Ungayinyanga njani i-Asthma ebangelwa yiMozulu ebandayo

Umxholo

• Yintoni unxibelelwano phakathi kwemozulu ebandayo kunye nesifuba?
• Kutheni le nto umoya obandayo uchaphazela iimpawu zesifuba?
• Umoya obandayo womile
• Okubandayo kwandisa yencindi
• Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugule okanye ube ngaphakathi endlwini xa kubanda
• Ngawaphi amanyathelo abamele ukuwathatha abantu abanesifuba?
• Ungakuphepha njani ukuhlaselwa sisifuba kwingqele?
• Yintoni enye enokubangela uhlaselo?
• Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa sisifuba?
• Yintoni onokuyenza xa uhlaselwa sisifuba?
• Yintoni eyokuthatha abantu abane-asthma?

Yintoni i-asthma ebangelwa yingqele?

Ukuba une-asthma, unokufumanisa ukuba iimpawu zakho zichaphazeleka ngamaxesha onyaka. Xa bushushu ubushushu, ukuphuma ngaphandle kunokwenza ukuphefumla ngakumbi ngumsebenzi. Ukwenza umthambo engqeleni kunokuzisa iimpawu ezinjengokukhohlela kunye nokukhala ngokukhawuleza.

Nanku ukujonga ukuba yintoni ebangela isifuba esibangelwa yingqele kunye nendlela yokuthintela uhlaselo ngeenyanga zobusika.

Yintoni unxibelelwano phakathi kwemozulu ebandayo kunye nesifuba?

Xa une-asthma, iindlela zakho zomoya (iityhubhu ezinesithsaba somoya) ziyadumba kwaye ziye zitshise ngokuphendula kwizinto ezithile ezibangela oko.Iindlela zomoya ezidumbileyo zincinci kwaye azinakuthatha umoya omninzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto abantu abane-asthma bahlala benengxaki yokubamba umphefumlo wabo.

Ubusika lixesha elinzima ngakumbi kubantu abane-asthma. Isifundo saseTshayina ukusukela ngo-2014 safumanisa ukuba ukwamkelwa esibhedlele kwisifo sombefu kwanda ngeenyanga zobusika. Kwaye kwimozulu ebandayo emantla eFinland, ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-82 zabantu abanesifuba ababenako ukuphefumla kancinci xa bezilolonga kwimozulu ebandayo.

Xa usebenza, umzimba wakho ufuna ioksijini engakumbi, ngenxa yoko ukuphefumla kwakho kuyakhawuleza. Rhoqo, uphefumla ngomlomo wakho ukuze ungenise umoya ongaphezulu. Ngelixa impumlo yakho inemithambo yegazi eshushu nefume umoya ngaphambi kokuba ifike emiphungeni yakho, umoya ohamba ngqo ngomlomo wakho uhlala ubanda kwaye womile.

Ukuzivocavoca ngaphandle kwimozulu ebandayo kuhambisa umoya obandayo ngokukhawuleza kwiindlela zakho zomoya. Ikwabonakala ngathi inyusa amathuba okuba uhlaselwe sisifo sombefu. Yintoni malunga nomoya obandayo obangela iimpawu zesifuba?

Kutheni le nto umoya obandayo uchaphazela iimpawu zesifuba?

Umoya obandayo unzima kwiimpawu zesifuba ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi.

Umoya obandayo womile

Iindlela zakho zokuhamba ngomoya zihamba nomaleko omncinci wolwelo. Xa uphefumla umoya owomileyo, olwelo luphuma ngokukhawuleza kunokuba lunokubuyiselwa. Iindlela zomoya ezomileyo ziyacaphuka kwaye zidumbe, nto leyo iba mandundu iimpawu zombefu.

Umoya obandayo ukwabangela ukuba iindlela zakho zomoya zivelise into ebizwa ngokuba yi-histamine, ikwayikhemikhali efanayo eyenziwa ngumzimba wakho ngexesha lokuhlaselwa komzimba. Imbali ebangela ukuvutha kunye nezinye iimpawu zesifo sombefu.

Okubandayo kwandisa yencindi

Iindlela zakho zokuhamba ngomoya zikwanemaleko yencindi yokukhusela, enceda ekususeni amasuntswana angenampilo. Kwimozulu ebandayo, umzimba wakho uvelisa i-mucus engaphezulu, kodwa iyatyeba kwaye iyancipha kunesiqhelo. I-mucus eyongezelelweyo ikwenza ukuba ubambe ukubanda okanye olunye usulelo.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugule okanye ube ngaphakathi endlwini xa kubanda

Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumla zihlala zijikeleza ngeenyanga zasebusika. Ezi zifo ziyaziwa ukuba zibeke iimpawu zesifuba.

Umoya obandayo unokukuqhubela ngaphakathi, apho uthuli, ukungunda kunye nedander yezilwanyana zikhula kakuhle. Ezi allergener zibangela iimpawu zesifuba kwabanye abantu.

Ngawaphi amanyathelo abamele ukuwathatha abantu abanesifuba?

Qinisekisa ukuba umbefu wakho uphantsi kolawulo phambi kokuba kufike ubusika. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuze avelise isicwangciso sokusebenza se-asthma kwaye emva koko uthathe amayeza amiselweyo ngugqirha wakho. Ungawathatha amayeza yonke imihla (kulawulo lwexesha elide) okanye xa uwadinga (ukufumana isiqabu esikhawulezileyo).

Amayeza olawulo lwexesha elide ngamachiza owathathayo yonke imihla ukulawula iimpawu zakho zesifuba. Ziquka:

• i-corticosteroids ebhalwe ngaphakathi, njenge-fluticasone (iFlovent Diskus, iFlovent HFA)
• i-beta-agonists esebenza ixesha elide, enje nge salmeterol (Serevent Diskus)
• i-leukotriene modifiers, ezinje nge-montelukast (Singulair)

Qaphela: I-beta-agonists esebenza ixesha elide ihlala isetyenziswa ecaleni kwe-inhalled corticosteroids.

Amayeza okunceda ngokukhawuleza ngamayeza owasebenzisayo xa uwafuna, njenga phambi kokuzilolongela ingqele. I-bronchodilators emfutshane kunye ne-anticholinergics yimizekelo yala machiza.

Ungakuphepha njani ukuhlaselwa sisifuba kwingqele?

Ukuthintela uhlaselo lwesifuba, zama ukuhlala endlini xa iqondo lobushushu litsho liphantsi kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba lingaphantsi kwe-10 ° F (-12.2 ° C).

Ukuba kufuneka uphumele ngaphandle, vala impumlo nomlomo ngesikhafu ukuze ushushubeza umoya phambi kokuba uphefumle.

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezimbalwa:

• Sela iziselo ezingaphezulu ebusika. Oku kunokugcina i-mucus kwimiphunga yakho icekeceke kwaye ke kulula ukuba umzimba wakho uyisuse.
• Zama ukuthintela nabani na obonakala egula.
• Fumana ugonyo lwakho lomkhuhlane kwangoko ekwindla.
• Umshini kunye nothuli ikhaya lakho rhoqo ukususa i-allergen yangaphakathi.
• Hlamba amashiti neengubo zakho veki nganye emanzini ashushu ukuze ulahle uthuli.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokuthintela uhlaselo lwesifuba xa usenza imithambo ngaphandle kwimozulu ebandayo:

• Sebenzisa i-inhaler yakho imizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30 phambi kokuba wenze imithambo. Oku kuvula iindlela zakho zomoya ukuze uphefumle lula.
• Thatha i-inhaler kunye nawe xa unokuhlaselwa sisifuba.
• Zifudumeze ubuncinci imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 ngaphambi kokuba usebenze.
• Nxiba imaski okanye isikhafu ebusweni bakho ukufudumeza umoya ophefumla kuwo.

Yintoni enye enokubangela uhlaselo?

Ingqele yenye yezinto ezininzi ezibangela isifuba. Ezinye izinto ezinokuseta iimpawu zakho zibandakanya:

• umsi wecuba
• amavumba aqinileyo
• Izinto ezifana ne-pollen, ukungunda, uthuli kunye nokuntywila kwezilwanyana
• umthambo
• uxinzelelo
• usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwegciwane

Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa sisifuba?

Uyazi ukuba uhlaselwa sisifuba ngenxa yeempawu ezinje:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukukhohlela
• ukuvutha
• intlungu okanye ukuqina esifubeni sakho
• unengxaki yokuthetha

Yintoni onokuyenza xa uhlaselwa sisifuba?

Ukuba uqala ukubhuqa okanye uziva uphefumla kancinci, jonga kwisicwangciso sesenzo se-asthma osibhalileyo nogqirha wakho.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kangangokuba awukwazi ukuthetha, thatha amayeza akho asebenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye funa unyango kwangoko. Kuya kufuneka uhlale phantsi koqwalaselo de ukuphefumla kwakho kuzinze.

Nazi ezinye izikhokelo ngokubanzi zento onokuyenza xa uhlaselwa sisifo sombefu:

• Thatha ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu ukukhukhumeza kwi-inhaler yokuhlangula ekhawulezayo. Iyeza kufuneka livule iindlela zakho zomoya kwaye likuncede uphefumle lula.
• Unokwazi ukusebenzisa i-nebulizer endaweni ye-inhaler. I-nebulizer ngumatshini ojika iyeza lakho libe yinkungu ophefumlayo kuyo.
• Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho qatha kodwa aziphucuki ngokukhukhumala kokuqala kwi-inhaler yakho, linda imizuzu engama-20 emva koko uthathe elinye idosi.
• Nje ukuba uzive ungcono, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho. Kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokuthatha amayeza akho asebenza ngokukhawuleza iiyure ezimbalwa ngosuku okanye ezimbini.

Yintoni eyokuthatha abantu abane-asthma?

Uhlaselo lwakho lwesifo sombefu kufuneka luthothe xa sele uphume engqeleni kwaye uthathe amayeza akho.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki okanye zibonakala zisiba mbi nangaliphi na ixesha xa uphuma kobandayo, kungafuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba aqwalasele kwakhona isicwangciso sakho sesenzo sombefu. Banokucebisa ngokutshintsha amayeza okanye ukuza nezinye iindlela zokulawula imeko yakho.