I-Hypocalcemia (isifo seCalcium Defence Disease)

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-hypocalcemia?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zehypocalcemia?
• Sichongwa njani isifo se calcium?
• I-hypocalcemia yeNonatal
• Uphathwa njani u-hypocalcemia?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zehypocalcemia?
• Unokuthintela njani i-hypocalcemia?
• Vitamin D
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni isifo sokunqongophala kwecalcium?

I-calcium yinto ebalulekileyo yezimbiwa. Umzimba wakho uyisebenzisela ukwakha amathambo kunye namazinyo omeleleyo. I-calcium iyafuneka ukuze intliziyo yakho kunye nezinye izihlunu zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Xa ungayifumani ngokwaneleyo ikhalsiyam, wonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nengxaki yokuvela:

• osteoporosis
• osteopenia
• Ukunqongophala kwesifo secalcium (hypocalcemia)

Abantwana abangayifumaniyo ngokwaneleyo i-calcium abanokungakhuli kubude babo obupheleleyo njengabantu abadala.

Kuya kufuneka usebenzise inani elicetyisiweyo le-calcium ngosuku ngokutya okutyayo, izongezo, okanye iivithamini.

Yintoni ebangela i-hypocalcemia?

Abantu abaninzi basemngciphekweni owandayo wokunqongophala kwe-calcium njengoko bekhula. Oku kusilela kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• ukungatyi kakuhle i-calcium ixesha elide, ngakumbi ebuntwaneni
• amayeza anokunciphisa i-calcium absorption
• ukunganyamezelani ukutya ekutyeni okune-calcium eninzi
• Utshintsho lwehomoni, ngakumbi kwabasetyhini
• izinto ezithile zofuzo

Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukutya okufanelekileyo kwe-calcium kuyo yonke iminyaka.

Kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, izibonelelo zemihla ngemihla zekhalsiyam ziyafana kwizini zombini. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke (NIH), izibonelelo zemihla ngemihla zezi:

NgokukaRhulumente wase-US, iimfuno zekhalsiyam kubantu abadala zezi:

Abasetyhini kufuneka bandise ukutya kwabo kwe-calcium kwangoko ebomini kunamadoda, ukuqala kubudala obuphakathi. Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziyimfuneko zekhalsiyamu kubaluleke ngakumbi njengokuba umfazi esondela ekumeni exesheni.

Ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni, abasetyhini kufuneka bonyuse nokutya kwabo i-calcium ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis kunye ne-calcium defence disease. Ukwehla kwehomoni estrogen ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni kubangela ukuba amathambo omfazi anciphe ngokukhawuleza.

Ingxaki yehommone hypoparathyroidism inokubangela ukuswela isifo se-calcium. Abantu abanale meko abavelisi i-hormone yeparathyroid eyaneleyo, elawula amanqanaba e-calcium egazini.

Abanye oonobangela behypocalcemia babandakanya ukungondleki kunye nokungabikho kakuhle. Ukungondleki kuxa ungeke ufumane izondlo ezaneleyo, ngelixa i-malabsorption kuxa umzimba wakho ungenako ukufunxa iivithamini kunye neeminerals ozifunayo kukutya okutyayo. Izizathu ezongezelelweyo zibandakanya:

• amanqanaba asezantsi evithamini D, enza ukuba kube nzima ukufunxa ikhalsiyam
• amayeza, anje nge phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin, corticosteroids, kunye neziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium
• ukudumba komzimba
• hypermagnesemia kunye ne-hypomagnesemia
• hyperphosphatemia
• umothuko wokhuphamba
• utofelo-gazi olukhulu
• ukusilela kwezintso
• amayeza athile e-chemotherapy
• "I-Hungry bone syndrome," enokuthi yenzeke emva kotyando lwe-hyperparathyroidism
• ukususwa kwethishu yelungu leparathyroid njengenxalenye yoqhaqho ukususa idlala lengqula

Ukuba uyaliphosa idosi yemihla ngemihla yecalcium, awuyi kuba ne calcium enqongopheleyo ubusuku bonke. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza umgudu wokufumana i-calcium eyaneleyo yonke imihla, kuba umzimba uyisebenzisa ngokukhawuleza. Imifuno kunokwenzeka ukuba iphelelwe yikhalsiyam ngokukhawuleza kuba abayityi imveliso yobisi ene-calcium eninzi.

Ukusilela kweCalcium akuyi kuvelisa iimpawu zexesha elifutshane kuba umzimba ugcina amanqanaba e-calcium ngokuyithatha ngqo emathanjeni. Kodwa amanqanaba exesha elide e-calcium anokuba neziphumo ezibi.

Ziintoni iimpawu zehypocalcemia?

Ukunqongophala kwe-calcium kwinqanaba lokuqala akunokubangela naziphi na iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ziya kukhula njengoko imeko iqhubeka.

Iimpawu ezinzima zehypocalcemia zibandakanya:

• ukudideka okanye ukulahleka kwememori
• ukudumba kwezihlunu
• ukuba ndindisholo nokubetha ezandleni, ezinyaweni nasebusweni
• ukudakumba
• nemibono
• izihlunu zemithambo
• iinzipho ezibuthathaka nezaphukileyo
• Ukuqhekeka ngokulula kwamathambo

Ukusilela kweCalcium kunokuchaphazela onke amalungu omzimba, okukhokelela kwizikhonkwane ezibuthathaka, ukukhula kancinci kweenwele, kunye nolusu olucekeceke.

I-calcium ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhulisweni kwe-neurotransmitter kunye ne-contractions zemisipha. Ke, ukusilela kwecalcium kunokuzisa ukubanjwa kwabanye abantu abasempilweni.

Ukuba uqala ukufumana iimpawu ze-neurological njengokulahleka kwememori, ukuba ndindisholo kunye nokutswina, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, okanye ukuxhuzula, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Sichongwa njani isifo se calcium?

Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuba uneempawu zokunqongophala kwesifo se calcium. Baza kuphinda bahlole imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye bakubuze ngembali yosapho yokunqongophala kwe-calcium kunye ne-osteoporosis.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukunqongophala kwe-calcium, baya kuthatha isampulu yegazi ukujonga inqanaba lakho le-calcium. Ugqirha wakho uza kulinganisa inqanaba lakho elipheleleyo le-calcium, inqanaba lakho lealbumin, kunye nenqanaba lakho le-calcium okanye i "free" calcium. Ialbumin yiprotein ebopha ikhalsiyam kwaye iyithutha ngegazi. Ukugcina amanqanaba e-calcium esegazini lakho kunokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-calcium.

Amanqanaba e-calcium eqhelekileyo kubantu abadala anokuvela kwi-8.8 ukuya kwi-10.4 milligrams ngedesilitha nganye (mg / dL), ngokweMerck Manual. Unokuba semngciphekweni wokunqongophala kwesifo se calcium ukuba inqanaba lakho le calcium lingaphantsi kwe 8.8 mg / dL. Abantwana kunye nolutsha bahlala benamanqanaba aphezulu egazi kwi-calcium kunabantu abadala.

I-hypocalcemia yeNonatal

I-hypocalcemia ye-Neonatal yenzeka kwiintsana emva nje kokuzalwa. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-neonatal hypocalcemia zenzeka kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa emva kwexesha i-hypocalcemia inokwenzeka kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokuzalwa, okanye kamva.

Imiba yomngcipheko kwiintsana ibandakanya ukuba mncinci kwiminyaka yabo kunye nesifo seswekile. Ukufika emva kwexesha kwe-hypocalcemia kuhlala kubangelwa kukusela ubisi lweenkomo okanye ifomula ene-phosphate eninzi.

Iimpawu ze-neocatal hypocalcemia zibandakanya:

• jita
• ukondla okungondlekanga
• ukuxhuzula
• i-apnea, okanye ukuphefumula okucothayo
• tachycardia, okanye ngokukhawuleza kunokubetha kwentliziyo kwesiqhelo

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuvavanya igazi lomntwana kwinqanaba le-calcium epheleleyo okanye kwinqanaba le-calcium. Inqanaba leswekile yosana nayo iya kuvavanywa ukulawula i-hypoglycemia.

Unyango kubandakanya ukubonelela nge-calcium gluconate efakwa ngaphakathi emva kweentsuku ezininzi zokuncedisa nge-calcium yomlomo.

Uphathwa njani u-hypocalcemia?

Ukusilela kweCalcium kuhlala kulula ukunyanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukongeza i-calcium ekudleni kwakho.

Musa ukuzinyanga ngokwakho ngokuthatha uninzi lwee-calcium supplements. Ukuthatha ngaphezulu kwethamo elicetyiswayo ngaphandle kwemvume yogqirha kungakhokelela kwimicimbi enzulu njengamatye ezintso.

Ukuxhaswa okuqhelekileyo kwe-calcium kubandakanya:

• I-calcium carbonate, ebiza ixabiso elincinci kwaye ine-calcium engundoqo
• calcium citrate, yeyona ifunxeka ngokulula
• i-calcium phosphate, ekwabizwa ngokulula kwaye ayibangeli ukuqunjelwa

Izongezo zeCalcium ziyafumaneka kulwelo, ithebhulethi, kunye neefom ezinokuhlafunwa.

Thenga izongezo zekhalsiyam.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana ngokungalunganga kunye nezongezo zekhalsiyam. La mayeza aquka:

• uxinzelelo lwegazi i-beta-blockers njenge-atenolol, enokunciphisa ukufakwa kwe-calcium ukuba kuthathwe ngaphakathi kweeyure ezimbini zokuthatha izongezo ze-calcium
• ii-antacids ezine-aluminium, ezinokunyusa amanqanaba egazi e-aluminium
• i-cholesterol-yokunciphisa i-bile acid sequestrants efana ne-colestipol, enokunciphisa ukufunxeka kwe-calcium kunye nokwandisa ukulahleka kwe-calcium kumchamo
• amayeza e-estrogen, anokuba negalelo ekunyukeni kwamanqanaba egazi ngecalcium
• I-digoxin, njengoko amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium anokunyusa i-digoxin ityhefu
• i-diuretics, enokonyusa amanqanaba e-calcium (i-hydrochlorothiazide) okanye yehlise amanqanaba e-calcium egazini (furosemide)
• ii-antibiotics ezithile ezifana ne-fluoroquinolones kunye ne-tetracyclines, enokufunxwa kwayo kunokuncitshiswa zizongezo ze-calcium

Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho lokutya kunye nezongezo azonelanga ukunyanga ukunqongophala kwe calcium. Kule meko, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukulawula amanqanaba akho e-calcium ngokukunika ii-injection ze-calcium rhoqo.

Unokulindela ukubona iziphumo kwiiveki zokuqala zonyango. Iimeko ezinzima zokunqongophala kwe-calcium ziya kubekwa esweni inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zehypocalcemia?

Iingxaki ezivela kwisifo sokunqongophala kwe-calcium zibandakanya ukonakala kwamehlo, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, kunye ne-osteoporosis.

Iingxaki ezivela kwi-osteoporosis zibandakanya:

• ukukhubazeka
• ukuqhekeka komqolo okanye amanye amathambo
• ubunzima bokuhamba

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, isifo esiswele ikhalsiyam ekugqibeleni sinokubulala.

Unokuthintela njani i-hypocalcemia?

Unokusithintela isifo sokunqongophala kwe-calcium ngokufaka ikhalsiyam ekudleni kwakho yonke imihla.

Qaphela ukuba ukutya okuphezulu kwi-calcium, njengeemveliso zobisi, kunokuba nakho ukuphakama kumanqatha agcweleyo kunye nakumanqatha agqithisiweyo. Khetha iindlela ezinamafutha asezantsi okanye ezingenamafutha ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Unokufumana i-1/4 ukuya kwi-1/3 ye-RDA yakho ye-calcium kwindawo enye yokukhonza ezinye iimilk kunye neeyogathi. Ngokuka, okunye ukutya okune-calcium eninzi kubandakanya:

Ngelixa ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yakho yecalcium kubaluleke kakhulu, ufuna kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba awufumani kakhulu. Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, imida ephezulu yokutya i-calcium kwiimiligram (mg) yabantu abadala zezi:

• 2,000 mg ngosuku ngamadoda nabafazi abaneminyaka engama-51 ubudala nangaphezulu
• I-2,500 mg ngosuku yamadoda nabasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-19 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala

Unokufuna ukongeza ukutya kwakho ngokuthatha i-multivitamin. Okanye ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izongezo ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwe-calcium.

IiMultivitamini zisenokungabi nayo yonke ikhalsiyam oyifunayo, ke qiniseka ukuba utya ukutya okujikeleze kakuhle. Ukuba ukhulelwe, thatha ivithamini yokubeleka.

Vitamin D

I-Vitamin D ibalulekile kuba inyusa izinga le-calcium elifakwe egazini lakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ingakanani ivithamin D oyifunayo.

Ukunyusa ukutya okune-calcium, unokongeza ukutya okunevithamini D kwindlela otya ngayo. Oku kubandakanya:

• iintlanzi ezinamanqatha njenge salmon kunye ne tuna
• ijusi yeorenji ebiyelweyo
• ubisi olunqatyisiweyo
• amakhowa e-portobello
• amaqanda

Njengakwimveliso yobisi ene-calcium eninzi, ezinye iimveliso zobisi ezityebileyo ze-D nazo zinokuba namafutha amaninzi.

Ukukhanya kwelanga kubangela umzimba wakho ukuba wenze ivithamini D, ke ukufumana ukukhanya elangeni kunokunceda ekunyuseni amanqanaba e-vitamin D.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ukongeza ekugcineni amanqanaba e-calcium esempilweni kunye novithamini D, kukho utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokuphila onokuyenza ukukhuthaza impilo yethambo. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukugcina ubunzima bomzimba obusempilweni
• ukuzilolonga rhoqo
• ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye nokusela utywala