Izifo zeMitochondrial: yintoni, izizathu, iimpawu kunye nonyango
Umxholo
Izifo zeMitochondrial zizifo zemfuza kunye nelifa elibonakaliswa kukusilela okanye ukuncipha kwemisebenzi ye-mitochondria, engenamandla emveliso yamandla kwiseli, enokubangela ukusweleka kweseli kwaye, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukusilela kwamalungu.
IMitochondria zizakhiwo ezincinci ezikhoyo ngaphakathi kweeseli ezinoxanduva lokuvelisa ngaphezulu kwe-90% yamandla afunekayo kwiiseli ukwenza umsebenzi wazo. Ukongeza, i-mitochondria iyabandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokwenza iqela lehemme zehemoglobins, kwimetabolism ye-cholesterol, ii-neurotransmitters kunye nemveliso yeeradicals zasimahla. Ke, naluphi na utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwe-mitochondria lunokuba neziphumo ezibi empilweni.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iimpawu zezifo ze-mitochondrial ziyahluka ngokutshintsha, inani le-mitochondria echaphazelekayo ngaphakathi kweseli kunye nenani leeseli ezichaphazelekayo. Ukongeza, zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka apho zikhona iiseli kunye nemitochondria.
Ngokubanzi, iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinokuthi zibonise isifo se-mitochondrial zezi:
- Buthathaka kwezihlunu kunye nokuphulukana nolungelelwaniso lwezihlunu, kuba izihlunu zifuna amandla amaninzi;
- Utshintsho lwengqondo kunye nokonakala kwengqondo;
- Utshintsho lwesisu, xa kukho utshintsho olunxulumene nenkqubo yokwetyisa;
- Iingxaki zentliziyo, zamehlo, zezintso okanye zesibindi.
Izifo ze-Mitochondrial zingavela nangaliphi na ixesha ebomini, kodwa kwangoko ukubonakala kokuvela komzimba, kokukhona ziya kuba mbi iimpawu kunye nomgangatho wokufa.
Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
Ukuxilongwa kunzima, kuba iimpawu zesifo zingabonisa ezinye iimeko. Ukuxilongwa kwe-mitochondrial kudla ngokwenziwa kuphela xa iziphumo zeemviwo eziceliweyo zingangqinelani.
Ukuchongwa kwesifo se-mitochondrial kudla ngokwenziwa ngoogqirha abagxile kwizifo ze-mitochondrial ngovavanyo lwemfuzo kunye nemolekyuli.
Izizathu ezinokubangela
Izifo ze-Mitochondrial zizofuzo, oko kukuthi, zibonakalisa ngokungabikho okanye ukungabikho kweenguqu kwi-DNA ye-mitochondrial kunye nefuthe lokuguquka kwiseli. Iseli nganye emzimbeni inamakhulu e-mitochondria kwi-cytoplasm yayo, nganye inezinto zayo zofuzo.
I-mitochondria ekhoyo kwiseli enye inokwahluka enye kwenye, njengoko isixa kunye nohlobo lwe-DNA kwimitochondria lungahluka ukusuka kwiseli ukuya kwiseli. Isifo seMitochondrial senzeka xa ngaphakathi kwiseli enye kukho i-mitochondria enezixhobo zemfuza eziguqulweyo kwaye oku kunefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwe-mitochondria. Ke ngoko, i-mitochondria enesiphene ngakumbi, amandla amancinci aveliswayo kwaye okukhona kunokwenzeka ukubhubha kweseli, okubeka esichengeni ukusebenza kwelungu elikuyo iseli.
Unyango lwenziwa njani
Unyango lwesifo se-mitochondrial lujolise ekukhuthazeni intlalo-ntle yomntu kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweevithamini, i-hydration kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ngokuchasene nokuziqhelanisa nezinto ezomeleleyo kakhulu emzimbeni ukuze kungabikho kunqongophala kwamandla ukugcina imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba umntu alondoloze amandla abo.
Nangona kungekho unyango oluthile lwezifo ze-mitochondrial, kunokwenzeka ukukhusela ukuguqulwa okuqhubekayo kwe-DNA ye-mitochondrial ekubeni idluliselwe kwisizukulwana kwisizukulwana. Oku kuyakwenzeka ngokudibanisa i-nucleus yeseli yeqanda, ehambelana neqanda elichumileyo kunye nesidoda, kunye ne-mitochondria esempilweni evela kwelinye ibhinqa, ebizwa ngokuba ngumnikeli we-mitochondria.
Ke, umbungu uya kuba nezinto zemvelo zabazali kunye ne-mitochondrial yomnye umntu, ebizwa ngokuba "ngumntwana wabazali abathathu". Ngaphandle kokusebenza ngokukuko ekuphazanyisweni kwemfuza, obu buchule kusafuneka benziwe rhoqo kwaye bamkelwe ziikomiti zokuziphatha.