Kutheni inyumoniya inokubulala abanye abantu

Umxholo

• Ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Kutheni isenzeka?
• Iindidi zenyumoniya enomngcipheko omkhulu
• Intsholongwane
• Intsholongwane
• Ngundo
• Ukuqonda iimpawu
• Ukuthintela iinyumoniya ezisongela ubomi
• Ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yakho
• Ukufumana ugonyo
• Ukuziqhelanisa nococeko
• Ukuphila ngendlela esempilweni
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

I-pneumonia sisifo semiphunga esinokubangelwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iintsholongwane, ibhaktiriya kunye nefungi. Xa unenyumoniya, iingxowa zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yakho ziyavutha kwaye zinokugcwalisa ulwelo okanye ubofu.

I-pneumonia isenokubakho ukusuka kosuleleko olungephi ukuya kolusisindisayo okanye olusongela ubomi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingakhokelela ekufeni. Ngokwengxelo, abantu abangaphezulu kwama-50 000 e-United States basweleke ngenxa yenyumoniya ngo-2015. Ukongeza, inyumoniya ngoyena nobangela wokufa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wecala elinzima okanye elisongela ubomi ngenyumoniya kwaye ngoba? Zintoni iimpawu ekufuneka ujonge kuzo? Ungaluthintela njani usulelo? Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Iinyumoniya zinokuchaphazela nabani na. Kodwa kukho ezinye emngciphekweni owandayo wokufumana usulelo olomeleleyo okanye olusongela ubomi. Ngokubanzi, abo basemngciphekweni omkhulu banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye imeko okanye indlela yokuphila echaphazela imiphunga yabo.

Abantu abasemngciphekweni owandayo wokuba nesifo esibuhlungu okanye esisongela ubomi se-pneumonia kubandakanya:

• abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala
• abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• abantu abalaliswe esibhedlele, ngakumbi ukuba babekwe kumatshini wokuphefumla
• abantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye imeko, enjenge-asthma, isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga okanye isifo seswekile
• abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yesifo esinganyangekiyo, ichemotherapy, okanye ukufakelwa komzimba
• abo batshaya imidiza

Kutheni isenzeka?

Iimpawu zenyumoniya zinokuba nzima okanye zingabonakali kwiindawo ezininzi ezisemngciphekweni. Kungenxa yokuba amaqela amaninzi asemngciphekweni anamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye imeko engaginyisi mathe.

Ngenxa yoku, aba bantu banokungalufumani ukhathalelo abaludingayo de usulelo lube qatha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukukhula kwazo naziphi na iimpawu kwaye ufune unyango kwangoko.

Ukongeza, inyumoniya inokuzenza mandundu iimeko ezingapheliyo, ngakumbi ezo zentliziyo kunye nemiphunga. Oku kungakhokelela ekwehleni ngokukhawuleza kwemeko.

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ekugqibeleni kwinyumoniya. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lokufa kweentsuku ezingama-30 liipesenti ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10 zezigulana ezibhedlele. Inokufikelela kwiipesenti ezingama-30 kwabo bamkelweyo kunyango olukhulu.

Iindidi zenyumoniya enomngcipheko omkhulu

Unobangela wenyumoniya yakho unokuhlala ugqiba ubuzaza bosulelo.

Intsholongwane

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane sisifo esibi kwaye iimpawu zenzeka ngokuthe chu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-pneumonia yentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima ngakumbi xa usulelo lwebacteria lukhula ngaxeshanye okanye lulandela inyumoniya yentsholongwane.

Intsholongwane

Ezi pneumonia zihlala ziba nzima kakhulu. Iimpawu zinokukhula kancinci kancinci okanye ziza ngesiquphe kwaye zinokuchaphazela i-lobes enye okanye ezininzi zemiphunga. Xa kuchaphazela ii-lobes ezininzi zemiphunga, umntu lowo ufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga inyumoniya yentsholongwane. Iingxaki ezinje ngebacteremia zinokwenzeka.

Usenokuba ukhe weva "ngokuhamba inyumoniya." Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo, le fomu yenyumoniya inyumoniya imnene kakhulu kwaye usenokungazi nokuba unayo.

Ngundo

I-fungal pneumonia ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kwaye ezi zifo zinokuba zibi kakhulu.

I-pneumonia inokuhlelwa kwakhona apho ifunyenwe khona-eluntwini okanye ngaphakathi esibhedlele okanye kulungiselelo lwezempilo. I-pneumonia efunyenwe esibhedlele okanye kwindawo ekugcinwa kuyo impilo iba yingozi kakhulu kuba sele ugula okanye ungaphilanga.

Ukongeza, ibacteria pneumonia efunyenwe esibhedlele okanye kulungiselelo lwezempilo kunokuba nzima kakhulu ngenxa yokuxhaphaka kokuchasana neyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ukuqonda iimpawu

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unempawu ezilandelayo, kuya kufuneka wenze idinga nogqirha wakho ukuba avavanyelwe inyumoniya enokwenzeka:

• ubushushu bomzimba obungaqhelekanga, obunjengomkhuhlane kunye nokugodola okanye ubushushu obusezantsi kunesiqhelo kubantu abadala okanye kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuphefumla nzima
• ukukhwehlela, mhlawumbi nge-mucus okanye i-phlegm
• iintlungu esifubeni xa ukhohlela okanye uphefumla
• ukudinwa okanye ukudinwa
• ukudideka, ngakumbi kubantu abadala
• isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye urhudo

Ukuthintela iinyumoniya ezisongela ubomi

Unokunceda ukuthintela usulelo lwe-pneumonia olubi okanye olusongela ubomi ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

Ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yakho

Qaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezixhalabisayo, ngakumbi ukuba unazo naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba inyumoniya inokulandela nolunye usulelo lokuphefumla, ngoko ke yazi naziphi na iimpawu ezitsha okanye eziya zisiba mandundu ukuba sele ukhona okanye usandula ukugula.

Ukufumana ugonyo

Amayeza amaninzi okugonya anokunceda ukuthintela usulelo olunokubangela inyumoniya. Oku kubandakanya:

• pneumococcal
• umkhuhlane
• Haemophilus influenzae (Hib)
• pertussis
• imasisi
• varicella

Ukuziqhelanisa nococeko

Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ngakumbi:

• emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese
• ngaphambi kokutya
• ngaphambi kokuchukumisa izandla zakho, ubuso, kunye nomlomo

Sebenzisa isicoci sezandla ukuba isepha ayifumaneki.

Ukuphila ngendlela esempilweni

Kuphephe ukutshaya iisigarethi kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ugcine amajoni akho omzimba omelezwa ngokwenza umthambo rhoqo kunye nokutya okusempilweni.

Ukuthatha

I-pneumonia sisifo semiphunga esinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha sikhokelele kwisifo esibi okanye esisongela ubomi kunye nokufa.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ufumana iimpawu zenyumoniya, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha, ngakumbi ukuba unezinto ezithile ezinobungozi. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, usulelo lunokukhawuleza lube mandundu kwaye lube semngciphekweni wobomi. Ukuchongwa kwangoko kubalulekile kwaye kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono.