Oko Ufanele Ukwazi Ngokukhupha isilonda

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zesilonda?
• Yintoni ebangela izilonda?
• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)
• Izinto ezinobungozi ezongezelelweyo
• Yintoni unyango lwezilonda?
• Ukuchacha kwisilonda
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho?
• Imbonakalo
• Iintsomi zesilonda esikhuthazayo

Izilonda zokopha

Izilonda zepeptic zizilonda ezivulekileyo kwindawo yokugaya ukutya. Xa zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwesisu sakho, zikwabizwa ngokuba zizilonda zesisu. Xa zifunyenwe kwinxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu akho amancinci, zibizwa ngokuba zizilonda zesisu.

Abanye abantu abazi nokuba banesilonda. Abanye baneempawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo kunye neentlungu esiswini. Izilonda zinokuba yingozi kakhulu xa zitshabalalisa amathumbu okanye zopha kakhulu (zikwabizwa ngokuba ligazi).

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngeempawu kunye nonyango lwezilonda, kunye nokufumanisa iintsomi ezimbalwa zesilonda.

Ziintoni iimpawu zesilonda?

Izilonda azisoloko zibangela iimpawu. Ngapha koko, malunga nekota enye kuphela yabantu abanezilonda ezinamava. Ezinye zeempawu zibandakanya:

• intlungu zesisu
• ukudumba okanye ukuziva ugcwele
• ukubhinqa
• isilungulela
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha

Iimpawu zinokwahluka kancinci kumntu ngamnye. Kwezinye iimeko, ukutya isidlo kunokunciphisa intlungu. Kwabanye, ukutya kuphela kwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi.

Isilonda sinopha ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba ungasiqapheli. Iimpawu zokuqala zesilonda esopha kancinci ziimpawu zeanemia, ezibandakanya:

• umbala olusu oluthuthu
• ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nokusebenza komzimba
• ukunqongophala kwamandla
• ukudinwa
• intloko elula

Isilonda esopha kakhulu sinokubangela:

• isitulo esimnyama kunye nesincangathi
• Igazi elibomvu elimnyama okanye imaroni embala kwisitulo sakho
• ukugabha okunegazi kunye nokuhambelana kwendawo yekhofi

Ukopha ngokukhawuleza kwilonda sisiganeko esisongela ubomi. Ukuba unayo le mpawu, khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni ebangela izilonda?

Kukho umaleko wencindi kwindawo yakho yokwetyisa enceda ukukhusela amathumbu emathunjini. Xa kukho i-asidi eninzi okanye ingekho ngokwaneleyo i-mucus, i-acid ikhukulisa umphezulu wesisu sakho okanye amathumbu amancinci. Isiphumo sisifo esivulekileyo esinokuopha.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka le nto ayinakuhlala ichazwa. Oonobangela ababini abaqhelekileyo zezi Helicobacter pylori kunye neziyobisi ezichasayo ezingasebenziyo.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)

H. pylori yibacteria ehlala ngaphakathi kwi-mucus kwindawo yokugaya ukutya. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukudumba esiswini, okukhokelela kwisilonda. Umngcipheko unokuba mkhulu ukuba wosulelekile H. pylori nawe ke uyatshaya.

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)

La mayeza enza kube nzima kwisisu sakho kunye namathumbu amancinci ukuzikhusela kwisisu esiswini. Ii-NSAID zikwanciphisa ukubanakho kwegazi ekuzimeni, ezinokwenza isilonda esophayo sibe yingozi ngakumbi.

Iziyobisi kweli qela zibandakanya:

• I-aspirin (iBayer Aspirin, iBufferin)
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• ketorolac (Acular, Acuvail)
• I-naproxen (iAleve)
• oxaprozin (iDaypro)

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) ayisiyi-NSAID.

I-NSAIDS ikwabandakanyiwe kudibaniso oluthile lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isisu okanye ukubanda. Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza amaninzi, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba uthatha ii-NSAID ezininzi kunokuba ubona.

Umngcipheko wokukhula kwesilonda esibangelwa zii-NSAID mkhulu ukuba:

• thatha idosi ephezulu kunesiqhelo
• zithathe rhoqo
• usele utywala
• ngabantu abadala
• sebenzisa ii-corticosteroids
• ndandinezilonda ngaphambili

Izinto ezinobungozi ezongezelelweyo

I-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome yenye yeemeko ezinokukhokelela kwizilonda. Ibangela i-gastrinomas, okanye amathumba eeseli ezivelisa i-asidi esiswini sakho, ebangela i-asidi eninzi.

Olunye uhlobo olunqabileyo lwesilonda kuthiwa yiCameron’s ulcer. Ezi zilonda zenzeka xa umntu enendawo enkulu yokubeleka kwaye ihlala ibangela ukopha kwe-GI.

Yintoni unyango lwezilonda?

Ukuba uneempawu zezilonda, jonga ugqirha wakho. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokuthintela ukopha kakhulu kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Izilonda zihlala zichongwa emva kwe-endoscopy ephezulu ye-GI (EGD okanye esophagogastroduodenoscopy). I-endoscope yityhubhu ende eguquguqukayo enokukhanya kunye nekhamera ekugqibeleni. Umbhobho ufakwa emqaleni wakho, emva koko uye kwi-esophagus, isisu, kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci. Funda indlela yokulungiselela i-endoscopy apha.

Ngokubanzi kwenziwa njengenkqubo yezigulana ezingalaliswayo, ivumela ugqirha ukuba afumane kwaye achonge iingxaki esiswini nasemathunjini aphezulu.

Izilonda zokopha kufuneka zijongane ngokukhawuleza, kwaye unyango lungaqala ngexesha le-endoscopy yokuqala. Ukuba ukopha kwizilonda kufunyenwe ngexesha le-endoscopy, ugqirha unako:

• tofa amayeza ngqo
• cauterize isilonda siyeke ukopha
• cima isitya esophayo

Ukuba unesilonda, uya kuvavanywa H. pylori. Oku kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa isampulu yethishu ethathwe ngexesha le-endoscopy. Inokufezekiswa kuvavanyo olungafunekiyo olunje ngesampula yestool okanye uvavanyo lokuphefumla.

Ukuba unale ntsholongwane, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nezinye iziyobisi zinokunceda ekulweni neebhaktiriya kwaye zinciphise iimpawu. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uyayisusa, kuya kufuneka ugqibe ukuthatha amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe, nokuba iimpawu zakho ziyayeka.

Izilonda zinyangwa ngamachiza okuthintela iasidi ekuthiwa ziiproton pump inhibitors (PPIs) okanye iiH2 blocker. Banokuthathwa ngomlomo, kodwa ukuba unesilonda esophayo, banokuthathwa ngenxeba. Izilonda zeCameron zihlala zinyangwa nge-PPIs, kodwa ukulungisa i-hernia yokubeleka.

Ukuba izilonda zakho ziziphumo zokuthatha ii-NSAID ezininzi, sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana elinye iyeza ukunyanga iintlungu.

Ama-anti-anti-counter-counter-counter athengisa iimpawu. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kulungile na ukuthatha ii-antacids.

Ukuchacha kwisilonda

Kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza ubuncinci iiveki ezimbalwa. Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuthatha ii-NSAID ukuya phambili.

Ukuba unezilonda ezophayo kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza enye i-endoscopy ngomhla wamva ukuze aqiniseke ukuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo kwaye awunazo izilonda.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho?

Isilonda esinganyangekiyo esidumbisayo okanye esinamava sinokuthintela ukwetyisa kwakho. Inokugcwalisa isisu sakho okanye amathumbu amancinci, ichaphazele isisu sakho esiswini. Oko kubangela imeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-peritonitis.

Isilonda esophayo sinokukhokelela kwi-anemia, ukugabha kwegazi, okanye izitulo ezinegazi. Isilonda esophayo sidla ngokubangela ukuhlala esibhedlele. Ukopha okungaphakathi ngaphakathi kusongela ubomi. Ukugqobhoza okanye ukopha ngokunzulu kunokufuna ungenelelo lotyando.

Imbonakalo

Izilonda zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo, kwaye uninzi lwabantu luphilisa kakuhle. Xa uphathwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye namanye amayeza, inqanaba lempumelelo liipesenti ezingama-80 ukuya kuma-90.

Unyango luya kusebenza kuphela ukuba uthatha onke amayeza akho njengoko kumiselwe. Ukutshaya kunye nokuqhubeka nokusetyenziswa kwee-NSAID kuya kuthintela ukuphilisa. Kwakhona, ezinye iintlobo ze H. pylori ziyanyangeka zintsholongwane, ziyenza nzima imbonakalo yakho yexesha elide.

Ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yesilonda esophayo, inqanaba leentsuku ezingama-30 lokufa malunga. Ubudala, ukuphuma kwegazi okuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nokuqina komzimba zizinto ezisisiphumo. Uqikelelo oluphambili lokufa kwexesha elide lubandakanya:

• iminyaka emidala
• comorbidity
• Anemia kakhulu
• ukusetyenziswa kwecuba
• ukuba yindoda

Iintsomi zesilonda esikhuthazayo

Zininzi iinkcukacha ezingezizo malunga nezilonda, kubandakanywa nezizathu zazo. Ixesha elide, bekucingelwa ukuba izilonda zibangelwa:

• uxinzelelo
• ixhala
• ixhala
• ukutya okunotyebileyo
• ukutya okunesonka okanye okuneasidi

Abantu abanezilonda bacetyiswa ukuba benze utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila njengokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokwamkela ukutya okungenamdla.

Yatshintsha nini H. Pylori kwafunyanwa ngo-1982. Oogqirha ngoku bayaqonda ukuba ngelixa ukutya nendlela yokuphila inokucaphukisa izilonda ezikhoyo kwabanye abantu, ngokubanzi azizibangeli izilonda. Ngelixa uxinzelelo lunokunyusa iasidi yesisu ethi yona icaphukise isifo esiswini, uxinzelelo kunqabile ukuba ngoyena nobangela wesilonda. Ukwahluka kubantu abagula kakhulu, njengaleyo ikwisibhedlele esikhathalela kakhulu.

Enye intsomi ende kukuba ukusela ubisi kulungele izilonda. Oko kunokuba ngenxa yokuba ubisi lutyabeka isisu sakho kwaye lunciphisa iintlungu zesilonda, ubuncinci okwexeshana. Ngelishwa, ubisi lukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeasidi kunye neencindi zokwetyisa, ezenza ukuba izilonda zibe mandundu.