Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba udidi 2 lweswekile lujike lube luhlobo 1?

Umxholo

• Ngaba uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile lujika lube luhlobo 1?
• Ngaba unokuchongwa gwenxa ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile?
• Siyintoni isifo seswekile esingacacanga kubantu abadala (i-LADA)?
• Yintoni umahluko phakathi kohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile kunye ne-LADA?
• Uthini umgca osezantsi?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kohlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile?

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile sisifo esizimele. Kwenzeka xa iiseli ze-islet ezivelisa i-insulin kwi-pancreas zitshatyalalisiwe, ke umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa nayiphi na i-insulin.

Kwi-2 yeswekile, iiseli ze-islet zisasebenza. Nangona kunjalo, umzimba uyanyamezela kwi-insulin. Ngamanye amagama, umzimba awusayisebenzisi ngokufanelekileyo i-insulin.

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile aluxhaphakanga kunohlobo lwe-2. Yayisaziwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile solutsha ngenxa yokuba imeko leyo ifunyaniswa kufunyanwa ebuntwaneni.

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala, nangona ngoku sibona abantwana ngakumbi nangakumbi besiba nesi sifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kulabo batyebileyo okanye batyebile.

Ngaba uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile lujika lube luhlobo 1?

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile alunakujika lube sisifo seswekile, kuba iimeko ezimbini zinezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

Ngaba unokuchongwa gwenxa ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile?

Kuyenzeka ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile esingaqondakaliyo afunyanwe. Banokuba neempawu ezininzi zesifo seswekile, kodwa enenye imeko enokuthi isondele kakhulu kuhlobo lweswekile. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-latent autoimmune diabetes kubantu abadala (i-LADA).

Abaphandi baqikelela ukuba phakathi kwe-4 ne-14 yeepesenti yabantu abafunyenwe benesifo seswekile sesi-2 banokuba ne-LADA. Uninzi lwamagqirha alukaqhelekanga ngemeko kwaye baya kuthatha umntu onesifo seswekile sesi-2 ngenxa yobudala kunye neempawu zakhe.

Ngokubanzi, ukufumanisa isifo gwenxa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba:

• zombini i-LADA kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ikhula ngokwabantu abadala
• iimpawu zokuqala ze-LADA-ezinjengokunxanwa okugqithileyo, umbono ophuthileyo, kunye neswekile ephezulu yegazi- zilingise olo hlobo lweswekile yesi-2
• oogqirha abahlali beqhuba iimvavanyo ze-LADA xa befumanisa isifo seswekile
• Ekuqaleni, iipancreas kubantu abane-LADA zisavelisa i-insulin
• ukutya, ukuzivocavoca, kunye neziyobisi zomlomo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha uhlobo lweswekile lwesibini lusebenza kakuhle kubantu abane-LADA ekuqaleni

Ukususela ngoku, kusekho ukungaqiniseki malunga nendlela yokuchaza ngokucacileyo i-LADA kwaye yintoni ebangela ukuba ikhule. Isizathu ngqo se-LADA asaziwa, kodwa abaphandi bafumanise iintlobo ezithile ezinokudlala indima.

I-LADA inokukrokrelwa kuphela emva kokuba ugqirha wakho eqondile ukuba awuphenduli (okanye awusaphenduli) kakuhle kuhlobo lomlomo lwesifo seswekile, ukutya, kunye nokuzilolonga.

Siyintoni isifo seswekile esingacacanga kubantu abadala (i-LADA)?

Oogqirha abaninzi bacinga i-LADA ifom yabantu abadala yohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile kuba ikwayimeko yokuzimela.

Njengohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, iiseli ze-islet kwi-pancreas yabantu abane-LADA ziyatshatyalaliswa. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo yenzeka kancinci kancinci. Nje ukuba iqale, kunokuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuya kwiminyaka eliqela ukuze i-pancreas iyeke ukukwazi ukwenza i-insulin.

Ezinye iingcali zijonga i-LADA kwenye indawo phakathi kohlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 kwaye bade bathi "luhlobo 1.5" isifo seswekile. Aba baphandi bakholelwa ukuba isifo seswekile sinokubakho kwindawo ebonakalayo.

Abaphandi basazama ukufumana iinkcukacha, kodwa ngokubanzi, i-LADA yaziwa ngo:

• ukukhula ebudaleni
• ube nekhosi ecothayo yokuqalisa kunohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile
• zihlala zenzeka kubantu abangatyebanga kakhulu
• zihlala zenzeka kubantu abangenayo eminye imiba ye-metabolic, efana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-triglycerides ephezulu
• kukhokelela kuvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwe-antibodies ngokuchasene neeseli zeeslet

Iimpawu ze-LADA ziyafana nezohlobo lwesibini lweswekile, kubandakanya:

• ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
• ukuchama kakhulu
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini
• amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile kumchamo
• isikhumba esomileyo
• ukudinwa
• ukurhawuzelela izandla okanye iinyawo
• rhoqo isinyi kunye ulusu usulelo

Ukongeza, izicwangciso zonyango ze-LADA kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ziyafana ekuqaleni. Olu nyango lubandakanya:

• ukutya okufanelekileyo
• umthambo
• ulawulo lobunzima
• amayeza eswekile yomlomo
• Unyango lwe-insulin yokutshintsha
• ukubeka esweni amanqanaba akho e-hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile kunye ne-LADA?

Ngokungafaniyo nabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 abanokungaze bafune i-insulin kwaye banokubuyisa iswekile yabo ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye nokwehla kobunzima, abantu abane-LADA abanakubuyisa imeko yabo.

Ukuba unayo i-LADA, ekugqibeleni kuya kufuneka uthathe i-insulin ukuze uhlale usempilweni.

Uthini umgca osezantsi?

Ukuba ubusandula ukufumanisa ukuba unesifo seswekile sesi-2, qonda ukuba imeko yakho ayinakuguqula ibe luhlobo 1 lweswekile. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba uhlobo lwakho lwe-2 yeswekile yi-LADA, okanye uthayiphe i-1.5 yeswekile.

Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ukuba unobunzima obusempilweni okanye ukuba unembali yosapho yezifo ezizimele, ezinje ngohlobo lweswekile 1 okanye isifo samathambo (RA).

Kubalulekile ukuba uchaze ngokuchanekileyo i-LADA kuba kuyakufuneka uqale kwi-insulin shots kwangethuba ukulawula imeko yakho. Ukuchongwa gwenxa kunokuphazamisa kwaye kudideke. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkxalabo malunga nohlobo lwakho lwesifo seswekile, jonga ugqirha wakho.

Ekuphela kwendlela yokuchonga ngokufanelekileyo i-LADA kukuvavanya izilwa-buhlungu ezibonisa ukuhlaselwa okuzenzekelayo kwiiseli zakho zeslet. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-GAD antibody ukumisela ukuba unayo na imeko.