Nantsi iNdlela yokuNikela ngePlasma yeConvalescent yezigulana ze-COVID-19

Umxholo

• Ke, yintoni i-Convalescent Plasma Therapy, ngokuchanekileyo?
• Ngubani onokunikela ngePlasma yeConvalescent yeCVV-19?
• Yintoni i-Convalescent Plasma Donation?
• Uphengululo lwe

Ukusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Matshi, ubhubhane we-coronavirus uqhubekile nokufundisa ilizwe- kunye nehlabathi-umkhosi opheleleyo wesigama esitsha: ukudideka kwezentlalo, izixhobo ezikhuselayo (PPE), ukulandelela umkhondo, ukubiza nje ezimbalwa. Kubonakala ngathi kusuku ngalunye oludlulayo (olubonakala luhleli) kubukho boluphuhliso olutsha olunikezela imeko efanelekileyo yamabinzana ukongeza kwisichazi-magama esihlala sikhula se-COVID-19. Enye yezongezo zamva nje kwigama lakho elityebileyo? Unyango lweplasma lwe-convalescent.

Awuqhelanga? Ndizakuchaza…

Nge-23 ka-Agasti ka-2020 iU.S.Ukutya noLawulo lweeDrug (FDA) yagunyazisa ukusetyenziswa ngokungxamisekileyo kweplasma yokuchacha - icandelo elityebileyo lomzimba elithathwe kwizigulana ezifumene kwakhona ze-COVID-19- kunyango lwamatyala abukhali e-coronavirus. Emva koko, ngaphezulu kweveki kamva, ngo-Septemba 1, i-COVID-19 Panel Guidelines Panel, eyinxalenye yamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke (NIH), yajoyina le ncoko, isithi "akukho datha yaneleyo yokucebisa okanye ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa Yiplasma ekulunwa kuyo ukuze kunyangwe iCOVID-19. ”

Phambi kwalo mdlalo weqonga, i-convalescent plasma yanikezelwa kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 ezigulayo nge-Mayo Clinic ekhokelwa yiNkqubo yoFikelelo eyandisiweyo (EAP), eyayifuna ukubhaliswa kukagqirha ukuze kucelwe i-plasma kwizigulana, ngokwe-FDA. Ngoku, ukuya phambili, i-EAP iphelile kwaye ithathelwa indawo yi-FDA's Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), evumela oogqirha nezibhedlele ukuba bacele iplasma ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana neendlela ezithile zobhaliso. Kodwa, njengoko kugxininisiwe yingxelo ye-NIH yakutshanje, uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ngaphambi kokuba nabani na akwazi ngokusemthethweni (nangokukhuselekileyo) ukucebisa unyango lweplasma njengonyango oluthembekileyo lwe-COVID-19.

Unyango lwe-plasma ye-Convalescent lufikeleleka ngakumbi kunangaphambili njengonyango olunokubakho lwe-COVID-19 e-US, kodwa yintoni kanye kanye? Kwaye unganikela njani ngeplasma ye-convalescent kwizigulana ze-COVID-19? Ngaphambili, yonke into ekufuneka uyazi.

Ke, yintoni i-Convalescent Plasma Therapy, ngokuchanekileyo?

Okokuqala, yintoni iplasma? I-Convalescent (isichazi kunye nesibizo) ibhekisa kuye nabani na ochacha kwisifo, kwaye iplasma yinxalenye yegazi etyheli, elulwelo equlethe izilwa-buhlungu zesifo, ngokwe-FDA. Kwaye, ukuba uthe waphoswa yiklasi yebhayoloji yebanga lesi-7, ii-antibodies ziiproteni ezenzelwe ukulwa usulelo oluthile emva kolo sulelo.

Ke, iplasma yokuphola ilula nje ukuba yiplasma yomntu ofunyenwe esi sifo- kule meko, i-COVID-19, utshilo uBrenda Grossman, MD, umlawuli wezonyango kwiTransfusion Medicine kwisibhedlele i-Barnes-Jewish, kunye nonjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yaseWashington. Amayeza eSt. Ugqirha Grossman uthi:

Ngoku kulapho iyeza liza khona: Nje ukuba iplasma ifunyanwe emntwini ofunyenwe kwakhona, itofelwa kwisigulana esigulayo (kwaye ngokufuthi kakhulu) ukuze izilwa-buhlungu zibe nethemba "lokuthomalalisa intsholongwane kwaye zikhulise ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane. emzimbeni, utshilo uEmily Stoneman, MD, ingcali yezifo ezosulelayo kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan eAnn Arbor. Ngamanye amazwi, isetyenziselwa "ukunyusa amandla omzimba wesigulana kwaye ngethemba lokunciphisa impembelelo yesigulo."

Kodwa, njengakuninzi ebomini (ugh, ukuthandana), ixesha yinto yonke. Stoneman uyacacisa: "Kuthatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuba umntu osulelwe yi-COVID-19 avelise ezi ntsholongwane." Izigulana ekuguleni kakhulu,” Ke ngoko, ngelixa uphando olungakumbi lusafuneka ukuze kubonwe ukusebenza konyango lwe-plasma ye-convalescent, ingqiqo yangoku yeyokuba xa isigulana silufumana kwangoko unyango, kokukhona sibona iziphumo ezilungileyo. (Idibeneyo: Indlela yokujongana nexhala lezeMpilo ngexesha le-COVID-19, nangaphaya kwayo)

Ngubani onokunikela ngePlasma yeConvalescent yeCVV-19?

Inombolo yokuqala: ubunayo i-coronavirus kwaye unovavanyo lokuyingqina.

"Abantu banokunikela ngeplasma ukuba banokusulelwa yi-COVID-19 ngamaxwebhu elebhu (nokuba yi-nasopharyngeal [nasal] swab okanye uvavanyo lwe-antibody oluchanekileyo), baye bachacha ngokupheleleyo, kwaye baneempawu ezingaqondakaliyo kangangeeveki ezimbini," ngokuka-Hyunah Yoon, MD, ingcali yesifo esosulelayo eAlbert Einstein College of Medicine. (Kwakhona funda: Luthetha ukuthini ngokwenene uVavanyo oluPositive Anti-Body?)

Awunalo uxilongo oluqinisekisiweyo kodwa uqinisekile ukuba uneempawu ze-coronavirus? Iindaba ezimnandi: Ungalucwangcisa uvavanyo lwe-anti-antibody kwi-American Red Cross yakho, kwaye ukuba iziphumo zilungile kwii-antibodies, qhubeka ngokufanelekileyo-okt, ewe, okoko nje udibana nezinye iimfuno zabanikeli, njengokungabinampawu ubuncinci iintsuku ezili-14 ngaphambi komnikelo. Ngelixa iiveki ezimbini ngaphandle kweempawu kucetyiswa yi-FDA, ezinye izibhedlele kunye nemibutho inokufuna ukuba abanikeli bangabinazimpawu kwiintsuku ezingama-28, utshilo uGqirha Grossman

Ngaphaya koko, i-American Red Cross ikwafuna ukuba abanikeli beplasma ye-convalescent ubuncinci baneminyaka eli-17 ubudala, banobunzima be-110 lbs, kwaye bahlangabezane neemfuno zombutho wophando ngegazi. (Jonga esi sikhokelo ekunikezeni igazi ukuze ubone ukuba ulungile na ngokuya ngokwezo mfuno.) Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngamaxesha angengobhubhane, unakho (kunye ne-TBH,) kufuneka unikezele ngeplasma ukuba isetyenziselwe Olunye unyango, yithi, abaguli abanomhlaza kunye namaxhoba otshisayo kunye nawengozi, ngokweZiko leGazi laseNew York.

Yintoni i-Convalescent Plasma Donation?

Nje ukuba ucwangcise utyelelo kwindawo yakho yezipho, lixesha lokulungisa. Konke okubandakanya ngokwenene, nangona kunjalo, ukusela ulwelo olwaneleyo (ubuncinci i-16oz.) kunye nokutya okuneprotheyini kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwesinyithi (inyama ebomvu, intlanzi, iimbotyi, isipinatshi) iiyure ezikhokelela ekuqeshweni kwakho ukukhusela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ubuncinci, kunye isiyezi, ngokwe American Red Cross.

Ivakala iqhelekile? Kungenxa yokuba iplasma kunye negazi lifana ncam - ngaphandle kwesenzo sokunikela. Ukuba ukhe wanika igazi, uyazi ukuba ulwelo luphuma ngaphandle kwengalo yakho luye engxoweni kwaye konke okunye kuyimbali. Ukunikela ngeplasma yinto encinci ngakumbi, impazamo, inzima. Ngexesha lomnikelo weplasma kuphela, igazi litsalwa ngengalo enye lize lithunyelwe kumatshini ophakamileyo oqokelela iplasma uze ubuyisele iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets-kunye ne-hydrate saline (aka salt salt) -ubuyele emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubalulekile njengoko iplasma inamanzi angama-92 ekhulwini, ngokutsho kwe-American Red Cross, kwaye inkqubo yokunikela inyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (ngaphezulu koku kungezantsi). Yonke inkqubo yokunikela kufuneka ithathe kuphela malunga neyure kunye nemizuzu ye-15 (kuphela malunga nemizuzu eyi-15 ubude kunomnikelo wegazi kuphela), ngokutsho kwe-American Red Cross.

Kananjalo njengokunikela ngegazi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokunika iplasma zincinci - emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kuya kufuneka ubesempilweni entle ukuze ulunge kwasekuqaleni. Oko bekutshiwo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokwenzeka kakhulu. Kwaye ngenxa yeso sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba unyuse umthamo wakho wamanzi ngaphezulu kwale mihla (s) ilandelayo kwaye uyeke ngokucacileyo ukuphakamisa okunzima kunye nokuzilolonga ubuncinci bemini yonke. Kwaye ungakhathazeki malunga nokuba umzimba wakho uphantsi kolwelo olubalulekileyo, njengoko lunakho (kwaye lwenza) endaweni yegazi okanye iplasma kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-48.

Ngokuphathelele umngcipheko wakho we-COVID-19? Loo nto mayingabi yixhala apha. Uninzi lweziko lokunikela ngegazi lenziwa ngokuqeshwa kuphela ukuzama ukugcina ezona ndlela zokugqwesa kwezentlalo kwaye ziye zaphumeza amanyathelo okhuseleko njengoko kuchaziwe liZiko loLawulo lweZifo noKhuseleko (CDC).

Ulwazi kweli bali luchanekile ngexesha lokushicilelwa. Njengoko uhlaziyo malunga ne-coronavirus i-COVID-19 iqhubeka nokuvela, kunokwenzeka ukuba ulwazi kunye neengcebiso kweli bali zitshintshile okoko kwapapashwa okokuqala. Siyakukhuthaza ukuba ujonge rhoqo ngezixhobo ezinjenge-CDC, i-WHO, kunye nesebe lezempilo likarhulumente kwindawo yakho yokufumana olona lwazi lwanamhlanje kunye neengcebiso.

Uphengululo lwe