Ubambo oluphukileyo: iimpawu, unyango kunye nokuchacha

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uya nini kwagqirha
• Uqinisekisa njani ukwaphuka
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Unonophelo lwemihla ngemihla
• Ixesha lokufumana kwakhona
• Zintoni izizathu

Ukophuka kwembambo kunokubangela iintlungu eziqatha, ukuphefumla nzima kunye nokonzakala kwizitho zangaphakathi, kubandakanya nokubola emiphungeni, xa ukwaphuka kunomda ongagunyaziswanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukwaphuka kwembambo kungabinamathambo ahlukeneyo okanye umda ongalinganiyo, kulula ukusombulula ngaphandle kwengozi enkulu yezempilo.

Unobangela ophambili wokophuka ezimbanjeni kukukhathazeka, okubangelwa ziingozi zemoto, ubundlongondlongo okanye ezemidlalo kubantu abadala nakubantu abancinci, okanye ukuwa, okuxhaphakileyo kubantu abadala. Abanye oonobangela abanokubakho kubandakanya ukutyeba kwamathambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, ithumba elikumbambo okanye ukwaphuka uxinzelelo, ebonakala ebantwini abaphinda-phinda iintshukumo okanye imithambo ngaphandle kwamalungiselelo afanelekileyo okanye ngendlela egqithileyo.

Ukunyanga ukwaphuka kwembambo, ugqirha uhlala ebonisa iipilisi zentlungu ukuthomalalisa iintlungu, ukongeza ekuphumleni nasekunyangeni ngokwasemzimbeni. Utyando luboniswa kuphela kwezinye iimeko, apho kungekho phuculo kunyango lokuqala, okanye xa ukwaphuka kubangela ukonzakala okukhulu, kubandakanya ukugqobhoza kwemiphunga okanye enye i-viscera yesifuba.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuqhekeka kwembambo zibandakanya:

• Iintlungu zesifuba, eziba mandundu ngokuphefumla okanye ukubetha kwesifuba;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Imivumbo esifubeni;
• Ukukhubazeka kwiindawo ezigudle unxweme;
• Crep izandi ngexesha Ngokucofa esifubeni;
• Intlungu iya isiba mandundu xa uzama ukujija umboko.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwaphuka kwembambo akunzima, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kunokubangela ukugqabhuka kwemiphunga kunye namanye amalungu kunye nemithambo yegazi esifubeni. Le meko iyakhathaza, njengoko inokubangela ukopha okusongela ubomi, ke kufuneka kuvavanywe ngokukhawuleza unyango kunye nokuqala konyango.

Ukophuka kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci abahlupheka kwimoto okanye ngesithuthuthu, kodwa kubantu abadala kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuwa, kwaye emntwaneni okanye emntwaneni, kukho urhano lokuphathwa gadalala, kuba iimbambo kwesi sigaba zihlala ngakumbi ebonisa ukuphindeka kokutyhala okanye ukwenzakalisa ngqo esifubeni.

Uya nini kwagqirha

Kuya kufuneka uye kugqirha ukuba uneempawu ezinje:

• Iintlungu zesifuba (ezenzelwe indawo okanye hayi);
• Ukuba ukhe wanokonakala okukhulu, njengokuwa okanye ingozi;
• Ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla ngokunzulu ngenxa yeentlungu ezonyukayo kwingingqi yeembambo;
• Ukuba ukhohlela nge-phlegm eluhlaza, emthubi okanye enegazi;
• Ukuba kukho umkhuhlane.

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kucetyiswa ukuba uye kwiCandelo eliNgxamisekileyo (i-UPA) elikufutshane nekhaya lakho.

Uqinisekisa njani ukwaphuka

Ukuxilongwa kokuqhekeka kwesifuba kwenziwa kuvavanyo lomzimba kagqirha, onokuthi a-odole iimvavanyo ezinje ngesifuba i-X-reyi, ukubona iindawo ezonzakeleyo kunye nokujonga ezinye iingxaki ezinjengokopha (hemothorax), ukuvuza komoya imiphunga esifubeni (pneumothorax), ukudumba kwemiphunga okanye ukwenzakala kwe-aortic, umzekelo.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokuthi lwenziwe sisifuba se-ultrasound, esinokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi iingxaki ezinje ngokuvuza komoya nokopha. I-chest tomography, kwelinye icala, inokwenziwa xa kusekho amathandabuzo malunga nokwenzakala kwizigulana ezisengozini ephezulu nakwizigulana ezinesibonakaliso sotyando.

Nangona kunjalo, ii-X-ray zifumanisa ngaphantsi kwe-10% yeefractures, ngakumbi ezo zingafuduki, kwaye i-ultrasonography nayo ayibonisi onke amacala, yingakho ukuhlolwa komzimba kubaluleke kakhulu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Eyona ndlela iphambili yokunyanga ukwaphuka kweengqameko zeendleko kunyango olulondolozayo, oko kukuthi, kuphela ngamayeza okuphelisa iintlungu, anje ngeDipyrone, iParacetamol, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, iTramadol okanye iCodeine, umzekelo, ukongeza ekuphumleni, umzimba uya kuba ophetheyo wokunyanga ukwenzakala.

Akucetyiswa ukuba ubophe nantoni na esifubeni kuba inokuthintela ukwandiswa kwemiphunga, ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nenyumoniya, umzekelo.

Kwiimeko zentlungu ebukhali, kunokwenzeka ukwenza inaliti, ebizwa ngokuba ziibhloko zeanesthesia, ukuthomalalisa iintlungu. Utyando aluhlali luboniswa ngesiqhelo, nangona kunjalo, kunokuba yimeko yeemeko ezinzima, apho kukho ukopha kakhulu okanye ukubandakanyeka kwamalungu embambo.

I-Physiotherapy nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, njengoko umthambo owanceda ukugcina amandla emisipha kunye nokuphakama kwamalungu esifubeni kubonisiwe, kunye nemithambo yokuphefumla enceda ekufumaneni iindlela ezingcono zokwandisa isifuba.

Unonophelo lwemihla ngemihla

• Ngexesha lokuchacha kukwaphuka akukhuthazwa ukuba ulale ngecala okanye esiswini, indawo efanelekileyo yokulala esiswini sakho kwaye ubeke umqamelo phantsi kwamadolo wakho kunye nenye entlokweni yakho;
• Akukhuthazwa ukuba uqhube kwiiveki zokuqala emva kokuphuka, okanye ukujija umboko;
• Ukuba ufuna ukukhwehlela, kunokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu ukuba ubambe umqamelo okanye ingubo esifubeni esifubeni ngexesha lokukhohlela. Xa uziva isifuba sakho, unokuhlala esihlalweni, ungqengqe itso lakho phambili ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumla ngcono;
• Sukuziqhelanisa nezemidlalo okanye imisebenzi yomzimba de kukhululwe ugqirha;
• Gwema ukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide (ngaphandle kokulala);
• Musa ukutshaya, ukunceda ukuphilisa ngokukhawuleza.

Ixesha lokufumana kwakhona

Uninzi lokophuka kwembambo luyaphiliswa kwisithuba seenyanga eziyi-1-2, kwaye ngeli xesha kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula iintlungu ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumla ngokunzulu, ukuthintela iingxaki ezinokuvela ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla ngokwesiqhelo.

Zintoni izizathu

Oonobangela abaphambili bokuqhekeka kweembambo zezi:

• Ukuxhwaleka esifubeni ngenxa yeengozi zeemoto, ukuwa, imidlalo okanye ubundlongondlongo;
• Iimeko ezibangela iimpembelelo eziphindaphindayo kwiimbambo, ngenxa yokukhwehlela, kwimidlalo okanye xa usenza intshukumo ephindaphindayo;
• Isisu okanye imastastasis emathanjeni.

Abantu abane-osteoporosis basemngciphekweni okhulayo wokuqhekeka kweembambo, kuba esi sifo sibangela ubuthathaka bethambo kwaye sinokubangela ukwaphuka ngaphandle kwempembelelo.