Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi senile: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• 1. Isifo i-Alzheimer
• 2. Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esinemvelaphi yemithambo
• 3. Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esibangelwa ngamayeza
• 4. Abanye oonobangela
• Yintoni isifo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo sesenile sibonakaliswa yilahleko eqhubela phambili nengaguqukiyo yemisebenzi yengqondo, enje ngememori eguqulweyo, ukuqiqa kunye nolwimi kunye nokuphulukana nokubanakho ukwenza iintshukumo kunye nokuqonda okanye ukuchonga izinto.

Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo sesenile sivela rhoqo kubudala beminyaka engama-65 kwaye sesona sizathu siphambili sokukhubazeka kubantu abadala. Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kuthetha ukuba umntu akakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nexesha kunye nendawo, ukuphulukana naye ngokulula kunye nokuba nobunzima ekuqapheliseni abona bantu basondeleyo kuye, bamshiya kancinci engakwazi ukuqonda ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni ngakuye.

Ziintoni iimpawu

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kwaye zixhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo kwaye kungathatha iminyaka ukuzibonakalisa. Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo, ukudideka kunye nokudideka;
• Ubunzima ekuqondeni unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo okanye lomlomo;
• Kunzima ukwenza izigqibo;
• Ubunzima bokuqonda usapho kunye nabahlobo;
• Ukulibala iinyani eziqhelekileyo, njengosuku ezikulo;
• Utshintsho kubuntu kunye nengqondo ebalulekileyo;
• Ukungcangcazela nokuhamba ebusuku;
• Ukunqongophala kokutya, ukwehla kobunzima, ukungabikho komchamo kunye nelindle;
• Ukuphulukana nokuqhelaniswa kwindawo ezaziwayo;
• Iintshukumo kunye nentetho ephindaphindwayo;
• Kunzima ukuqhuba, ukuthenga wedwa, ukupheka kunye nokhathalelo lomntu;

Zonke ezi mpawu zikhokelela umntu ekuxhomekekeni okuqhubekayo kwaye kunokubangela ukudakumba, unxunguphalo, ukuphuthelwa, ukuba nochuku, ukungathembi, ukukhohlisa kunye nemibono kwabanye abantu.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Unobangela onokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo zezi:

1. Isifo i-Alzheimer

Isifo i-Alzheimer sisifo apho kukho ukonakala kwengqondo okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yayo yokuqonda, enjengememori, ingqalelo, ulwimi, ukuqhelanisa, ukuqonda, ukuqiqa nokucinga. Yazi imiqondiso yesilumkiso sesi sifo.

Izizathu azikaziwa, kodwa uphononongo lucebisa into yelifa, ngakumbi xa iqala kubudala obuphakathi.

2. Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esinemvelaphi yemithambo

Inokuqala ngokukhawuleza, inxulunyaniswa ne-cerebral infarction ezininzi, zihlala zihamba noxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nemivumbo. Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kubonakala kakhulu kuqwalaselo oluntsonkothileyo, umzekelo, isantya sokulungisa kunye nemisebenzi yolawulo lwangaphambili, njengokuhamba kunye nokuphendula ngokweemvakalelo. Fumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela ukubetha kunye nendlela yokuyiphepha.

3. Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esibangelwa ngamayeza

Kukho amayeza athi athathwe rhoqo, anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Eminye imizekelo yamachiza anokuwonyusa lo mngcipheko, ukuba uthathwa rhoqo zii-antihistamines, iipilisi zokulala, i-anti-depressants, iziyobisi ezisetyenziswa entliziyweni okanye kwiingxaki zesisu kunye nokuphumla kwezihlunu.

4. Abanye oonobangela

Kukho ezinye izifo ezinokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, njengesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esinemizimba yeLeyy, isifo seKorsakoff, isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob, isifo sikaPick, isifo sikaParkinson kunye nethumba lobuchopho.

Jonga ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo seLeyy, sesinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo.

Yintoni isifo

Ukuchongwa kwesifo se-senile kuhlala kwenziwa ngenani elipheleleyo legazi, izintso, isibindi kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid, amanqanaba e-serum we-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folic acid, i-serology ye-syphilis, i-glucose ekhawulezayo, i-computed tomography yekhakhayi okanye i-imagination yamagnetic resonance.

Ugqirha kufuneka enze nembali yonyango epheleleyo, ukuvavanya inkumbulo kunye nenqanaba lengqondo, ukuvavanya inqanaba lokuqwalaselwa kunye noxinzelelo kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki kunye nenqanaba lonxibelelwano.

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kwenziwa ngokungazibandakanyi ezinye izifo ezineempawu ezifanayo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-dementia ye-senile kwinqanaba lokuqala kubandakanya amayeza, anje nge-acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, i-anti-depressants, i-mood stabilizers okanye i-neuroleptics, kunye ne-physiotherapy kunye nonyango lomsebenzi, kunye nokhokelo losapho kunye nolondolozo olufanelekileyo.

Okwangoku, olona khetho lufanelekileyo kukugcina isigulana sengqondo esixhalabisayo kwindawo efanelekileyo neqhelekileyo, simenze asebenze, athathe inxaxheba kangangoko kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nonxibelelwano, ukugcina amandla omntu.