Uvavanyo lwe-Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Umxholo

• Kutheni kwenziwa uvavanyo lweBUN?
• Ndilungiselela njani uvavanyo lweBUN?
• Uvavanyo lweBUN lwenziwa njani?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zovavanyo lweBUN?
• Zithini iingozi zovavanyo lweBUN?
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni uvavanyo lweBUN?

Uvavanyo lwe-urea nitrogen (BUN) lwegazi lusetyenziselwa ukumisela ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Ukwenza oku ngokulinganisa ubungakanani be-urea nitrogen egazini. I-nitrogen ye-Urea yimveliso yenkunkuma eyenziweyo esibindini xa umzimba wophula iiproteni. Ngokwesiqhelo, izintso ziyayicoca le nkunkuma, kwaye ukuchama kuyisusa emzimbeni.

Amanqanaba e-BUN ahlala enyuka xa izintso okanye isibindi sonakalisiwe. Ukuba ne-urea nitrogen eninzi egazini kunokuba luphawu lweengxaki zezintso okanye zesibindi.

Kutheni kwenziwa uvavanyo lweBUN?

Uvavanyo lwe-BUN luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhele ukusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso. Ihlala isenziwa kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwegazi, njengovavanyo lwe-creatinine, ukwenza uxilongo olufanelekileyo.

Uvavanyo lwe-BUN lunokunceda ukufumanisa le miqathango ilandelayo:

• ukulimala kwesibindi
• ukungondleki
• Ukuhamba kakubi
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuchama
• ukusilela kwentliziyo
• ukopha emathunjini

Uvavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukumisela ukusebenza konyango lwe-dialysis.

Iimvavanyo ze-BUN zihlala zenziwa njengenxalenye yokuhlola rhoqo, xa uhlala esibhedlele, okanye ngexesha okanye emva konyango lweemeko ezinje ngesifo seswekile.

Ngelixa uvavanyo lweBUN lulinganisa isixa se-urea nitrogen egazini, ayichongi unobangela wokuphakama okuphezulu okanye okungaphantsi kunomyinge we-urea nitrogen.

Ndilungiselela njani uvavanyo lweBUN?

Uvavanyo lweBUN aludingi lungiselelo lukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza okanye amayeza. Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela amanqanaba akho e-BUN.

Amanye amayeza, kubandakanya i-chloramphenicol okanye i-streptomycin, anokuwathoba amanqanaba akho e-BUN. Amanye amachiza, anje ngamayeza athile kunye ne-diuretics, anokunyusa amanqanaba akho e-BUN.

Amayeza aqhelekileyo amiselweyo anokuphakamisa amanqanaba akho e-BUN aquka:

• i-amphotericin B (AmBisome, iFungizone)
• icarbamazepine (Tegretol)
• i-cephalosporins, iqela lee-antibiotics
• i-furosemide (iLasix)
• imethotrexate
• imethyldopa
• irifampin (Rifadin)
• i-spironolactone (Aldactone)
• itetracycline (iSumycin)
• I-thiazide yomchamo
• vancomycin (Vancocin)

Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha na la mayeza. Ugqirha wakho uya kuluthathela ingqalelo olu lwazi xa ujonga iziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lweBUN lwenziwa njani?

Uvavanyo lwe-BUN luvavanyo olulula olubandakanya ukuthatha isampulu yegazi.

Ngaphambi kokutsala igazi, igcisa liya kucoca indawo yengalo yakho ephezulu ngesibulali-ntsholongwane. Baya kubopha ibhanti e-elastic ejikeleze ingalo yakho, eya kwenza imithambo yakho idumbise igazi. Ingcali iya kuthi emva koko ifake inaliti engenazintsholongwane emthanjeni ize itsale igazi kumbhobho ofakwe kule naliti. Unokuziva iintlungu ziphakathi ukuya phakathi xa inaliti ingena.

Nje ukuba baqokelele igazi elaneleyo, ingcali iya kuyisusa inaliti kwaye ifake ibhandeji kwindawo yokugqobhoza. Baya kuthumela isampuli yegazi lakho elebhu ukuvavanywa. Ugqirha wakho uya kulandelelana nawe ukuze axoxe ngeziphumo zovavanyo.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zovavanyo lweBUN?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lweBUN zilinganiswa ngeemiligram ngedesilitha nganye (mg / dL). Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-BUN zihlala zihluka ngoxhomekeke kwisini kunye nobudala. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ilabhoratri nganye inamabakala ahlukeneyo aqhelekileyo.

Ngokubanzi, amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-BUN awela kula manqanaba alandelayo:

• Amadoda amadala: 8 ukuya ku-24 mg / dL
• Abafazi abadala: 6 ukuya ku-21 mg / dL
• kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kweli-17 ubudala: 7 ukuya ku-20 mg / dL

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-BUN kubantu abadala ngaphezulu kwama-60 aphezulu ngaphezulu kunamanqanaba aqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60.

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-BUN angabonisa:

• isifo sentliziyo
• ukusilela kwentliziyo
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo yakutshanje
• ukopha emathunjini
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• amanqanaba aphezulu eprotini
• isifo sezintso
• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• isithintelo kumchamo wokuchama
• uxinzelelo
• ukothuka

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba amanye amayeza, anje ngamayeza athile, anokuphakamisa amanqanaba akho e-BUN.

Amanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-BUN angabonisa:

• ukusilela kwesibindi
• ukungondleki
• ukuswela kakhulu iprotein ekudleni
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho zovavanyo, ugqirha wakho unokuqhuba ezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa isifo okanye ukucebisa unyango. I-hydration efanelekileyo yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokunciphisa amanqanaba e-BUN. Ukutya okuneeprotein ezisezantsi kunokunceda nokunciphisa amanqanaba e-BUN. Iyeza alinakucetyiswa ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-BUN.

Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba e-BUN angaqhelekanga awathethi ukuba unesimo sezintso. Izinto ezithile, ezinjengokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukukhulelwa, ukutya okuphezulu okanye okuphantsi kweprotein, ii-steroids, kunye nokuguga kunokuchaphazela amanqanaba akho ngaphandle kokubonisa umngcipheko kwimpilo.

Zithini iingozi zovavanyo lweBUN?

Ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukhathalelo lwempilo olungxamisekileyo, unokubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo emva kokuthatha uvavanyo lweBUN. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yokopha okanye uthatha amayeza athile anje ngegazi elincinci. Oku kunokubangela ukuba wophe ngaphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe ngexesha lovavanyo.

Iziphumo ezinxulumene novavanyo lwe-BUN zibandakanya:

• ukopha kwindawo yokugqobhoza
• ukugruzuka kwindawo yokuhlatywa
• ingqokelela yegazi phantsi kolusu
• usulelo kwindawo yokuhlatywa

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, abantu baba nentloko elula okanye batyhafe emva kokutsalwa kwegazi. Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ezinde emva kovavanyo.

Ukuthatha

Uvavanyo lwe-BUN luvavanyo olukhawulezayo nolulula lwegazi oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso. Amanqanaba aphakamileyo aphezulu okanye aphantsi e-BUN awathethi ukuba uneengxaki zomsebenzi wezintso. Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sezintso okanye enye imeko yezempilo, baya kuyala iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa isifo kwaye bafumane unobangela.