Umhlaza wesinyi

Umxholo

• Iindidi zomhlaza wesinyi
• Inguqu yeselcinoma
• I-squamous cell carcinoma
• Adenocarcinoma
• Ziintoni iimpawu zomhlaza wesinyi?
• Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wesinyi?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni womhlaza wesinyi?
• Ufunyanwa njani umhlaza wesinyi?
• Unyangwa njani umhlaza wesinyi?
• Unyango lwenqanaba 0 kunye nenqanaba 1
• Unyango lwenqanaba 2 kunye nenqanaba 3
• Unyango lwenqanaba 4 lomhlaza wesinyi
• Ithini imbono yabantu abanomhlaza wesinyi?
• Uthintelo
• Q:
• A:

Yintoni umhlaza wesinyi?

Umhlaza wesinyi uvela kwizicwili zesinyi, elilungu lomzimba eligcina umchamo. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke, malunga nama-45,000 amadoda kunye nabasetyhini abayi-17,000 ngonyaka abafunyaniswa benesi sifo.

Iindidi zomhlaza wesinyi

Zintathu iintlobo zomhlaza wesinyi:

Inguqu yeselcinoma

Inguqu yeseli carcinoma lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesinyi. Iqala kwiiseli zotshintsho kumaleko wangaphakathi wesinyi. Iiseli zotshintsho ziiseli ezitshintsha imilo ngaphandle kokonakala xa izicwili zisolulwa.

I-squamous cell carcinoma

I-squamous cell carcinoma ngumhlaza onqabileyo e-United States. Iqala xa iiseli ezinqinileyo, ezicabaleleyo zakha kwisinyi emva kosulelo lwexesha elide okanye ukucaphuka kwisinyi.

Adenocarcinoma

I-Adenocarcinoma ikwangumhlaza onqabileyo eMelika. Iqala xa iiseli zedlala zibumba kwisinyi emva kokucaphuka kwexesha elide kunye nokudumba. Iiseli ze-glandular zezona zakha i-mucus-secreting glands emzimbeni.

Ziintoni iimpawu zomhlaza wesinyi?

Abantu abaninzi abanomhlaza wesinyi banokuba negazi kumchamo wabo kodwa akukho ntlungu xa uchama. Kukho inani leempawu ezinokuthi zibonise umhlaza wesinyi njengokukhathala, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye nokuthamba kwethambo, kwaye ezi zinokubonisa isifo esithe kratya. Kufuneka uhlawule ngakumbi kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• igazi kumchamo
• ukuchama kabuhlungu
• ukuchama rhoqo
• ukuchama okungxamisekileyo
• ukungabikho komchamo
• iintlungu kwindawo esiswini
• iintlungu kumqolo osezantsi

Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wesinyi?

Oyena nobangela womhlaza wesinyi awaziwa. Kwenzeka xa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zikhula kwaye zanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingalawuleki, kwaye zihlasele ezinye izicwili.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni womhlaza wesinyi?

Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesinyi. Ukutshaya kubangela isiqingatha sayo yonke imihlaza yomhlaza wesinyi kumadoda nabasetyhini. Ezi zinto zilandelayo zikwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesinyi:

• ukubonakaliswa kwimichiza ebangela umhlaza
• usulelo olungapheliyo lwesinyi
• ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aphantsi
• ukuba yindoda
• ukuba mhlophe
• Ukuba mdala, kuba uninzi lomhlaza wesinyi luvela kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55
• ukutya ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu
• ukuba nembali yosapho yomhlaza wesinyi
• ukufumana unyango lwangaphambili ngechiza lechemotherapy elibizwa ngokuba yiCytoxan
• Unyango lwangaphambili lwemitha ukunyanga umhlaza kwindawo ye-pelvic

Ufunyanwa njani umhlaza wesinyi?

Ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa umhlaza wesinyi usebenzisa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lokuchama
• Uviwo lwangaphakathi, olubandakanya ugqirha ukufaka iminwe egluvu kwilungu lakho lobufazi okanye kwi-rectum ukuze uve amaqhuma angabonisa ukukhula komhlaza.
• icystoscopy, ebandakanya ugqirha ukufaka ityhubhu emxinwa enekhamera encinci kuyo ngokusebenzisa urethra ukubona ngaphakathi kwesinyi sakho
• i-biopsy apho ugqirha wakho afaka isixhobo esincinci kwi-urethra yakho kwaye uthathe isampulu encinci yeethishu kwisinyi sakho ukuvavanya umhlaza.
• Iskena se-CT ukujonga isinyi
• ipyramogram efakwa ngaphakathi (IVP)
• X-reyi

Ugqirha wakho unokulinganisa umhlaza wesinyi ngenkqubo yokuhamba ehamba ukusuka kumanqanaba 0 ukuya ku-4 ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani. Amanqanaba omhlaza wesinyi athetha oku kulandelayo:

• Inqanaba 0 umhlaza wesinyi awuzange usasazeke ngaphaya komtya wesinyi.
• Isigaba 1 somhlaza wesinyi usasazeke ngaphaya komgubo wesinyi, kodwa awukafikeleli kwimaleko yesihlunu esinyini.
• Isigaba 2 somhlaza wesinyi usasazeke kumaleko esihlunu kwisinyi.
• Inqanaba 3 umhlaza wesinyi usasazeke kwizicubu ezijikeleze isinyi.
• Inqanaba lesine umhlaza wesinyi sele usasazekile wasigqitha isinyi kwiindawo ezikufutshane zomzimba.

Unyangwa njani umhlaza wesinyi?

Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenza nawe ukuba athathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi unyango olunokubonelela ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wesinyi, iimpawu zakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Unyango lwenqanaba 0 kunye nenqanaba 1

Unyango lwenqanaba 0 kunye nenqanaba 1 lomhlaza wesinyi ungabandakanya utyando lokususa ithumba kwisinyi, ichemotherapy, okanye i-immunotherapy, ebandakanya ukuthatha iyeza elibangela amajoni akho omzimba ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza.

Unyango lwenqanaba 2 kunye nenqanaba 3

Unyango lwenqanaba 2 kunye nenqanaba 3 lomhlaza wesinyi unokubandakanya:

• ukususwa kwenxalenye yesinyi ukongeza kwi-chemotherapy
• ukususwa kwesinyi sonke, eyi-cystectomy enkulu, kulandele utyando ukwenza indlela entsha yomchamo yokuphuma emzimbeni
• i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, okanye i-immunotherapy enokwenziwa ukunciphisa ithumba ngaphambi kotyando, ukunyanga umhlaza xa utyando lungelilo ukhetho, ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezisele emva kotyando, okanye ukunqanda umhlaza ukuba ungaphindi

Unyango lwenqanaba 4 lomhlaza wesinyi

Unyango lwenqanaba 4 lomhlaza wesinyi unokubandakanya:

• ichemotherapy ngaphandle kotyando ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi
• i-cystectomy enkulu kunye nokususwa kwe-lymph node ezijikelezileyo, kulandelwa utyando ukwenza indlela entsha yomchamo yokuphuma emzimbeni
• i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, kunye ne-immunotherapy emva kotyando ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezisele okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi
• iziyobisi zonyango

Ithini imbono yabantu abanomhlaza wesinyi?

Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi eziguqukayo, kubandakanya uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, iminyaka emihlanu yokusinda ngokwamanqanaba yile ilandelayo:

• Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda kubantu abanesifo somhlaza wesigaba se-0 sisondele kuma-98 ekhulwini.
• Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda kwabantu abanesifo somhlaza wesigaba 1 sijikeleze iipesenti ezingama-88.
• Inqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kubantu abanesifo somhlaza webala lesibini lijikeleze iipesenti ezingama-63.
• Inqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kubantu abanesifo somhlaza webala lesithathu lijikeleze iipesenti ezingama-46.
• Inqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kubantu abanesifo somhlaza webala lesine lijikeleze iipesenti ezili-15.

Kukho unyango olufumanekayo kuwo onke amanqanaba. Kwakhona, amazinga okusinda awahlali exelela lonke ibali kwaye akakwazi ukuqikelela ikamva lakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nayiphi na imibuzo okanye inkxalabo onokuba unayo malunga nokuchongwa kunye nonyango lwakho.

Uthintelo

Ngenxa yokuba oogqirha abakayazi ukuba yintoni ebangela umhlaza wesinyi, inokungathinteleki kuzo zonke iimeko. Ezi zinto zilandelayo kunye nokuziphatha kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesinyi:

• engatshayi
• ukunqanda umsi wecuba
• ukuphepha ezinye iikhemikhali ze-carcinogenic
• ukusela amanzi amaninzi

Q:

Lithini ifuthe lonyango lomhlaza wesinyi kwezinye iinkqubo zomzimba, ezinje ngokuhamba kwamathumbu?

A:

Impembelelo yonyango lomhlaza wesinyi kwezinye iinkqubo zomzimba ziyahluka ngonyango olufunyenweyo. Umsebenzi wezesondo, ngakumbi ukuveliswa kwesidoda, unokuchaphazeleka yi-cystectomy enkulu. Ukonakaliswa kwemithambo-luvo kwindawo ye-pelvic ngamanye amaxesha kunokuchaphazela ukulungiswa. Ukuhamba kwamathumbu akho, njengobukho besifo sohudo, kunokuchaphazeleka ngonyango lwe-radiation kwindawo. -Iqela lezeMpilo kwezeMpilo