Unyango lwe-HIV: loluphi unyango olufundwayo

Umxholo

• Cocktail kwinto nje eyi-1
• 2. Ukudityaniswa kwee-antiretrovirals ezintlanu, ityuwa yegolide kunye ne-nicotinamide
• 3. Unyango lokugonya abantu abane-HIV
• 4. Unyango ngeeseli zeziqu
• 5. Ukusetyenziswa kwePEP
• 6. Unyango lwe-Gene kunye ne-nanotechnology
• Kungenxa yokuba uGawulayo akanakunyanga

Kukho uphando oluninzi lwenzululwazi malunga nonyango lwe-AIDS kwaye kule minyaka idlulileyo kuye kwavela inkqubela phambili, kubandakanya ukupheliswa kwentsholongwane egazini labanye abantu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba bayanyangeka kwi-HIV, kwaye kufuneka kubekwe iliso rhoqo kuyo ukuqinisekisa iyeza.

Nangona sele zikhona iimeko zonyango, uphando lokupheliswa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo lusaqhubeka, kuba unyango olwalusebenza komnye umntu alunakuba lolomnye, nokuba intsholongwane iyakwazi ukutshintsha ngokulula, eyona nto ibalulekileyo unyango olunzima.

Eminye inkqubela phambili malunga nokunyanga i-HIV zezi:

Cocktail kwinto nje eyi-1

Unyango lwe-HIV kunyanzelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe iintlobo ezintathu zamayeza mihla le. Isisombululo kule meko yayikukudala iyeza le-3-in-1, elidibanisa amayeza ama-3 kwiphilisi enye. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-3 kwi-1 iyeza le-AIDS apha.

Olu nyango, nangona kunjalo, alusileli ukuphelisa intsholongwane kaGawulayo emzimbeni, kodwa yehlisa umthamo wentsholongwane kakhulu, ishiya i-HIV ingabonakali. Oku akubonakalisi unyango oluchanekileyo lwe-HIV, kuba xa intsholongwane ibona isenzo sechiza, ifihla kwiindawo apho iyeza lingenakungena khona, njengengqondo, amaqanda kunye namasende. Ke, xa umntu eyeka ukuthatha amayeza e-HIV, iyaphinda iphindaphinde ngokukhawuleza.

2. Ukudityaniswa kwee-antiretrovirals ezintlanu, ityuwa yegolide kunye ne-nicotinamide

Unyango oludibanise izinto ezisi-7 ezahlukeneyo lube neziphumo ezincumisayo kuba ziyasebenzisana ekupheliseni intsholongwane kagawulayo emzimbeni. Ezi zinto ziyakwazi ukuphelisa iintsholongwane ezikhoyo emzimbeni, zinyanzela iintsholongwane ezifihle kwiindawo ezinjengengqondo, amaqanda kunye namasende ukuba zivele kwakhona, kwaye zinyanzela iiseli ezosulelwe yintsholongwane ukuba zizibulale.

Uphando ngabantu lwenziwa kweli cala, kodwa izifundo azikagqitywa.Ngaphandle kokuba kususwe iintsholongwane ezininzi eziseleyo, bekungekho lula ukuziphelisa ngokupheleleyo iintsholongwane. Kukholelwa ukuba emva kokuba oku kunokwenzeka, kusaza kufuneka uphando olongezelelweyo kuba umntu ngamnye unokufuna amayeza akhe athile. Elinye lamaqhinga afundwayo likwiiseli zedendritic. Funda ngakumbi ngezi seli apha.

3. Unyango lokugonya abantu abane-HIV

Iyeza lokunyanga liphuhlisiwe elinceda umzimba ukuba uqaphele iiseli ezosulelwe yi-HIV ekufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokudibanisa neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiVorinostat, elenza ukuba iiseli 'zilele' emzimbeni.

Kuphononongo olwenziwe e-United Kingdom, isigulana sikwazile ukuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane kagawulayo, kodwa abanye abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-49 khange babe neziphumo ezifanayo kwaye ke kufuneka uphando olongezelelekileyo kwindlela abasebenza ngayo de kube kwenziwe inkqubo yonyango inokusetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. Yiyo loo nto uphando oluthe kratya luya kuqhutywa kule ndlela kule minyaka izayo.

4. Unyango ngeeseli zeziqu

Olunye unyango, olunama-stem cells, lukwazile ukuyiphelisa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa nanjengoko ibibandakanya iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, ayinakusetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kuba olu lunyango olunzima noluyingozi kakhulu, kuba umntu om-1 kwaba-5 abamkela abantu bafe ngexesha lenkqubo.

UTimothy Ray Brown wayesisigulana sokuqala ukufumana unyango lwe-AIDS emva kokuba efakwe utyando kumongo wonyango lwe-leukemia nasemva kwenkqubo umthamo wakhe wentsholongwane wehla ngakumbi nangakumbi de kuvavanyo lwakutsha nje luqinisekisile ukuba ngoku akanayo i-HIV kwaye kuthiwe yindoda yokuqala ukuphiliswa nguGawulayo emhlabeni.

UTimothy ufumene iiseli ezinesiqu kwindoda ebinenguquko yemfuza emalunga ne-1% kuphela yabemi kumantla eYurophu: Ukunqongophala kwesamkeli seCCR5, esimenza ukuba amelane nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokwendalo. Oku kuthintele isigulana ekuveliseni iiseli ezosuleleke yi-HIV kwaye, ngonyango, iiseli ezazisele zisulelekile zazisuswa.

5. Ukusetyenziswa kwePEP

I-post-exposure prophylaxis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-PEP, luhlobo lonyango oluquka ukusebenzisa amayeza kanye emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, apho umntu anokosuleleka. Njengakweli xesha likhawulezileyo emva kokuziphatha kusekho iintsholongwane ezimbalwa ezijikeleza egazini, kukho ithuba 'lokunyanga'. Oko kukuthi, ithiyori umntu wosulelwe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kodwa wafumana unyango kwangoko kwaye oku kwanele ukuyishenxisa ngokupheleleyo i-HIV.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwala machiza kwenziwe kwiiyure ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuvezwa, kuba oku kusebenza ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lokufumanisa intsholongwane kaGawulayo emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 kunye nama-90 emva kokuba neentlobano zesini ngokungakhuselekanga.

Eli yeza linciphisa amathuba okusulelwa ngokwesondo yi-100% nangama-70% ngokusebenzisa iisringana ekwabelwana ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo akuyikhupheli ngaphandle imfuneko yokusebenzisa iikhondom kunxibelelwano olusenyongweni, kwaye ayikhupheli ngaphandle ezinye iindlela zokuthintela i-HIV.

6. Unyango lwe-Gene kunye ne-nanotechnology

Enye indlela yokunyanga i-HIV ngonyango lwemizila yemfuza, equka ukuguqula ubume beentsholongwane ezikhoyo emzimbeni, ngendlela ethintela ukwanda kwayo. I-Nanotechnology inokuba luncedo kwaye iyahambelana nendlela ekunokuthi ngayo kubekwe zonke iindlela zokulwa intsholongwane kwi-capsule eyi-1, ekufuneka ithathwe sisigulana iinyanga ezimbalwa, ilunyango olusebenzayo oluneziphumo ezinobungozi obuncinci. .

Kungenxa yokuba uGawulayo akanakunyanga

Isifo sikagawulayo sisifo esibuhlungu esingakanyangeki ncam, kodwa lukhona unyango olunokuwunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wentsholongwane kunye nokwandisa ubomi bomntu one-HIV, kuphuculwe umgangatho wobomi bomntu.

Okwangoku unyango losulelo lwe-HIV ngomlinganiselo omkhulu lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-cocktail yeziyobisi, ethi, ngaphandle kokungakwazi ukuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane kagawulayo egazini, iyakwazi ukwandisa iminyaka yobomi bomntu. Fumanisa okungakumbi malunga noku:

Unyango oluqinisekileyo lukaGawulayo alukafumaneki, nangona kunjalo lukufuphi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba izigulana ebezithathwa njengesiphilisiwe kwesi sifo zijongwe ngamathuba athile ukujonga ukuba amajoni omzimba asabela njani kwaye ngaba akukho mqondiso ubonakalisa ubukho bentsholongwane kaGawulayo.

Kukholelwa ukuba ukupheliswa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kunganxulunyaniswa nokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwamajoni omzimba kwaye kunokuvela xa umzimba womntu ukwazi ukuyichonga intsholongwane kunye nako konke ukuguquka kwayo, ukwazi ukuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo, okanye ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji entsha ukuba azijoliswanga ngqo ekuvuseleleni amajoni omzimba, njengoko kunjalo ngonyango lwemfuza kunye ne-nanotechnology, esebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.