Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso: yintoni, izizathu kunye nendlela yokukhuthaza

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu
• Izizathu ezinokubakho zokulibaziseka kophuhliso
• Uluvuselela njani ukukhula
• Ukuzilolonga okunceda ukukhuthaza ukukhula komntwana

Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso lwe-neuropsychomotor kwenzeka xa umntwana engaqali ukuhlala, ukukhasa, ukuhamba okanye ukuthetha kwinqanaba elichazwe kwangaphambili, njengabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo. Eli gama lisetyenziswa ngugqirha wabantwana, i-physiotherapist, i-psychomotricist okanye i-Occupational Therapist xa kuqatshelwa ukuba umntwana akakafiki kwiiparamitha ezithile zophuhliso ezilindelweyo kwisigaba ngasinye.

Naluphi na umntwana unokufumana olunye uhlobo lokulibaziseka ekukhuleni, nokuba umfazi ukhulelwe ngendlela esempilweni, ukuzalwa ngaphandle kwengxaki, kwaye umntwana uphilile. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba oku kulibaziseka kophuhliso kuchaphazela abantwana ababeneengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kokubeleka okanye emva kokuzalwa.

Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu

Ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinokubonisa ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka okunokwenzeka kophuhliso zezi:

• I-Hypotonia: izihlunu ezibuthathaka kunye nokuma komzimba;
• Ubunzima bokubamba intloko kwiinyanga ezi-3;
• Akakwazi ukuhlala yedwa kwiinyanga ezi-6;
• Musa ukuqala ukukhasa phambi kweenyanga ezili-9;
• Musa ukuhamba wedwa ungekafiki iinyanga ezili-15 ubudala;
• Ukungakwazi ukutya wedwa kwiinyanga ezili-18;
• Musa ukuthetha ngaphezu kwamagama ama-2 ukwenza isivakalisi kwiinyanga ezingama-28;
• Musa ukulawula i-pee kunye ne-poop ngokupheleleyo emva kweminyaka emi-5.

Xa umntwana engaphambi kwexesha, "ubudala obulungisiweyo" ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-2 kufuneka kubalwe ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi lweziganeko zophuhliso. Oku kuthetha ukuba, kude kube yiminyaka emi-2, ukubala iminyaka ekufuneka ikhule ngayo ukukhula, umntu kufuneka athathele ingqalelo umzuzu xa umntwana eza kuba neeveki ezingama-40 ekhulelwe, endaweni yomhla wokuhanjiswa. Ke, kuyindalo ukuba amanqanaba okukhula enzeke kamva kusana ngaphambi kwexesha kunakwithuba lomntwana.

Umzekelo: umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kwiiveki ezingama-30 uneeveki ezili-10 ngaphantsi ko-40 oqhelekileyo. Ke, kumbuzo wokuvavanya ukukhula kwalo mntwana, kuya kufuneka usongeze iiveki ezili-10 kumhla oqikelelweyo kwinqanaba ngalinye lokukhula. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uzama ukuvavanya umzuzu xa kufuneka ubambe intloko yakho wedwa, oko kukuthi, malunga neenyanga ezi-3, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba olu sana luza kwenzeka kwiinyanga ezintathu nakwiiveki ezili-10.

Izizathu ezinokubakho zokulibaziseka kophuhliso

Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso lwe-neuropsychomotor kunokubangelwa ngenxa yotshintsho olunokwenzeka:

• Kwisenzo sokukhulelwa;
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukungondleki, izifo ezifana nerubella, umothuko;
• Ngexesha lokuhanjiswa;
• Utshintsho kwimfuza njengeDown's Syndrome;
• Emva kokuzalwa, njengokugula, ukwenzakala, ukungondleki, ukwenzakala entloko;
• Eminye imo yokusingqongileyo okanye yokuziphatha, njengokungondleki.

Usana oluzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha lunomngcipheko omkhulu wokulibaziseka ekukhuleni, kwaye kokukhona luzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kokukhona lukhona umngcipheko.

Abantwana abafunyaniswe benesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokulibaziseka kokukhula, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntwana onolibaziseko lokukhula onesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Uluvuselela njani ukukhula

Umntwana onolibaziseko lokukhula kufuneka enze i-physiotherapy, i-psychomotricity kunye neeseshoni zonyango emsebenzini qho ngeveki ade afikelele kwiinjongo ezinokuthi zihlale, zihambe, zitye zodwa, zikwazi ukugcina ucoceko lomntu. Ngexesha lothetha-thethwano, kwenziwa imithambo eyahlukeneyo, ngendlela edlalayo, yokunceda ukomeleza izihlunu, ukuma ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhuthaza umbono, nokunyanga ingcinga kunye nokubhloka, ukongeza kwizivumelwano kunye neziphene.

Ukuzilolonga okunceda ukukhuthaza ukukhula komntwana

Jonga le vidiyo ingezantsi ngokwenza umthambo onokuthi ukhuthaze umntwana:

Olu lonyango oluthatha ixesha ekufuneka luhlale iinyanga okanye iminyaka ade umntwana afikelele kwiiparameter anokuziphuhlisa. Kuyaziwa ukuba ii-syndromes zemfuza zinempawu zazo, kwaye umntwana onesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo akasakwazi ukuhamba yedwa, yiyo loo nto kuvavanyo ngalunye kufuneka lube ngumntu ngamnye, ukuze akwazi ukuvavanya into anayo umntwana kunye nokukhula kwakhe. amandla anokubakho kwaye ke zichaze iinjongo zonyango.

Ngokukhawuleza xa umntwana eqala unyango, iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono kwaye zikhawuleze, ngakumbi xa unyango luqalisiwe ngaphambi konyaka wokuqala wobomi.