Iimpawu zesilumkiso somhlaza

Umxholo

• Uninzi lomhlaza oqhelekileyo
• Ukuhla ukusinda
• Ifiva
• Ukuphulukana negazi
• Intlungu nokudinwa
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo
• Ulusu luyatshintsha
• Utshintsho ekwetyisweni
• Ukubila ebusuku
• Umhlaza ongenazimpawu zokulumkisa
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Abaphandi benze inkqubela phambili ekulweni nomhlaza. Okwangoku, uqikelelo lokuba kuyakuba ne-1,735,350 yamatyala amatsha afunyaniswe e-United States ngo-2018.

Ngokombono wehlabathi, umhlaza ukwenye yezona zinto zikhokelela ekufeni ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ngamanye amaxesha inokukhula ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Kodwa uninzi lwamatyala aneempawu zokulumkisa. Kwangoko ufumanisa imiqondiso yomhlaza, kokukhona amathuba okuphila angcono.

Uninzi lomhlaza oqhelekileyo

Ngokutsho kwe, le mihlaza ilandelayo ixhaphake e-United States, ngaphandle komhlaza wolusu ongelomhlaza webele:

• umhlaza wesinyi
• umhlaza webele
• Umhlaza wekolon kunye nomhlaza
• umhlaza endometrium
• umhlaza wezintso
• Ileukemia
• umhlaza wesibindi
• umhlaza wemiphunga
• imelanoma
• i-lymphoma engekho yeHodgkin
• umhlaza wepancreatic
• umhlaza wedlala lobudoda
• umhlaza wedlala lengqula

Umhlaza webele kunye nemiphunga zezona zixhaphakileyo kwezi, ngaphezulu kwama-200,000 aseMelika afunyaniswa unyaka nonyaka. Xa kuthelekiswa, kukho iimeko ezingaphantsi kwama-60,000 ezitsha zesibindi, i-pancreatic, okanye umhlaza wedlala lengqula minyaka le.

Izigidi zabantu eneneni zifunyaniswa zinomhlaza wolusu ongena-malmoma ngonyaka ngamnye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ube ngulo mhlaza uxhaphakileyo elizweni. Nangona kunjalo, ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo akufuneki bangenise ulwazi malunga nalo kwirejista yomhlaza, okwenza ukuba inani elichanekileyo lamatyala kube nzima ukuba likhonjwe.

I-Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) kunye ne-squamous cell cancer (SCC) zezi ntlobo zimbini zomhlaza wolusu we-nonmelanoma. Umhlaza wolusu we-nonmelanoma kunqabile ukuba ubulale, ukhokelela ekufeni komhlaza unyaka nonyaka.

Iimpawu ezichanekileyo ziyahluka phakathi kweentlobo zomhlaza. Ngapha koko, eminye imihlaza, efana neyepancreas, ayinakubangela zimpawu kwangoko.

Okwangoku, kukho imiqondiso yokuxela ekufuneka uyijongile.

Ukuhla ukusinda

Njengoko iiseli zomhlaza zihlasela ezisempilweni, umzimba wakho ungaphendula ngokunciphisa umzimba.

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society (ACS), abantu abaninzi ngequbuliso baphulukana neepawundi ezili-10 okanye nangaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba bafumane isifo somhlaza. Ngapha koko, oku kunokuba luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza.

Ukuphulukana nobunzima obungachazwanga kunokubangelwa zezinye iimeko zempilo, ezinje ngehyperthyroidism (idyroid esebenzayo). Umahluko ngomhlaza kukuba ukwehla kobunzima kunokuza ngesiquphe. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-cancer:

• umqala
• umphunga
• injeke
• isisu

Ifiva

Umkhuhlane yimpendulo yomzimba kusulelo okanye ukugula. Abantu abanomhlaza bahlala benomkhuhlane njengophawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo luphawu lokuba umhlaza usasazekile okanye ukuba ukwinqanaba eliphambili.

Umkhuhlane awufane ube luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza, kodwa kunokuba njalo ukuba umntu unomhlaza wegazi, njengeleukemia okanye i-lymphoma.

Ukuphulukana negazi

Eminye imihlaza ingadala nokopha okungaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, umhlaza wekolon okanye we-rectal unokubangela ilindle elinegazi, ngelixa igazi kumchamo linokuba luphawu lomhlaza wesinyi okanye wesinyi. Kubalulekile ukuxela ezo mpawu okanye nakuphi na ukukhutshwa okungaqhelekanga kugqirha wakho ukuze akuhlolisise.

Ukuphulukana negazi kunokuba nokuqonda ngakumbi kumhlaza wesisu, njengoko kunokuba ukopha ngaphakathi kuphela kwaye kunzima ukufumanisa.

Intlungu nokudinwa

Ukudinwa okungachazwanga kunokuba lolunye uphawu lomhlaza. Ngokwenyani yenye yeempawu eziqhelekileyo. Ukudinwa okungabonakali kuhamba nangona ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunokuba luphawu lwengxaki yezempilo- umhlaza yinto enye enokwenzeka.

Ukukhathala kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-leukemia, ngokwe-ACS. Ukukhathala kunokunxulumana nokuphulukana negazi kwezinye iisifo somhlaza.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza osasazekileyo, okanye u-metastasized, unokubangela iintlungu. Umzekelo, iintlungu zangasemva zinokubakho kwi-cancer yomhlaza:

• ikholoni
• iprostate
• amaqanda
• ingcambu

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo

Ukukhwehlela kunokwenzeka ngenxa yeziphi na izizathu. Yindlela yendalo yomzimba wakho yokususa izinto ezingafunekiyo. Umkhuhlane, i-aleji, umkhuhlane, okanye ubushushu obuphantsi bunokukhokelela ekubeni ukhohlele.

Xa kuziwa kumhlaza wemiphunga, nangona kunjalo, ukukhwehlela kunokuqhubeka ixesha elide ngaphandle koncedo. Ukukhohlela kunokuba yinto rhoqo, kwaye kunokubangela nokudakumba. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, usenokude ukhohlele igazi.

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo ngamanye amaxesha luphawu lomhlaza wedlala lengqula.

Ulusu luyatshintsha

Utshintsho lolusu luhlala luqhagamshelwa kumhlaza wolusu, apho ii-moles okanye iintsumpa zitshintsha okanye zandisa. Utshintsho oluthile kulusu lunokubonisa ezinye iindlela zomhlaza.

Umzekelo, amabala amhlophe emlonyeni angabonisa umhlaza womlomo. Amaqhuma okanye amaqhuma angaphantsi kolusu anokuba ngamathumba, njengakwisifo somhlaza wamabele.

Umhlaza unokubangela olunye utshintsho lolusu, njenge:

• ukukhula kweenwele
• hyperpigmentation, okanye amabala amnyama
• i-jaundice, okanye amehlo atyheli nolusu
• bomvu

Utshintsho lolusu ngenxa yomhlaza wolusu lunokubandakanya izilonda ezingahambiyo okanye izilonda eziphilisayo nezibuya.

Utshintsho ekwetyisweni

Eminye imihlaza inokubangela iingxaki kukutya, njengobunzima bokuginya, ukutshintsha ukutya, okanye iintlungu emva kokutya.

Umntu onomhlaza wesisu usenokungabi nazimpawu zininzi, ngakumbi kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, umhlaza unokubangela iimpawu ezinjengokugaya isisu, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye nokudumba.

Ingxaki yokuginya inokudityaniswa nomhlaza ohlukeneyo wentloko nentamo, kunye nomhlaza wokuqina.

Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyiyo kuphela umhlaza wephecana lesisu (GI) elinokubangela ezi mpawu. Umhlaza we-Ovarian unganxulunyaniswa nokudumba okanye imvakalelo yokugcwala engayi kuhamba. Isicaphucaphu nokugabha nako kungangumqondiso womhlaza wobuchopho.

Ukubila ebusuku

Ukubila ebusuku kunamandla ngakumbi ukubila kancinci okanye ukuziva ushushu kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo zibangela ukuba udikwe kukubila. Njengezinye iimpawu esele zikhankanyiwe, ukubila ebusuku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezingahambelani nomhlaza.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubila ebusuku kunganxulunyaniswa namanqanaba okuqala omhlaza, ukusuka kwi-leukemia ukuya kwi-lymphoma ukuya kumhlaza wesibindi.

Umhlaza ongenazimpawu zokulumkisa

Ngelixa uninzi lomhlaza luneempawu, ezinye iindlela zinobulumko ngakumbi.

Umhlaza wepancreatic awunakho ukukhokelela nakweyiphi na imiqondiso okanye iimpawu de ibe iqhubele phambili. Imbali yosapho, kunye nokudumba rhoqo kwepancreatic, kunokunyusa umngcipheko. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuhlolwa komhlaza rhoqo.

Ezinye iimeko zomhlaza wemiphunga zinokubangela kuphela iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo kunye neempawu ngaphandle kwesikhohlela esaziwayo. Iindidi ezithile zinokubangela ukonyuka kwamanqanaba egazi e-calcium, uphawu olunokuthi lungafunyanwa ngaphandle komsebenzi welebhu.

Umhlaza wezintso, ngakumbi kumanqanaba okuqala, lolunye uhlobo olunokuthi lungabangeli zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Umhlaza omkhulu okanye ophucukileyo wezintso unokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinjengeentlungu kwelinye icala, igazi kumchamo, okanye ukudinwa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zihlala zibangelwa zezinye izizathu ezinobungozi.

Imbonakalo

Ngokwengxelo ye, abantu abangama-609,640 kwaqikelelwa ukuba babulawa ngumhlaza ngo-2018. Amadoda asengozini enkulu kunabafazi yokuba namatyala abulalayo. Kwangelo xesha, i-ACS iqikelela ukuba ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-20 zabantu kulindeleke ukuba basinde kumhlaza ngo-2026.

Isitshixo sokusinda kumhlaza kukuthatha uxanduva lwempilo yakho. Qiniseka ukuba ungaphoswa ziimvavanyo zakho zonyaka, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba wenza konke ukuhlolwa njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha wakho - oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba umhlaza othile uqhuba kusapho lwakho.

Ngokujongana neempawu zokulumkisa kwangethuba, unokuwaphucula amathuba okuba ungabinamhlaza.