ngaphakathi, siqhube umoya ngaphandle kwe-alveoli yakho.

Pneumothorax

Oku kufana kakhulu nokuchithwa kwe-pleural kodwa kubandakanya ukwakhiwa komoya, kunokuba ulwelo, phakathi kwemigca yomphunga kunye nesifuba. Njengokuba unomphunga omdaka, oku kubangela ukuba izicwili zakho zemiphunga zingene ngaphakathi, ucudisa umoya kwi-alveoli yakho.

Umqala wemiphunga

Ukukhwabanisa kwemiphunga kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary fibrosis. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukusuleleka kwimiphunga yexesha elide, njengesifo sephepha. Ukuvezwa kwexesha elide kwizicaphukisi, kubandakanya umsi wecuba, nako kunokubangela. Olu nxunguphalo luhlala luhleli kwaye lwenza kube nzima ukuba i-alveoli yakho inyuse.

Ithumba lesifuba

Naluphi na uhlobo lobunzima okanye ukukhula okukufutshane nemiphunga yakho kunokubeka uxinzelelo kumphunga wakho. Oku kunokunyanzela umoya ukuba uphume kwi-alveoli yakho, ubangele ukuba baphume.

Ukusilela okumandla

I-Alveoli inento ekuthiwa yi-surfactant ebanceda bahlale bevulekile. Xa kuncinci kakhulu, i-alveoli iyawa. Ukusilela okungafunekiyo kuhlala kwenzeka kwiintsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwexesha.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ukuchonga i-atelectasis, ugqirha wakho uqala ngokujonga kwakhona imbali yakho yonyango. Bajonge naziphi na iimeko zangaphambili zemiphunga obukhe wanazo okanye naluphi na utyando lwamva nje.

Okulandelayo, bazama ukufumana umbono ongcono wokuba isebenza njani imiphunga yakho. Ukwenza oku, banokuthi:

• jonga inqanaba leoksijini yegazi lakhongeoximeter, isixhobo esincinci esilingana nesiphelo somnwe wakho
• uthathe igazi kumthambo, ihlala isesandleni sakho, kwaye ujonge ioksijini yayo, amanqanaba ecarbon diokside, kunye nekhemistri yegazi kuvavanyo lwegesi
• odola a X-reyi yesifuba
• odola a Ukuskena i-CT ukujonga usulelo okanye ukuvaleka, okufana nethumba emiphungeni yakho okanye kumoya womoya
• yenza bronchoscopy, kubandakanya ukufaka ikhamera, ebekwe esiphelweni setyhubhu ecekeceke, eguqukayo, ngeempumlo okanye emlonyeni nasemiphungeni yakho.

Inyangwa njani?

Ukunyanga i-atelectasis kuxhomekeke kwisizathu esingunobangela kunye nokuba zinzima kangakanani iimpawu zakho.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye uziva ngathi awufumani moya ngokwaneleyo, funa unyango kwangoko.

Ungaludinga uncedo lomatshini wokuphefumla de imiphunga yakho iphinde ibuye kwaye kunyangwe unobangela.

Unyango olungenasiphelo

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-atelectasis azidingi kutyando. Kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esisisiseko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa enye okanye indibaniselwano yonyango:

• I-physiotherapy yesifuba. Oku kubandakanya ukuhambisa umzimba wakho kwiindawo ezahlukileyo kunye nokusebenzisa ukucofa, ukungcangcazela, okanye ukunxiba ivesti eshukumayo ukukunceda ukhulule kwaye ukhuphe i-mucus. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa i-atelectasis yokuthintela okanye yokuhlinzwa. Olu unyango luhlala lusetyenziswa kubantu abane-cystic fibrosis ngokunjalo.
• Bronchoscopy. Ugqirha wakho unokufaka ityhubhu encinci ngeempumlo okanye emlonyeni kwimiphunga yakho ukuze ususe into yangaphandle okanye ucofe iplagi yencindi. Oku kunokusetyenziselwa ukususa isampulu yethishu kubunzima ukuze ugqirha wakho abone ukuba yintoni ebangela ingxaki.
• Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla. Ukuzivocavoca okanye izixhobo, ezinje nge-incentive spirometer, ekunyanzela ukuba uphefumle nzulu kwaye uncede ukuvula i-alveoli yakho. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kwi-posturgical atelectasis.
• Umjelo wamanzi. Ukuba i-atelectasis yakho ingenxa ye-pneumothorax okanye i-pleural effusion, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukhupha umoya okanye ulwelo esifubeni sakho. Ukususa ulwelo, baya kufaka inaliti ngomqolo wakho, phakathi kweembambo zakho, nakwipokotho yolwelo. Ukususa umoya, banokufuna ukufaka ityhubhu yeplastiki, ebizwa ngokuba yityhubhu yesifuba, ukususa umoya owongezelelweyo okanye ulwelo. Ityhubhu yesifuba inokufuna ukushiywa kangangeentsuku ezininzi kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.

Unyango lotyando

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, unokufuna ukuba indawo encinci okanye i-lobe yemiphunga isuswe. Oku kuhlala kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuzama zonke ezinye iindlela okanye kwiimeko ezibandakanya umphunga onomphelo ngokusisigxina.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

I-atelectasis emincinci kunqabile ukuba isongele ubomi kwaye ihlala ihamba ngokukhawuleza xa kusonjululwe unobangela.

I-Atelectasis echaphazela uninzi lwemiphunga yakho okanye eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza iphantse yabangelwa yimeko esongela ubomi, njengokuvaleka kwendlela enkulu yomoya okanye xa isixa esikhulu okanye ulwelo okanye umoya ucinezela omnye okanye yomibini imiphunga.