I-Bronchopneumonia: Iimpawu, ubungozi, kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zebronchopneumonia kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni
• Iimpawu ebantwaneni
• Isasazeka njani i-bronchopneumonia?
• Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuphuhlisa i-bronchopneumonia?
• Uvavanya njani ugqirha wakho webronchopneumonia?
• Uyiphatha njani i-bronchopneumonia?
• Ukunyamekela ekhaya
• Unyango
• Ukunyamekela esibhedlele
• Iingxaki
• Unyango kwiintsana nasebantwaneni
• Ungayithintela njani i-bronchopneumonia
• Yintoni imbonakalo yebronchopneumonia?

Yintoni i-bronchopneumonia?

I-pneumonia luhlobo losulelo lwemiphunga. Kwenzeka xa iintsholongwane, ibhaktheriya, okanye ifungi ibangela ukudumba kunye nosulelo kwi-alveoli (iisaka zomoya ezincinci) emiphungeni. I-Bronchopneumonia luhlobo lwenyumoniya ebangela ukudumba kwi-alveoli.

Umntu one-bronchopneumonia unokuba nengxaki yokuphefumla kuba umoya wakhe unciphile. Ngenxa yokudumba, imiphunga yabo isenokungafumani moya waneleyo. Iimpawu ze-bronchopneumonia zinokuba mnene okanye zibe nzima.

Iimpawu zebronchopneumonia kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni

Iimpawu zebronchopneumonia zinokufana nezinye iintlobo zenyumoniya. Le meko ihlala iqala ngeempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ezinokuba nzima kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ifiva
• ukukhohlela okuzisa imifinya
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• ukubila
• Ukugodola
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zemisipha
• isisu, okanye iintlungu zesifuba ezibangelwa kukudumba ngenxa yokukhohlela kakhulu
• ukudinwa
• ukudideka okanye ukuphambana, ngakumbi kubantu abadala

Iimpawu zinokuba nzulu ngakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye ezinye izifo.

Iimpawu ebantwaneni

Abantwana neentsana banokubonisa iimpawu ngokwahlukileyo. Nangona ukukhwehlela kuyimpawu eziqhelekileyo kwiintsana, banokuthi babe:

• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• amanqanaba eoksijini egazi asezantsi
• Ukurhoxiswa kwezihlunu zesifuba
• ukucaphuka
• kunciphise umdla wokutya, ukutya okanye ukusela
• ifiva
• ukuxinana
• ubunzima bokulala

Jonga ugqirha kwangoko ukuba unempawu zenyumoniya. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwenyumoniya ngaphandle kokuvavanywa ngokugqibeleleyo kugqirha wakho.

Isasazeka njani i-bronchopneumonia?

Amatyala amaninzi e-bronchopneumonia abangelwa ziibhaktheriya. Ngaphandle komzimba, iintsholongwane ziyosulela kwaye zinokusasazeka phakathi kwabantu kufutshane ngokuthimla nokukhohlela. Umntu wosulelwa ngokuphefumla kwintsholongwane.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zebhaktheriya ze-bronchopneumonia ziquka:

• IStaphylococcus aureus
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Escherichia coli
• UKlebsiella pneumoniae
• Iproteus iintlobo

Le meko ihlala inesivumelwano esibhedlele. Abantu abeza esibhedlele bezokunyanga ezinye izigulo bahlala beyekisa amajoni omzimba. Ukugula kuyayichaphazela indlela umzimba olwa ngayo neentsholongwane.

Ngaphantsi kwezi meko, umzimba uya kuba nobunzima ekulweni nosulelo olutsha. I-pneumonia eyenzeka kwimeko yesibhedlele inokuba sisiphumo sebhaktiriya enganyangekiyo kwiintsholongwane.

Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuphuhlisa i-bronchopneumonia?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-bronchopneumonia. Oku kubandakanya:

Ubudala: Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu, kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 okanye ngaphantsi, banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa i-bronchopneumonia kunye neengxaki ezivela kwimeko.

Ezendalo: Abantu abasebenza, okanye abahlala betyelela, esibhedlele okanye kumakhaya abantu abalupheleyo banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-bronchopneumonia.

Indlela yokuphila: Ukutshaya, ukungondleki, kunye nembali yokusetyenziswa kotywala kakhulu kunokwandisa umngcipheko we-bronchopneumonia.

Iimeko zonyango: Ukuba neemeko ezithile zonyango kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa olu hlobo lwenyumoniya. Oku kubandakanya:

• isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga, esifana nesifuba okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo
• ukuba buthathaka amajoni omzimba ngenxa yekhemotherapy okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezichasene nomzimba
• izifo ezinganyangekiyo, ezinjengesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo seswekile
• izifo ezizimele, ezinjenge-rheumatoid arthritis okanye i-lupus
• umhlaza
• ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo
• ukuginya ubunzima
• inkxaso yomoya

Ukuba ukwelinye lamaqela omngcipheko, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengcebiso zothintelo nolawulo.

Uvavanya njani ugqirha wakho webronchopneumonia?

Ngugqirha kuphela onokufumanisa isifo se-bronchopneumonia. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokuqhuba uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho. Baza kusebenzisa i-stethoscope ukumamela ukuvutha kunye nezinye izandi zokuphefumla ezingaqhelekanga.

Kananjalo baya kumamela iindawo esifubeni sakho apho kunzima ukuva ukuphefumla kwakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba imiphunga yakho inesifo okanye igcwele ulwelo, ugqirha wakho angabona ukuba umoya wakho awukhaleli phezulu njengokulindelweyo.

Banokukuthumela iimvavanyo zokulawula ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Ezinye iimeko zibandakanya i-bronchitis, i-asthma ye-bronchial, okanye i-lobar pneumonia. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

Uyiphatha njani i-bronchopneumonia?

Izinketho zonyango lwe-bronchopneumonia zibandakanya zombini unyango lwasekhaya kunye nonyango ngonyango.

Ukunyamekela ekhaya

I-bronchopneumonia yentsholongwane ngesiqhelo ayidingi nyango ngaphandle kokuba inzima. Ihlala iphucula ngokwayo kwiiveki ezimbini. Iibhaktheriya okanye izizathu zokungunda zebronchopneumonia zingafuna amayeza.

Unyango

Ugqirha wakho uya kukuyalela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuba yintsholongwane ebangela inyumoniya. Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuziva lungcono kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu emva kokuqala i-antibiotics.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugqibe ikhosi yakho ye-antibiotics ukuthintela usulelo ekubuyeni nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba luyacoca ngokupheleleyo.

Kwiimeko zosulelo lwentsholongwane ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-antivirals ukukunceda ukunciphisa ubude besigulo sakho kunye nobunzima beempawu zakho.

Ukunyamekela esibhedlele

Kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele ukuba usulelo lwakho lubi kakhulu kwaye udibana nenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65
• unobunzima bokuphefumla
• unentlungu esifubeni
• uphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
• ubonakalisa iimpawu zokudideka
• ufuna uncedo lokuphefumla
• unesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga

Unyango esibhedlele lunokubandakanya i-intravenous (IV) antibiotics kunye nolwelo.Ukuba amanqanaba eoksijini egazi aphantsi, unokufumana unyango lweoksijini ukubanceda babuyele esiqhelweni.

Iingxaki

Iingxaki ezivela kwi-bronchopneumonia zinokwenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sosulelo. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zinokubandakanya:

• usulelo lomjelo wegazi okanye i-sepsis
• ithumba lemiphunga
• ulwakhiwo lwamanzi ajikeleze imiphunga, eyaziwa njenge-pleural effusion
• ukusilela ekuphefumuleni
• ukusilela kwezintso
• iimeko zentliziyo ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesingqisho esingaqhelekanga

Unyango kwiintsana nasebantwaneni

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sentsholongwane. Ukhathalelo lwasekhaya ukunciphisa iimpawu zikwalinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekulawuleni le meko. Qiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana ulwelo olwaneleyo kunye nokuphumla.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba iTylenol inciphise ifiva. I-inhaler okanye i-nebulizer inokumiselwa ukunceda ukugcina i-airways ivulekile ngokusemandleni. Kwiimeko ezinzima, umntwana unokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze afumane oku kulandelayo:

• Ulwelo IV
• amayeza
• ioksijini
• unyango lokuphefumla

Soloko ubuza ugqirha womntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza okhohlela. Ezi azifane zicetyiswe kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-6. Funda ngakumbi ngeendlela zokucoceka kwabantwana.

Ungayithintela njani i-bronchopneumonia

Amanyathelo okhathalelo alula anokuwunciphisa umngcipheko wokugula kunye nokuphuhlisa i-bronchopneumonia. Funda ngakumbi ngendlela elungileyo yokuhlamba izandla.

Ukugonywa kunokunceda ekuthinteleni iintlobo ezithile zenyumoniya. Qiniseka ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane wakho wonyaka, njengoko umkhuhlane unokubangela inyumoniya. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zepneumonia yebacteria zinokuthintelwa zizitofu zepneumococcal. Ezi ziyafumaneka kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba ezi zitofu zingakunceda wena okanye usapho lwakho. Funda ngakumbi malunga neeshedyuli zokugonya iintsana nabancinci.

Yintoni imbonakalo yebronchopneumonia?

Uninzi lwabantu abane-bronchopneumonia luyabuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• iminyaka yakho
• ingaba imiphunga yakho ichaphazeleke kangakanani
• ubunzima benyumoniya
• uhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo ezibangela usulelo
• impilo yakho iyonke kunye nazo naziphi na iimeko ezingaphantsi
• naziphi na iingxaki ohlangabezana nazo

Ukungavumeli ukuphumla komzimba wakho kunokubangela ixesha elide lokufumana kwakhona. Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wale meko banokuphuhlisa ubunzima obunzima, obusongela ubomi, njengokuphefumla ukungaphumeleli, ngaphandle konyango.

Jonga ugqirha ukuba ucinga ukuba unalo naluphi na uhlobo lwenyumoniya. Banokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo esichanekileyo kwaye bafumana olona nyango lufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.