Into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neziphumo zedalalysis

Umxholo

• Zithini iindidi zedialysis?
• Uhlalutyo lweHemodialysis
• I-Peritoneal dialysis
• Unyango oluqhubekayo lokutshintsha kwakhona (CRRT)
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngohlobo lwedayalysis?
• Uhlalutyo lweHemodialysis
• I-Peritoneal dialysis
• Unyango oluqhubekayo lokutshintsha kwakhona (CRRT)
• Ngaba lukhona unyango lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zedialysis?
• Yintoni imbonakalo yabantu abaneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwi-dialysis?
• Ukuthatha

I-Dialysis yonyango olusindisa ubomi kubantu abanesifo sezintso. Xa uqala i-dialysis, unokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, ukungalingani kwemaminerali, amahlwili egazi, usulelo, ukuzuza ubunzima, nokunye okuninzi.

Iqela lakho lokukhathalela linokukunceda ulawule uninzi lweempembelelo ze-dialysis ukuze zingakhokeleli kwiingxaki zexesha elide.

Kule nqaku, siza kuphanda iziphumo zecala le-dialysis, kubandakanya ukuba kutheni zisenzeka kunye nendlela yokuzinciphisa ngexesha lonyango.

Zithini iindidi zedialysis?

I-Dialysis yinkqubo yonyango yokunceda abantu abanefilitha yokusebenza ephantsi kunye nokucoca igazi. Eyona meko ixhaphakileyo efuna ukuba i-dialysis kukusilela kwezintso. Zintathu iintlobo zedisisi.

Uhlalutyo lweHemodialysis

IHemodialysis isebenzisa umatshini obizwa ngokuba yihemodialyzer ukucoca inkunkuma egazini.

Phambi kokuqala kwehemodialysis, izibuko lokungena lenziwa kwindawo ethile emzimbeni, njengengalo okanye intamo. Le ndawo yokufikelela ke idityaniswe nehemodialyzer, esebenza njengezintso zokufakelwa ukususa igazi, ukuyicoca, nokuyihluza kwakhona emzimbeni.

I-Peritoneal dialysis

I-Peritoneal dialysis ifuna ukubekwa kwindawo yokuhambisa ithumbu esiswini. Inkqubo isebenzisa ulwelo lokuhluza ngaphakathi kwisisu sokucoca nokucoca igazi. Olu lwelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-dialysate, lubekwe ngaphakathi kumngxunya we-peritoneal kwaye luthatha inkunkuma egazini ngokuthe ngqo xa lijikeleza.

Nje ukuba ulwelo luwenzile umsebenzi walo, lunokutsalwa lilahlwe, kwaye inkqubo ingaqala kwakhona.

I-Peritoneal dialysis inokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho kwaye ngamanye amaxesha yenziwa ngobusuku oleleyo.

Unyango oluqhubekayo lokutshintsha kwakhona (CRRT)

Unyango oluqhubekayo lokutshintsha kwakhona, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-hemofiltration, lukwasebenzisa umatshini ukusetyenziselwa ukucoca inkunkuma egazini.

Olu nyango, luhlala lubekelwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okubangelwa ziimeko ezithile zonyango, lwenziwa kuphela kwisibhedlele.

Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngohlobo lwedayalysis?

Kubantu abaninzi ukusilela kwezintso, i-dialysis yinkqubo eyimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingozi kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezihamba nolu nyango.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezixhaphakileyo kuzo zonke iinkqubo ze-dialysis kukudinwa. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngohlobo lonyango zibandakanya:

Uhlalutyo lweHemodialysis

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, okanye i-hypotension, ngexesha le-hemodialysis kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahleka kwethutyana kolwelo ngexesha lonyango. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla ngexesha lonyango, unokuphinda uqaphele isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ulusu olunombala ongacacanga, kunye nombono omfiliba.
• Iintlanzi zemisipha. Ukuxhamla kwezihlunu kunokwenzeka ngexesha le-dialysis ngenxa yotshintsho kulungelelwaniso lwamanzi okanye lweeminerali. Amanqanaba asezantsi e-sodium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, kunye ne-potassium angadlala indima ekubambeni kwezihlunu.
• Ulusu olurhawuzayo. Phakathi kweeseshoni ze-hemodialysis, inkunkuma ingaqala ukuqokelela egazini. Abanye abantu, oku kungakhokelela kulusu olurhawuzayo. Ukuba ukurhawuzelela ikakhulu kwimilenze, inokubangelwa kukungazoli kwemilenze.
• Amahlwili egazi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufaka indawo yokufikelela kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemithambo yegazi. Ukuba ayishiywanga inganyangwa, oku kunokubangela ukudumba kwisiqingatha esingaphezulu somzimba okanye kumahlwili egazi.
• Usulelo. Ukufakwa rhoqo kweenaliti okanye i-catheters ngexesha le-dialysis kunokunyusa ukubonwa kwiibhaktheriya. Ukuba iibhaktheriya zingena egazini ngexesha lonyango, unokuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka okanye isifo sepsis. Ngaphandle konyango kwangoko, i-sepsis inokukhokelela ekufeni.
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Eminye imingcipheko kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-hemodialysis zingabandakanya i-anemia, ukulala nzima, iimeko zentliziyo, okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo. Uninzi lwezi ziphumo zibangelwa kukungalingani kwamanzi kunye neemaminerali ezinokubangelwa yi-dialysis.

I-Peritoneal dialysis

Ngaphandle komngcipheko wosulelo, iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-peritoneal dialysis zahluke kancinane kunezo ze-hemodialysis.

• I-Peritonitis. I-Peritonitis yintsholongwane ye-peritoneum eyenzekayo xa ibhaktheriya ingena kwi-peritoneum ngexesha lokufakwa kwe-catheter okanye ukusetyenziswa. Iimpawu ze-peritonitis zingabandakanya iintlungu zesisu, ukuthamba, ukuqunjelwa, isicaphucaphu, kunye norhudo.
• UHernia. I-hernia yenzeka xa ilungu okanye izicwili ezinamanqatha zityhala ngokuvuleka kwesihlunu. Abantu abafumana i-peritoneal dialysis basemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-hernia yesisu kuba i-dialysate ibeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo eludongeni lwesisu. Olona phawu luqhelekileyo sisiqhuma esincinci esiswini.
• Iswekile yegazi ephezulu. I-Dialysate iqulethe iswekile ebizwa ngokuba yi-dextrose, edla ngokusetyenziswa ngexesha lesondlo. Iswekile njenge-dextrose inyusa iswekile yegazi, enokuthi ibeke abantu abanesifo seswekile abafuna i-peritoneal dialysis emngciphekweni wehyperglycemia.
• Ipotassium ephezulu. I-potassium ephezulu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hyperkalemia, sisiphumo esibi kwicala lokusilela kwezintso. Phakathi kweeseshoni ze-dialysis, amanqanaba akho e-potassium angakha ngenxa yokungabikho kokucoca ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukutyeba kwakho. Ukutyeba kwakhona kunokubakho ngenxa yeekhalori ezongezelelweyo ezivela kulawulo lwe-dialysate. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe lokufumana ubunzima ngexesha le-dialysis, njengokungabikho kokuzilolonga kunye nesondlo.
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Abanye abantu, uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lweenkqubo zonyango rhoqo kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo. Uphando lukwacebise unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka phakathi kwe-dialysis kunye ne-dementia kamva ebomini.

Unyango oluqhubekayo lokutshintsha kwakhona (CRRT)

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeCRRT khange zifundwe ngokubanzi njengalezo zibangelwa zezinye iintlobo. Inye ukusukela ngo-2015 yafumanisa ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zeCRRT zibandakanya:

• amanqanaba e-calcium ephantsi, abizwa ngokuba yi-hypocalcemia
• amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium, abizwa ngokuba yi-hypercalcemia
• amanqanaba aphezulu e-phosphorus, abizwa ngokuba yi-hyperphosphatemia
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
• hypothermia
• arrythmia
• ianemia
• ubalo lweplatelet ephantsi, okanye i-thrombocytopenia

Ngaba lukhona unyango lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zedialysis?

Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zedialysis, kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kunye nezinye iimeko zentliziyo, zenzeka ngenxa yokungalingani kwezondlo ngexesha lonyango. Ingcali yokutya ebhalisiweyo inokubonelela ngezindululo ezifanelekileyo malunga nokutya, kubandakanya into oyityayo kunye nento omelwe ukuyiphepha.

Ezinye izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukunciphisa umngcipheko weempembelelo ze-dialysis zibandakanya:

• ukujonga ukufikelela kwindawo yakho rhoqo, enokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo
• ukufumana umthambo ngokwaneleyo, njengokuzilolonga okuphantsi ukuya kokuphakathi, okunokunceda ukunciphisa ukutyeba
• amanzi okusela okanye ulwelo ngokwemiyalelo yomboneleli wezempilo, enokunciphisa ukomisa
• ukuba neeseshoni ze-dialysis rhoqo, ezibonisileyo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuzuza ubunzima
• ukonwabela imisebenzi oyithandayo, enokuthi inyuse imood yakho kunyango lonke

Nangona iziphumo zecalysis ziqheleke ngendlela eyothusayo, kubalulekile ukugcina iqela lakho lokhathalelo kwiluphu malunga nayo nayiphi na into onokuba nayo. Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngexesha okanye emva konyango lwe-dialysis:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukudideka okanye ingxaki yokujonga
• iintlungu, ukuba bomvu, okanye ukudumba emilenzeni
• umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-101 ° F
• ukulahleka kwengqondo

Ezi mpawu zinokunxulunyaniswa ne-hypotension, i-hyperglycemia, amahlwili egazi, okanye usulelo olunzima kwaye lufuna unyango kwangoko.

Yintoni imbonakalo yabantu abaneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwi-dialysis?

Ukuba unesifo sezintso kwaye izintso zakho azisasebenzi, unokufuna i-dialysis yobomi bonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokufumana iimpawu ze-dialysis rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, usenokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo ngokulawula iimpawu zakho ngoncedo lweqela lakho lokhathalelo.

Ukuthatha

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-hemodialysis zibandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, ukuxhamla kwemisipha, isikhumba esilumkileyo kunye negazi. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-peritoneal dialysis ziquka i-peritonitis, i-hernia, utshintsho lweeshukela egazini, ukungalingani kwe-potassium kunye nokufumana ubunzima.

Xela naziphi na iimpawu ohlangabezana nazo ngexesha lonyango kwiqela lakho lokhathalelo. Banokukunceda ukubalawula ngotshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.

Ukuba uqaphela naziphi na iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kakhulu, iswekile ephezulu yegazi, amahlwili egazi, okanye usulelo olusasazekayo, kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango kwangoko.