Yintoni iCytology kwaye yenzelwe ntoni

Umxholo

• Iindidi eziphambili
• 1. I-cytology yokuphefumla ye-thyroid
• 2. Unyango lwe-cytology
• 3. Ipap smear
• 4. ICytology yemfihlo yokuphefumla
• 5. ICytology yolwelo lomzimba

Uvavanyo lwe-cytology luhlalutyo lwamanzi omzimba kunye nokufihla, ngokufunda iiseli ezenza isampulu phantsi kwemicroscope, ukukwazi ukubona ubukho beempawu zokudumba, usulelo, ukopha okanye umhlaza.

Olu vavanyo luhlala luboniswa ukuhlalutya umxholo wee-cysts, amaqhuqhuva, ulwelo olungaqhelekanga oluqokeleleka kwimingxunya yomzimba okanye kwiimfihlo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nesikhohlela. Ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili ze-cytology zezo zenziwa kwi-aspiration punction ye-thyroid okanye i-nodules zamabele, kunye novavanyo lwe-pap smear okanye kwi-aspiration ye-secretion yokuphefumula, umzekelo.

Nangona uvavanyo lwecytology lunokuvavanya iintlobo ezininzi zotshintsho, lubizwa ngokuba yi-oncotic cytology xa ikhangela ngokuthe ngqo ubukho beeseli zomhlaza.

Kuya kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-cytology kunye ne-histology ziimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, kuba i-cytology ivavanya imeko yeeseli ezikhoyo kwizinto, zihlala zifunyanwa ngokugqojozwa, ngelixa i-histology ifunda iziqwenga zonke zethishu, ikwazi ukubona ukwakheka kunye nokwakhiwa kwento leyo, ihlala iqokelelwa yi-biopsy, kwaye ihlala ichanekile ngakumbi. Jonga ukuba yintoni i-biopsy nokuba yeyantoni.

Iindidi eziphambili

Eminye imizekelo yeemviwo zecytology zezi:

1. I-cytology yokuphefumla ye-thyroid

I-thyroid aspiration cytology okanye i-aspiration aspiration (FNAB) ye-thyroid yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvavanya i-thyroid nodules kunye ne-cysts, njengoko iyakwazi ukubonisa ukuba isisilonda esibi okanye esibi.

Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha uza kutyhoboza i-nodule, enokukhokelwa yi-ultrasound, kwaye afumane iisampulu zeeseli eziyenzayo. Emva koko, izinto zibekwa kwisilayidi esiya kuhlaziywa phantsi kwemicroscope, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuba iiseli zinempawu ezingathandekiyo ezinokubonisa umhlaza.

Ke, i-cytology ye-aspiration iluncedo ekukhokeleni olona hlobo lonyango lonyango lwe-nodule, ebonisa isidingo sokulandela kuphela, kwiimeko ezinobungozi, utyando lokususa i-thyroid, kwiimeko zokurhanelwa kobubi, kunye ne-chemotherapy ukuba ichongiwe umhlaza.

Fumana ngakumbi malunga nokuba olu vavanyo luyafuneka kunye nendlela yokuqonda iziphumo zokuhlatywa kwe-Thyroid.

2. Unyango lwe-cytology

Ukuphefumla ibele yenye yeendlela ezixhaphakileyo ze-cytology kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu kuvavanyo lweempawu zamabele okanye iiqhuqhuva zamabele, ngakumbi xa zikhula ngokukhawuleza okanye zibonisa iimpawu ezikrokrisayo zomhlaza. Qonda umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamabele.

Njengakwi-puncture ye-thyroid, ingqokelela yoviwo inokukhokelwa okanye ingakhokelwa yi-ultrasound, emva koko izinto zithunyelwe elebhu kuvavanyo lwecytology ukuvavanya iiseli ezenza izinto ezinomdla.

3. Ipap smear

Kolu vavanyo, ukukrwela kunye nokuxubha umlomo wesibeleko kwenziwa ukuqokelela iisampulu zeeseli ezivela kulo mmandla, eziya kuthi zimiselwe kwisilayidi zize zithunyelwe elebhu.

Ke, olu vavanyo luyakwazi ukuchonga usulelo lobufazi, ii-STD kunye neempawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Uphando lweseli yomhlaza lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cycology ye-oncotic cytology, eluvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu ekuchongeni kwangoko kunye nokuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Jonga ukuba uvavanyo lwePap lwenziwa njani kwaye uziqonde iziphumo.

4. ICytology yemfihlo yokuphefumla

Iimfihlo zokuphefumla ezinje ngesikhohlela esivela emiphungeni okanye kwiincindi zempumlo zinokuqokelelwa, zihlala zifuna ukuvavanywa elebhu. Olu hlobo lovavanyo luhlala lucelwa ukuba luzame ukuchonga into ebangela usulelo, ezinje ngefungus okanye ibacteria, njengesifo sephepha lesifo sephepha, umzekelo. Ukongeza, inokuvavanya ubukho beeseli zomhlaza, igazi okanye iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba.

5. ICytology yolwelo lomzimba

Ezinye iintlobo zamanzi kunye neencindi emzimbeni zinokuvavanywa kuvavanyo lwecytology, kwaye umzekelo oqhelekileyo yi-cytology yomchamo, xa kuphandwa ubukho bosulelo okanye ukudumba kwendlela yokuchama.

Omnye umzekelo obalulekileyo yi-cytology ye-ascitic fluid, engulwelo oluqokelela kwisisu esiswini, ikakhulu ngenxa yezifo zesisu, ezinje nge-cirrhosis. Olu vavanyo lunokucelwa ukuba ucacise unobangela we-ascites, kunye nokujonga usulelo okanye iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu. Funda nzulu ngale ngxaki kwezi zi ascites.

Ulwelo oluqokelelwa kwi-pleura lunokuqokelelwa kwakhona kwi-cytology, esi sithuba siphakathi kweembumba ezijikeleza imiphunga, kwi-pericardium, eyimbumba ejikeleze intliziyo, okanye ulwelo oluqokelelana kumalungu, ngenxa Isifo samathambo sibangelwa zizifo ezizimeleyo okanye ezosulelayo, umzekelo.