I-Aphasia: yintoni kunye nendlela yokwenza unxibelelwano lube lula

Umxholo

• Indlela yokwenza unxibelelwano lube lula
• Iingcebiso kwabo bane-aphasia ukuze bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngcono
• Ungazi njani ukuba ngaba yi-aphasia
• 1. Kunzima ukuthetha - Broca's aphasia
• 2. Ubunzima bokuqonda- I-aphasia kaWernicke
• Lunjani unyango lwe-aphasia kunyango lwentetho

Ubunzima bonxibelelwano bubizwa ngokuba yi-aphasia ngokwenzululwazi, nto leyo edla ngokubangelwa lutshintsho kwingqondo, olunokuthi lubangelwe kukufa icala, ixesha elininzi, okanye ngenxa yethumba ebuchotsheni okanye ngenxa yeengozi zemoto, umpu okanye ukuwa kakhulu.

I-Aphasia ihambelana notshintsho lwe-neurological kwimimandla emibini yengqondo, eyaziwa njengendawo kaBroca kunye nendawo kaWernicke. Ngokwendawo echaphazelekayo, i-aphasia inokuhlelwa njenge:

• I-aphasia kaBroca, apho kukho ukubandakanyeka kwendawo yengqondo ejongene nolwimi, kunzima ukwenza izivakalisi ezipheleleyo kunye namagama okudibanisa, umzekelo;
• I-aphasia kaWernicke, apho kukho ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yengqondo ejongene nokuqonda ukuthetha, kunzima ukuba nencoko, xa intetho ingahambelani;
• Umxube we-aphasia, apho imimandla emibini ichaphazelekayo

Ukuphulukana nokukwazi ukuthetha nokuqonda kunokuba yinto yethutyana okanye esisigxina, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu se-aphasia. Kubalulekile ukuba i-aphasia ichongwe kwaye inyangwe yingcali yezentetho ukuze ivuselele indawo ezichaphazelekileyo kwingqondo, kwaye ke, izicwangciso ezinokuthi zamkelwe ukulungiselela unxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla.

Nangona ihlala ithathwa njengenzima ukunxibelelana nomntu one-aphasia, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iindlela ezinokwenza kube lula ukuhlala kunye kwaye ke kunciphise ukudakumba kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu.

Indlela yokwenza unxibelelwano lube lula

Into efanelekileyo kukuba ukongeza ekubekeni iliso kwisifo sokunyanga intetho, umntu unenkxaso kubahlobo nakusapho ukuze unxibelelwano lube lula. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba amanyathelo aphunyezwe akhuthaza kwaye aququzelele unxibelelwano nomntu one-aphasia, efana:

• Sebenzisa amabinzana alula kwaye uthethe kancinci;
• Vumela omnye umntu ukuba athethe engangxamanga;
• Ungazami ukugqibezela izivakalisi zomntu one-aphasia;
• Kulumkele ukungxola ngasemva njengonomathotholo ovulekileyo okanye iwindow evulekileyo;
• Sebenzisa imizobo kunye nezimbo zomzimba ukucacisa umbono;
• Buza imibuzo ethi impendulo yakhe ngu-ewe okanye u-hayi;
• Kunqande ukukhuphela ngaphandle isigulana esine-aphasia kwincoko.

Ukongeza, kunokuba yinto enomdla ukuseka izihloko ngaphambi kokuba iqale incoko, oku kuvumela umntu ukuba azi kakuhle ukuba incoko izakuba yintoni kwaye, yiyo loo nto, engabanjwa. Kunokuba ngumdla ukuqaphela iintlobo zotshintsho kunye nokuphendula kwesigulana esine-aphasia ngexesha lencoko, ukuze oogqirha bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neendlela zonyango ukuze benze ukuhlala kunye kungabikho mda.

Iingcebiso kwabo bane-aphasia ukuze bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngcono

Abantu abafunyaniswe ukuba bane-aphasia kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okwenza ukuba unxibelelwano lwabo lube lulwelo ngakumbi kunye neendawo ezichaphazelekayo zobuchopho ukuze zivuselelwe. Ke, ukuze sikwazi ukunxibelelana ngcono, umntu one-aphasia unokuba nephepha lokubhala elincinci kunye nepeni ukuze akwazi ukuveza izimvo ngemizobo, nangaliphi na ixesha xa kufanelekile ukunxibelelana, ngaphandle kokwenza umdla ukwenza incwadi encinci yamagama, imifanekiso kunye amabinzana owasebenzisa rhoqo.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba izimbo zomzimba ezifana no "yeka", "ijee", "ok" okanye "ngaphaya" zamkelwe, umzekelo, kuba ngaloo ndlela ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha, ungabonisa kwaye ke unxibelelane. Elinye icebo elinokubangela umdla kukuba nekhadi kwisipaji sakho okanye kwisipaji uchaze ukuba une-aphasia, ukuze abantu onxibelelana nabo bakwazi ukumilisela inkqubo yonxibelelwano.

Usapho lunokubandakanyeka ekuphuculeni unxibelelwano lomntu one-aphasia, luvuselele ngemifanekiso yamalungu osapho, ukuze umntu azame ukunika igama, okanye nokuba, abeke izitikha ezincinci ezinamathiselwe kwizinto ukuze umntu azame ukuzithiya ezi zinto, umzekelo "umnyango", "iwindow", "itafile" kunye nabanye.

Ungazi njani ukuba ngaba yi-aphasia

I-Aphasia inokubangela ubunzima ekuthetheni into oyifunayo okanye ubunzima ekuqondeni ukuba bathini abanye. Iimpawu ze-aphasia ziyahluka ngokwengingqi yengqondo echaphazelekayo, eyona ixhaphakileyo:

1. Kunzima ukuthetha - Broca's aphasia

Kolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, umntu ukufumanisa kunzima ukuthetha amagama awafunayo, uhlala endaweni yamagama angahambelaniyo okanye angavakaliyo kwimeko, njengokutshintsha "iintlanzi" nge "incwadi", kunzima ukwenza izivakalisi ezinamagama ama-2 kwaye uhlala exuba amagama angenakho namanye anengqiqo kwisivakalisi.

Ukongeza, kuqhelekile kwi-drill aphasia ukuba umntu atshintshe isandi samagama ambalwa, anje "ngomatshini wokuhlamba" u "laquima de mavar", kunye nokuthetha amagama angekhoyo ecinga ukuba akhona kwaye anengqiqo.

2. Ubunzima bokuqonda- I-aphasia kaWernicke

Kwi-aphasia kaWernicke, umntu akakuqondi oko abanye bakuthethayo, ngakumbi xa bethetha ngokukhawuleza, akanakukuqonda ukuba uthini omnye umntu xa kukho ingxolo kwindalo esingqongileyo, kwaye kunzima ukufunda iincwadi okanye nawuphi na umxholo obhaliweyo.

Kolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, kunokuba nzima ukuyiqonda ingqikelelo yamanani, njengokukwazi ukuba ngubani ixesha okanye ukubala imali, ukongeza ekuqondeni iziqhulo okanye amabinzana athandwayo anje ngokuba "kuyanetha iimela zepokotho", umzekelo .

Lunjani unyango lwe-aphasia kunyango lwentetho

Unyango lwe-aphasia luqalisiwe, kwiimeko ezininzi, ngeeseshoni zonyango kwi-ofisi yengcali yezentetho, ngemisebenzi evuselela indawo ezichaphazelekayo zobuchopho. Kwezi seshoni, ingcali yokunyanga intetho ingacela isiguli ukuba sizame ukuvakalisa izimvo zayo ngokusebenzisa intetho kuphela, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izijekulo okanye imizobo, umzekelo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ingcali yezentetho ingafundisa ukusebenzisa ezinye zezi ndlela, ukwenza izijekulo, ukwenza imizobo okanye ukwalatha izinto, ukunxibelelana ngcono.