Kutheni iinzwane zam ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Umxholo

• I-hematoma engaphantsi
• Imozulu ebandayo
• ICyanosis
• Into kaRaynaud
• Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi
• Umbala oluhlaza
• Argyria
• Isifo sikaWilson
• Yise kude

Iindidi ezithile zokutshintsha kombala kungangumqondiso weemeko ezisisiseko ekufuneka zichongiwe kwaye ziphathwe ngugqirha.

Ukuba iinzipho zakho zeenzipho zibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inokuba luphawu lwe:

• ihemmatoma engaphantsi
• imozulu ebandayo
• icyanosis
• Into kaRaynaud
• Unxibelelwano lweziyobisi
• imole eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• argyria
• Isifo sikaWilson

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale meko inokwenzeka, kunye nonyango lwabo.

I-hematoma engaphantsi

I-hematoma engaphantsi kukutyunyuzwa phantsi kwebhedi yesikhonkwane, enokuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Xa ufumana ukonzakala kunzwane lwakho, njengokulugxoba okanye ukulahla into enzima kulo, imithambo yegazi encinci inokuopha ngaphantsi kwesikhonkwane. Oku kunokubangela ukuvela kombala.

Ngokwe-American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (AOCD), unokukhathalela i-hematoma ye-subungual ngokuzikhathalela. Izinketho zonyango zibandakanya:

• Amayeza eentlungu e-over-the-counter (OTC)
• ukuphakama
• umkhenkce (ukunciphisa ukudumba)

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba benze umngxunya omncinci kwisikhonkwane ukukhupha igazi elihlanganisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo.

Imozulu ebandayo

Xa amaqondo obushushu ebanda, imithambo yegazi yakho iyaxinana, isenza kube nzima ukuba igazi eline-oksijini elaneleyo lifike kulusu phantsi kweenzipho zakho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iinzipho zakho zibonakale ziluhlaza. Kodwa eneneni lolusu phantsi kweenzipho zakho olujika luhlaza.

Ukukhuselwa kweenyawo ezishushu kunokuthintela oku ekubeni kungenzeki kwiinzwane zakho.

ICyanosis

Ioksijini encinci egazini okanye ukusasazeka okungafanelekanga kunokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-cyanosis. Inika ukubonakala kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu lwakho, kubandakanya nolusu phantsi kweenzipho zakho. Imilebe, iminwe kunye neenzwane zinokubonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukuhamba kwegazi okuthintelweyo kunokubangela ukuba umbala ungaphantsi kombono. Yenza idinga nogqirha, ngakumbi ukuba unezinye iimpawu, njengokuphefumla kancinci, isiyezi, okanye ubundindisholo kwindawo echaphazelekayo.

Unyango lwe-cyanosis luqala ngokujongana nezizathu ezibangela ukuhamba kwegazi okuthintelweyo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza okuphucula imithambo yegazi, enje ngamachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi kunye noxinzelelo.

Into kaRaynaud

Abantu abafumana into kaRaynaud bathintele okanye baphazamise ukuhamba kobushushu kwiminwe, iinzwane, iindlebe, okanye impumlo. Oku kwenzeka xa imithambo yegazi ezandleni okanye iinyawo inyanzelekile. Iziqendu zokuxinana zibizwa ngokuba zi-vasospasms.

Rhoqo kubangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu abandayo okanye uxinzelelo, i-vasospasms inokuba neempawu ezinokuthi zibandakanye ukungabinamandla ezinzwaneni okanye kwiminwe, kunye nokutshintsha kombala kulusu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ulusu lujika lube mhlophe kwaye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Into kaRaynaud ihlala inyangwa ngamayeza okuphucula (ukwandisa) imithambo yegazi, kubandakanya:

• i-vasodilators, njenge-nitroglycerin cream, losartan (Cozaar), kunye ne-fluoxetine (Prozac)
• iicalcium block blockers, ezinje nge-amlodipine (Norvasc) kunye ne-nifedipine (Procardia)

Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi

Ngokwe-BreastCancer.org, ungabona utshintsho oluthile kumbala weenzipho zakho ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza wamabele. Iinzipho zakho zinokubonakala zityumkile, zijika umbala oluhlaza. Zingabonakala zimnyama, zimdaka, okanye ziluhlaza.

Unyango lomhlaza webele olunokubangela utshintsho lwezikhonkwane lubandakanya:

• daunorubicin (Cerubidine)
• I-docetaxel (iTaxotere)
• doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
• ixabepilone (Ixempra)
• mitoxantrone (INovantrone)

Umbala oluhlaza

Indawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kweenzwane zakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo inokuba yi-blue nevus.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ngokwe American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (AOCD), uhlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka olubizwa ngokuba yi-blue nevus yeselfowuni lunokuba yingozi yeselfowuni ye-nevus (MCBN) kwaye kufuneka ichithwe.

Ukuba unayo i-MCBN, ugqirha wakho uya kuncoma ukususwa kotyando.

Argyria

Nangona kunqabile, i-argyria (ityhefu yesilivere) sisiphumo sokuveza ixesha elide okanye okuphezulu kwisilivere. Olunye lweempawu zale meko lubala oluhlaza-ngwevu kolusu.

Ukubonakaliswa kwesilivere kuhlala kulandelwa:

• Ukuvezwa komsebenzi (ukumbiwa kwesilivere, ukuhanjiswa kweefoto, ukucwangciswa kweelectroplating)
• izongezo zokutya zesilivere colloidal
• amayeza anetyiwa zesilivere (ukunxiba inxeba, ukuhla kwamehlo, ukunkcenkceshela ngeempumlo)
• Iinkqubo zamazinyo (ukuzaliswa kwamazinyo esilivere)

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-argyria, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa kuqala iindlela zokuphepha ukubhengeza ngakumbi.

Ngokwenqaku lokuphononongwa ngo-2015 elipapashwe kwiJenali ye-European Academy yeDermatology kunye neVenereology, unyango lwe-laser lunokuba lunyango olusebenzayo lwe-argyria.

Isifo sikaWilson

Kwabanye abantu abanesifo sikaWilson (hepatolenticular degeneration), i-lunula yesikhonkwane inokujika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (azure lunula). I-lunula yindawo emhlophe, erhangqiweyo kwisiseko seenzipho zakho.

Isifo sikaWilson sihlala siphathwa ngamachiza anceda ukususa ubhedu kwizicwili. La machiza abandakanya i-trientine hydrochloride okanye i-D-penicillamine.

Yise kude

Yenziwe ngamanqanaba ekeratin, iinzwane zakho zikhusela izicwili zezinzwane zakho. I-Keratin yiprotein eqinisiweyo efumaneka kulusu nasezinweleni zakho. Umphezulu ogudileyo nombala o-pinki oguqukayo uhlala ubonakalisa iinzipho ezisempilweni.

Ukuba uneenzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye umbala awuchazwa ngokulula, umzekelo ngoxinzelelo, unokuba kwimeko engaphantsi.

Ezi meko zinokubandakanya i-argyria, cyanosis, into kaRaynaud, isifo sikaWilson, okanye i-blue nevus. Ukuba ukrokrela nayiphi na kwezi meko, jonga ugqirha ufumane uxilongo olupheleleyo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esinconyelwayo.