IBulimia Nervosa

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zebulimia amanosa?
• Yintoni ebangela i-bulimia nervosa?
• I-bulimia nervosa ifunyaniswa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-bulimia nervosa?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yebulimia nervosa?

Yintoni i-bulimia nervosa?

I-Bulimia nervosa sisifo sokutya, esiqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yi-bulimia. Yimeko enzulu enokusongela ubomi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakaliswa ngokutya ngokutya okulandelwayo ngokucoca. Ukucoca kunokwenzeka ngokuhlanza okunyanzelekileyo, umthambo ogqithisileyo, okanye ngokuthatha laxatives okanye umchamo.

Abantu abane-bulimia purge, okanye babonise indlela yokuziphatha yokucoca, kwaye balandele umjikelo wokuzinkcinkca ngotywala. Ukucoca isimilo kubandakanya ezinye iindlela ezingqongqo zokugcina ubunzima njengokuzila ukutya, ukuzilolonga, okanye ukutya kakhulu.

Abantu abane-bulimia bahlala benomzimba ongeyonyani. Batyekele kakhulu kubunzima babo kwaye bazigxeka kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi abane-bulimia banobunzima obuqhelekileyo okanye batyebe nangakumbi. Oku kunokwenza ukuba i-bulimia ibe nzima ukuyibona nokuyixilonga.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba malunga neepesenti ze-1.5 zabasetyhini kunye neepesenti ze-5 zamadoda ziya kuba ne-bulimia ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu ngexesha lokufikisa nakwiminyaka yabantu abadala.

Ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-20 zabasetyhini abaneminyaka yobudala beekholeji ezichaza iimpawu ze-bulimia. Abadlali basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphazamiseka kwindlela otya ngayo, njengoko kunjalo nakwiimbaleki ezinomzimba kunye nobunzima obubekwe esweni. Kwaye abadanisi, iimodeli, kunye nabadlali banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu.

Zithini iimpawu zebulimia amanosa?

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-bulimia ziquka:

• uloyiko lwexesha elide lokufumana ubunzima
• Izimvo malunga nokutyeba
• ukuzixakekisa ngobunzima kunye nomzimba
• umfanekiso ozibonakalise ngokungathandekiyo
• ukutya kakhulu
• ukugabha ngamandla
• ukusebenzisa kakhulu i-laxatives okanye i-diuretics
• ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo okanye amayeza okunciphisa umzimba
• umthambo ogqithisileyo
• Amazinyo atshabalalisiweyo (esiswini esiswini)
• ii-callus ngasemva kwezandla
• ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngoko nangoko emva kwesidlo
• ndingatyi phambi kwabanye
• Ukurhoxa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zentlalo

Iingxaki ezivela kwi-bulimia zingabandakanya:

• ukusilela kwezintso
• iingxaki zentliziyo
• isifo seentsini
• ukubola kwamazinyo
• Imicimbi yokwetyisa okanye ukuqhina
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• ukuswela izondlo
• ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte okanye kweekhemikhali

Abasetyhini banokufumana ukungabikho kwexesha lokuya esikhathini. Kwakhona, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye utywala kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abane-bulimia.

Yintoni ebangela i-bulimia nervosa?

IBulimia ayinasizathu saziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe kuphuhliso lwayo.

Abantu abaneemeko zempilo yengqondo okanye umbono ogqwethekileyo malunga nenyani basemngciphekweni omkhulu. Kuyafana nakubantu abanesidingo esomeleleyo sokuhlangabezana nolindelo kunye nemigaqo yoluntu. Abo banempembelelo enkulu kwimithombo yeendaba banokuba semngciphekweni ngokunjalo. Ezinye izinto zibandakanya:

• Imiba yomsindo
• ukudakumba
• ukugqibelela
• ukungxamiseka
• isiganeko esibuhlungu esidlulileyo

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba i-bulimia lilifa, okanye inokubangelwa kukusilela kwe-serotonin kwingqondo.

I-bulimia nervosa ifunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukufumanisa i-bulimia. Kuqala, baya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Banokuodola uvavanyo lwegazi okanye umchamo. Kwaye uvavanyo lwengqondo luya kunceda ukumisela ubudlelwane bakho nokutya kunye nomzimba womzimba.

Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa iikhrayitheriya kwi-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). I-DSM-5 sisixhobo sokuqonda isifo esisebenzisa ulwimi oluqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuchonga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iikhrayitheriya ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-bulimia zibandakanya:

• Ukutya kakhulu ukutya okuphindayo
• Ukucoca rhoqo ngokugabha
• Ukuziphatha okungapheliyo kokucoca, njengokuzilolonga kakhulu, ukusebenzisa gwenxa laxatives kunye nokuzila ukutya
• ukufumana ukuzixabisa ubunzima kunye nobume bomzimba
• ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala, ukucoca, kunye nokuziphatha okwenzeka kube kanye ngeveki kwiinyanga ezintathu ngokomndilili
• ukungabinayo i-anorexia nervosa

Ubungqongqo be-bulimia yakho bunokuchongwa ngokuhlala kangakanani, ngokomndilili, ukubonisa ukuzinkcinkca, ukucoca, okanye ukucoca isimilo. I-DSM-5 yahlula i-bulimia ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kugqithiso:

• ithambile: Iziqendu ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngeveki
• ukumodareyitha: iziqendu ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 ngeveki
• kakhulu: I-8 ukuya kwi-13 iziqendu ngeveki
• ezigabadeleyo: iziqendu ezili-14 nangaphezulu ngeveki

Unokufuna olunye uvavanyo ukuba une-bulimia ixesha elide. Olu vavanyo lunokujonga iingxaki ezinokubandakanya iingxaki ngentliziyo yakho okanye ngamanye amalungu.

Iphathwa njani i-bulimia nervosa?

Unyango alugxili ekufundeni ukutya kunye nesondlo kuphela kodwa nonyango lwempilo yengqondo. Ifuna ukukhula kwemeko esempilweni yesiqu sakho kunye nobudlelwane obusempilweni nokutya. Izinketho zonyango zibandakanya:

• i-anti-depressants, njenge-fluoxetine (i-Prozac), ekuphela kwento elwa ne-anti-depressant evunyiweyo yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukunyanga i-bulimia
• Unyango ngengqondo, ekwabizwa ngokuba lunyango lokuthetha, lunokubandakanya unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo, unyango olusekwe kusapho, kunye nonyango lwengqondo phakathi kwabantu
• inkxaso yokutya kunye nemfundo yesondlo, oko kuthetha ukufunda malunga neendlela zokutya ezinempilo, ukwenza isicwangciso sokutya esinomsoco, kwaye mhlawumbi inkqubo elawulwayo yokulahleka kwesisindo
• Unyango lweengxaki, ezinokubandakanya ukulaliswa esibhedlele kwiimeko ezinzima ze-bulimia

Unyango oluyimpumelelo luhlala lubandakanya ukuxinezeleka, unyango lwengqondo, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisana phakathi kogqirha wakho, umboneleli wezempilo yengqondo, kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo.

Olunye unyango lwezixhobo zokunyanga ukungahambi kakuhle kunika iinkqubo zonyango lwangaphakathi okanye ngaphakathi. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuphila kumaziko onyango zifumana inkxaso nokhathalelo lwexesha lonke.

Izigulana zinokuthatha iiklasi, ziye kunyango, kunye nokutya ukutya okunesondlo. Banokuziqhelanisa neyoga ethambileyo ukonyusa ulwazi lomzimba.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yebulimia nervosa?

I-Bulimia inokubusongela ubomi ukuba iyekwe inganyangwa okanye ukuba unyango aluphumeleli. IBulimia zombini imeko yomzimba kunye nengqondo, kwaye kunokuba ngumceli mngeni wobomi ukuyilawula.

Nangona kunjalo, i-bulimia ingoyiswa ngonyango olunempumelelo. I-bulimia yangaphambili ifunyenwe unyango olusebenzayo luya kuba.

Unyango olusebenzayo lujolise kukutya, ukuzithemba, ukusombulula iingxaki, ukujongana nezakhono kunye nempilo yengqondo. Olu nyango lunceda abaguli ukuba bagcine indlela yokuziphatha esempilweni kwixesha elide.