Uvavanyo lwegazi lweBilirubin

Umxholo

• Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya i-bilirubin
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin lwenziwa njani?
• Ndilungiselela njani kuvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin?
• Buphi ubungozi bovavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin?
• Sisiphi isiphumo esiqhelekileyo kuvavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin?
• Izinto ezibangela iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga
• I-jaundice yabantwana
• Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin

Yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi ngebilirubin?

I-Bilirubin yi-pigment etyheli egazini lomntu wonke kunye nesitulo. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin lumisela amanqanaba e-bilirubin emzimbeni.

Ngamanye amaxesha isibindi asikwazi ukwenza i-bilirubin emzimbeni. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yokugqitha kwe-bilirubin, isithintelo, okanye ukudumba kwesibindi.

Xa umzimba wakho une-bilirubin eninzi, ulusu lwakho kunye namhlophe ngamehlo akho ziya kuqala ukuba tyheli. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-jaundice.

Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin luya kunceda ukumisela ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko.

I-Bilirubin yenziwa emzimbeni xa iproteni ye-hemoglobin ekwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala yaphuka. Ukonakala kweeseli ezindala yinkqubo eqhelekileyo, esempilweni.

Emva kokujikeleza egazini lakho, i-bilirubin emva koko iya kwisibindi sakho.

Kwisibindi, i-bilirubin iyacutshungulwa, ixutywe kwi-bile, ize ikhutshwe kwimibhobho ye-bile kwaye igcinwe kwi-gallbladder yakho.

Ekugqibeleni, inyongo ikhutshwa iye emathunjini amancinci ukunceda ukwetyisa amafutha. Ekugqibeleni ikhutshiwe ngaphakathi kwesitulo sakho.

I-Bilirubin eqhotyoshelwe sisibindi kwi-acid ye-glucuronic, i-asidi efumaneka kwiswekile, ibizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo, okanye edibeneyo. I-Bilirubin engaqhotyoshelwanga kwi-acid ye-glucuronic ibizwa ngokuba ngokungathanga ngqo, okanye ngokungangqinelaniyo, i-bilirubin. Yonke i-bilirubin esegazini lakho kunye ibizwa ngokuba yitilirubin iyonke.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin olubanzi luya kufumana ubalo oluchanekileyo lwamanqanaba amathathu e-bilirubin egazini lakho: ngqo, ngokungathanga ngqo, kunye netotali.

Kubantu abadala nakubantwana, iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-bilirubin ephezulu inokubandakanya i-jaundice, ukutyheli kwesikhumba okanye amehlo, ukudinwa, ulusu olurhawuzayo, umchamo omnyama, kunye nokutya okuphantsi.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya i-bilirubin

Ukuba i-bilirubin ayiqhotyoshelwanga kwi-asidi eyenziwe ngeglucose (edibeneyo) esibindini okanye ayisuswanga ngokwaneleyo egazini, oko kunokuthetha ukuba kukho umonakalo kwisibindi sakho.

Ukuvavanya i-bilirubin egazini yindlela elungileyo yokuvavanya ukonakala kwesibindi.

I-jaundice emnene kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa inokubangelwa lutshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwimetabolism ye-bilirubin, okanye inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwengxaki yonyango.

Ukuba inqanaba lokuzalwa liphezulu kakhulu, igazi losana linokuvavanywa amatyeli aliqela kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi babo ukujonga ukusebenza kwesibindi. IJaundice kusana olusandul 'ukuzalwa inokuba mandundu kwaye isongele ubomi ukuba ayinyangwa.

Esinye isizathu samanqanaba aphezulu ebilirubin inokuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zonakaliswa kunokuba ziqhelekile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yihemolysis.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-bilirubin ilinganiswa njengenxalenye ye "iphaneli" yeemvavanyo. Rhoqo, isibindi sivavanywa kunye neqela leemvavanyo ezibandakanya:

• i-alanine transaminase
• i-aspartate aminotransferase
• i-alkaline phosphatase
• ialbin
• protein iyonke

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin lwenziwa njani?

Inani elincinci legazi lakho liyafuneka ukwenza olu vavanyo. Isampulu yegazi ifunyanwa ngokusebenzisa i-venipuncture: Inaliti ifakwa emthanjeni ngesikhumba engalweni okanye esandleni sakho, kwaye inani elincinci legazi liqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo.

Ndilungiselela njani kuvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin?

Kolu vavanyo, kuya kufuneka ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi iiyure ezine ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo. Ungasela isixa sakho samanzi esiqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uye kwilabhoratri okanye kwindawo yokuqokelela.

Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza athile ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo, kodwa kuphela ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba wenze njalo.

Imizekelo yeziyobisi ezinokuchaphazela amanqanaba e-bilirubin zibandakanya i-antibiotics efana ne-penicillin G, i-sedatives efana ne-phenobarbital, i-diuretics efana ne-furosemide (Lasix), kunye namayeza e-asthma afana ne-theophylline.

Zininzi ezinye iziyobisi ezinokuchaphazela amanqanaba ebilirubin. Thetha nogqirha wakho phambi kovavanyo lwakho ukuze ubone ukuba kuya kufuneka uyeke okanye uqhubeke nokusela amayeza.

Buphi ubungozi bovavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin?

Xa igazi liqokelelwa, ungaziva kancinci iintlungu eziphakathi okanye ukubamba kancinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ikhutshiwe, unokuziva unethontsi.

Uya kuyalelwa ukuba ufake uxinzelelo kwindawo apho inaliti yangena kulusu lwakho. Ibhandeji iya kubekwa phezu kwesiza. Gcina le bhandeji okungenani imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20.

Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukusebenzisa ingalo ukuphakamisa okunzima kulo lonke usuku.

Kukho umngcipheko onqabileyo wokuthatha isampulu yegazi:

• intloko elula okanye etyhafayo
• hematoma, ukugruzuka apho igazi liqokelela khona phantsi kolusu
• usulelo, luhlala luthintelwa xa ulusu lucocwa ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe inaliti
• ukopha kakhulu, okanye ukopha ixesha elide emva koko, okunokubonisa imeko yokopha kakhulu kwaye kufuneka uxelwe kugqirha wakho

Sisiphi isiphumo esiqhelekileyo kuvavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin?

Kumntwana omdala okanye umntu omdala, amaxabiso aqhelekileyo e-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo avela kwi-0-0.4 milligrams ngedesilitha nganye (mg / dL). Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-bilirubin iyonke ivela kwi-0.3-1.0 mg / dL.

Inqanaba le-bilirubin engathanga ngqo kwigazi liglowubini iyonke thabatha amanqanaba e-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo kwigazi. Ukongeza, uluhlu lweereferensi oluqhelekileyo luyahlukahluka kwilebhu ukuya kwelebhu.

Kusana olusandul 'ukuzalwa, i-bilirubin ephezulu iqhelekile ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokuzalwa. I-bilirubin eqhelekileyo engathanga ngqo iya kuba phantsi kwe-5.2 mg / dL kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala zokuzalwa. Kodwa iintsana ezininzi ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zinohlobo oluthile lwe-jaundice kunye namanqanaba e-bilirubin aphakama ngaphezulu kwe-5 mg / dL kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.

Izinto ezibangela iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza olunye uvavanyo lwegazi okanye i-ultrasound ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin afunyenwe egazini lakho. Kubantu abadala, i-bilirubin ephezulu inokubangelwa ziingxaki zesibindi, i-bile ducts, okanye i-gallbladder. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• izifo zesibindi, njenge-hepatitis
• Isifo sikaGilbert, isifo semfuza
• i-cirrhosis, enesiva esibindini
• uzinzo lwe-biliary, apho inxenye yendlela ye-bile imxinwa kakhulu ukuvumela ukuba ulwelo ludlule
• umhlaza we-gallbladder okanye i-pancreas
• ngamatye enyongo
• Ityhefu yeziyobisi

I-bilirubin ephezulu isenokuba ngenxa yeengxaki ezisegazini endaweni yeengxaki ezisesibindi. Iiseli zegazi ezophukayo ngokukhawuleza kunokubangelwa:

• I-hemolytic anemia: Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli ezininzi zegazi zitshatyalaliswa sisifo sokuzimela, isiphene semfuza, ityhefu yeziyobisi, okanye usulelo, kwaye isibindi asikwazi ukuhambisa isixa se-bilirubin engathanga ngqo emzimbeni.
• Impendulo yotofelo-gazi: Oku kwenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba ehlasela igazi owawunikwe utofelo-gazi.

I-jaundice yabantwana

Kwintsana, i-bilirubin ephezulu kunye ne-jaundice inokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye inokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo:

• i-jaundice yomzimba: kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine emva kokuzalwa, kubangelwa kukulibaziseka okufutshane ekusebenzeni kwesibindi kwaye kuhlala kungabalulekanga
• ukuncancisa ijundisi: ngeveki yokuqala yobomi, ebangelwa lusana olungancancisi kakuhle okanye ubisi oluncinci kunina
• ubisi lwebele i-jaundice: emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zobomi, ezibangelwa kukwenziwa kwezinto ezithile kubisi lwebele

Zonke ezi zinokunyangwa ngokulula kwaye zihlala zingenabungozi xa zinyangwa. Ezinye zeemeko ezinzulu ezibangela i-bilirubin ephezulu kunye ne-jaundice kwiintsana zibandakanya:

• iimilo zeseli zegazi ezingaqhelekanga, ezinjengearheng cell anemia
• Ukungahambi kakuhle kohlobo lwegazi phakathi kosana nomama, kukhokelela ekonakaleni kakhulu kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi lomntwana, ekuthiwa yi-erythroblastosis fetalis
• ukunqongophala kweeproteni ezithile ezibalulekileyo ngenxa yeziphene zemfuza
• ukugruzuka ngenxa yokuhanjiswa nzima
• amanqanaba aphezulu eeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngenxa yesayizi encinci, prematurity
• usulelo

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lwegazi le-bilirubin

Ukuba iimvavanyo zakho zegazi zibonisa amanqanaba aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga e-bilirubin, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukumisela unobangela.

Nje ukuba ugqirha wakho amisele unobangela wamanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin, kungafuneka uthathe uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin ngaphezulu ukuze uhlole ukusebenza konyango lwakho.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba isibindi sakho okanye i-gallbladder isenokungasebenzi kakuhle, banoku-odola iimvavanyo zokucinga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo.