Ngaba Wonke umntu Uyaphupha?

Umxholo

• Uphupha ntoni?
• Kutheni siphupha?
• Amaphupha anokukunceda ukudibanisa iinkumbulo kunye nenkqubo yeemvakalelo
• Ukuphupha ubuthongo kunokukunceda ukuba uqhubekeke nolwazi olugqithisileyo
• Kutheni abanye abantu becinga ukuba abaphuphi?
• Ngaba abantu abangaboniyo bayaphupha?
• Uthini umahluko phakathi kwephupha kunye nemibono?
• Ngaba izilwanyana ziphupha?
• Ngaba kukho amaphupha aqhelekileyo okanye imixholo?
• Ngaba ungawatshintsha okanye ulawule amaphupha akho?
• Ukuthatha

Phumla lula, impendulo nguewe: Wonke umntu uyaphupha.

Nokuba siyakhumbula into esiyiphuphileyo, nokuba siphupha ngombala, nokuba siphupha ubusuku bonke okanye rhoqo nje-le mibuzo ineempendulo ezinzima. Kwaye ke kukho umbuzo omkhulu ngokwenene: athetha ntoni amaphupha ethu?

Le mibuzo ibambe abaphengululi, iingcali zengqondo, kunye namaphupha kangangeenkulungwane. Nalu uphando lwangoku ngoku malunga nokuba ngubani, yintoni, nini, njani, kwaye kutheni amaphupha ethu.

Uphupha ntoni?

Ukuphupha lixesha lomsebenzi wengqondo owenzeka ngelixa ulele. Iphupha linamava abukekayo, amava abandakanya imifanekiso kunye nezandi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inuka okanye incasa.

Amaphupha anokudlulisa imvakalelo yolonwabo okanye iintlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha iphupha lilandela ibali elibalisayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lenziwa ngemifanekiso ebonakala ngathi ayihleliwe.

Uninzi lwabantu luphupha malunga neeyure ezi-2 busuku ngabunye. Ngelo xesha, abaphandi bokulala babecinga ukuba abantu baphupha kuphela ngexesha lokulala kwamehlo okukhawulezayo (REM), ixesha lokulala nzulu ngexesha umzimba uqhuba iinkqubo zokubuyisela. Kodwa uphando olutshanje lubonise ukuba abantu baphupha kwezinye izigaba zokulala, nabo.

Kutheni siphupha?

Abaphandi bebehlalutya iinjongo zebhayiloji, zokuqonda, kunye neemvakalelo iminyaka emininzi. Nazi izizathu ezibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ziphandwe kakuhle xa ufuna amaphupha akho.

Amaphupha anokukunceda ukudibanisa iinkumbulo kunye nenkqubo yeemvakalelo

Bafumene amakhonkco abalulekileyo phakathi kwamava obomi beemvakalelo kunye namava amaphupha abukhali. Zombini zenziwa kwimimandla efanayo yobuchopho kunye neenethiwekhi ezifanayo. Ukudlala amava obomi anamandla yenye yeendlela amaphupha anokusinceda siqhubele phambili iimvakalelo.

Kuyenzeka ukuba amaphupha enze uhlobo lokuziqhelanisa nokusombulula iingxaki ezinokuthi zikhulise amandla akho okusingatha iingxaki zobomi bokwenyani.

Enye inkolelo kukuba amaphupha - ngakumbi angaqhelekanga - anokunceda ukunciphisa amava awoyikekayo "kubungakanani" obunokulawulwa ngokubeka uloyiko ecaleni kwemifanekiso yamaphupha angaqhelekanga.

Ukuphupha ubuthongo kunokukunceda ukuba uqhubekeke nolwazi olugqithisileyo

Uphando olutsha lubonakala lubonisa ukuba ngelixa silele kwi-REM, inqanaba lokulala xa uninzi lwamaphupha ethu eveliswa, ingqondo ihlela oko sikufundileyo okanye esikufumanileyo emini.

Kwiimpuku kwiYunivesithi yaseHokkaido eJapan, abaphandi balandelela ukuveliswa kwehomoni ye-melanin (MCH), imolekyuli ethumela imiyalezo kwiziko lememori yengqondo kwihippocampus.

Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ngexesha lokulala kwe-REM, ingqondo ivelisa iMCH ngakumbi kwaye iMCH inxibelelene nayo ukulibala. Abaphandi bagqiba kwelokuba ukusebenza kweekhemikhali ngexesha lokulala ngamandla kwe-REM kunceda ingqondo iyeke ulwazi olugqithisileyo oluqokelelwe emini.

Kutheni abanye abantu becinga ukuba abaphuphi?

Impendulo emfutshane kukuba abantu abangawakhumbuli amaphupha abo banokugqiba ngokulula ukuba abaphuphi. Ukungawakhumbuli amaphupha kuyinto eqhelekileyo. I-2012 enkulu yabantu abangaphezu kwe-28,000 yabantu yafumanisa ukuba kuqhelekile ukuba amadoda alibale amaphupha abo kunabafazi.

Kodwa qiniseka, nokuba awusoze ukhumbule ukuba uphuphe ebomini bakho bonke, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphupha ebusuku.

Ngomnye u-2015, abaphandi babeke esweni abantu abangazange bawakhumbule amaphupha abo kwaye bafumanisa ukuba babonisa “isimilo kunye neentetho ezintsonkothileyo, ezibukekayo neziphupha” ngelixa belele.

Abanye bacebisa ukuba njengoko sikhula, amandla ethu okukhumbula amaphupha ethu ayancipha, kodwa nokuba siyaphupha kancinci njengoko sikhula okanye sikhumbula okuncinci kuba eminye imisebenzi yokuqonda iyancipha ayikaziwa.

Ngaba abantu abangaboniyo bayaphupha?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo, abaphandi bakholelwa, inzima. Izifundo ezindala zafumanisa ukuba abantu abaphulukene nombono wabo emva kweminyaka ye-4 okanye ye-5 banako "ukubona" ​​emaphupheni abo. Kodwa kukho ubungqina bokuba abantu abazalwe bengaboni (ukuzalwa okungaboniyo) banokuba namava abonakalayo ngelixa bephupha.

Ngo-2003, abaphandi babeke iliso kwimisebenzi yengqondo yokulala yabantu abazelwe bengaboni kunye nabantu abazelwe benamehlo. Xa izifundo zophando zivuka, bacelwa ukuba bazobe nayiphi na imifanekiso ebonakale emaphupheni abo.

Nangona bambalwa abathathi-nxaxheba abangaboniyo abakhumbula oko babephupha, abo bakwenzayo babekwazi ukuzoba imifanekiso emaphupheni abo. Ngokufanayo, uhlalutyo lwe-EEG lubonise ukuba omabini la maqela afumana umsebenzi obonakalayo ngexesha lokulala kwabo.

Kutshanje, uphononongo luka-2014 lufumanise ukuba abantu abanokungaboni ngamehlo kunye nokungaboni emva kwexesha bafumana amaphupha anezandi ezicacileyo, amavumba, kunye neemvakalelo ezibambekayo kunabantu ababonayo.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwephupha kunye nemibono?

Amaphupha kunye nemibono ngamava amaninzi, kodwa kukho ukungafani phakathi kwezi zibini. Umahluko omkhulu kukuba amaphupha ayenzeka xa ulele, kwaye nemibono yenzeka xa uvukile.

Omnye umahluko kukuba iphupha lihlala lahlukile kwinto yokwenyani, ngelixa ii-hallucinations "zigqunywe" kuwo onke amava akho okuziva ovukayo.

Ngamanye amagama, ukuba umntu obona izinto ezingekhoyo ubona isigcawu egumbini, ulwazi malunga nolunye igumbi luqhutywa ngokuchanekileyo nangaphantsi, ecaleni komfanekiso wesigcawu.

Ngaba izilwanyana ziphupha?

Nawuphi na umnini wesilwanyana ojonge imilenze yenja eleleyo okanye ikati kubonakala ngathi uyaleqa okanye abaleke angawuphendula lo mbuzo ngo-ewe oqinisekileyo. Ukulala, ubuncinci ukuya kufikelela kwizilwanyana ezininzi ezanyisayo.

Ngaba kukho amaphupha aqhelekileyo okanye imixholo?

Ewe, imixholo ethile ibonakala iphindaphindeka emaphupheni abantu. Izifundo ezininzi kunye nodliwanondlebe baphonononge umxholo wephupha, kwaye iziphumo zibonisa:

• Uphupha kumntu wokuqala.
• Iimpawu zamava akho aphilayo zenza iphupha, kubandakanya izinto ezikuxhalabisayo kunye neziganeko zangoku.
• Amaphupha akho awahlali esenzeka ngokulandelelana okuvakalayo.
• Amaphupha akho ahlala ebandakanya iimvakalelo ezinamandla.

Ngenye i-2018 yamaphupha amabi angaphezulu kwe-1,200, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba amaphupha amabi ahlala ebandakanya ukugrogriswa okanye ukugxothwa, okanye abo babathandayo benzakaliswa, bebulawa, okanye besengozini.

Awunakumangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba izilo ziyabonakala kumaphupha amabi abantwana, kodwa kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba izilo kunye nezilwanyana zisabonakala kumaphupha amabi phaya kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo.

Ngaba ungawatshintsha okanye ulawule amaphupha akho?

Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukuhambisa iphupha eliluhlaza, ngamava okulala acacileyo xa usazi ukuba usephupheni. Kukho izinto ezibonisa ukuba ukuphupha okunesidima kunokubanceda abantu abanamava oxinzelelo okanye abaye bafumanisa ukuba bane-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Ukuba unamaphupha amabi aphazamisa ukulala kwakho kunye nobomi bakho beemvakalelo, unyango lokuziqhelanisa nemifanekiso lunokunceda. Ugqirha wakho anganakho ukumisela amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi abizwa ngokuba yi-prazosin (Minipress).

Ukuthatha

Bonke abantu - kunye nezilwanyana ezininzi - baphupha xa belele, nangona ingenguye wonke umntu kamva okhumbula oko baphuphileyo. Uninzi lwabantu luphupha malunga namava abo obomi kunye neenkxalabo, kwaye uninzi lwamaphupha lubandakanya ukubonwa, izandi, kunye neemvakalelo, kunye namanye amava abonisa ngathi anuka kunye nezinto azithandayo.

Amaphupha anokukunceda ukuba uqhubekeke ngokwenzekayo kwihlabathi elikhulu kunye nakubomi bakho bobuqu. Abanye abantu baye baphumelela ekulawuleni amaphupha abuhlungu abangelwa ngamayeza, unyango lokuziqhelanisa nomfanekiso, kunye nokuphupha okuhle.

Ngenxa yokuba amaphupha asebenza ngokubaluleka kwengqondo kunye neemvakalelo, kuyinto entle kakhulu ukuba sifumane amaphupha ngelixa silele-nokuba siyalibala xa sivuka.