Kunjani ukukhula komntwana ngaphambi kwexesha

Umxholo

• Ukukhula kweentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emibini
• Ukukhula kwangaphambili ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-2
• Umntwana ulaliswe esibhedlele ixesha elingakanani
• Iingxaki zempilo ezinokwenzeka

Umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ngulowo ozalelwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 zokumitha, kuba into efanelekileyo kukuba ukuzalwa kwenzeka phakathi kweeveki ezingama-38 nama-41. Ngaphambi kwexesha abantwana abasemngciphekweni omkhulu ngabo bazalwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-28 okanye abanobunzima bokuzalwa obungaphantsi kwe-1000g.

Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zincinci, zinobunzima obuphantsi, ziyaphefumla kwaye zitye ngobunzima kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe neengxaki zempilo, ezifuna ukuhlala esibhedlele de amalungu asebenze kakuhle, kuthintelwe iingxaki ekhaya kunye nokukhetha ukukhula kwazo.

Ukukhula kweentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emibini

Emva kokukhutshwa kunye nokutya okwaneleyo kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo ekhaya, umntwana kufuneka akhule ngokwesiqhelo elandela ipateni yakhe. Kuqhelekile kuye ukuba mncinci kancinci kwaye acekeceke kunabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo, njengoko elandela igophe lokukhula elilungele iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala, kufuneka usebenzise iminyaka ehlengahlengisiweyo yosana ukuvavanya ukukhula kwakhe, esenza umahluko phakathi kweeveki ezingama-40 (iminyaka eqhelekileyo ukuba izalwe) kunye nenani leeveki ngexesha lokuhanjiswa.

Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha wazalwa kwiiveki ezingama-30 zokukhulelwa, kuya kufuneka wenze umahluko phakathi kweeveki ezingama-40 ukuya kwezingama-30 = iiveki ezili-10, nto leyo ethetha ukuba usana luneeveki ezili-10 kuncinci kunabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka yakho. Ukwazi lo mahluko, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqonde ukuba kutheni iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zibonakala zincinci xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantwana.

Ukukhula kwangaphambili ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-2

Emva kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha uqala ukuvavanywa ngendlela efanayo nabantwana abazelwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, akusekho mfuneko yokubala iminyaka eguqulweyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zihlale zincinci kancinci kunabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo, njengoko into ebalulekileyo kukuba ziqhubeke nokukhula ngobude kwaye zityebe, nto leyo emele ukukhula okwaneleyo.

Umntwana ulaliswe esibhedlele ixesha elingakanani

Umntwana kuya kufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele ade afunde ukuphefumla nokuncancisa yedwa, atyebe ade afike kwi-2 kg ubuncinci kwaye kude kube amalungu akhe asebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Okukhona kuvela ngaphambi kwexesha, kokukhona kuya kubakho ubunzima kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide esibhedlele komntwana, kuyinto eqhelekileyo kuye ukuba ahlale esibhedlele iinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngeli xesha, kubalulekile ukuba umama aveze ubisi ukondla umntwana kwaye nosapho laziswe ngemeko yempilo yomntwana. Fumanisa okungakumbi malunga nokuba wenze ntoni ngelixa umntwana usesibhedlele.

Iingxaki zempilo ezinokwenzeka

Ubunzima bempilo yeentsana ngaphambi kwexesha bubunzima bokuphefumla, iingxaki zentliziyo, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, iingxaki zombono, isithulu, i-anemia, i-reflux kunye nosulelo emathunjini.

Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zisengozini yokuba neengxaki zempilo kunye nobunzima ekondleni kuba amalungu abo ebengenalo ixesha elaneleyo lokukhula ngokufanelekileyo. Jonga indlela ekufuneka ondiswe ngayo umntwana ngaphambi kwexesha.