IPlasmapheresis: Yintoni onokuyilindela

Umxholo

• Yintoni injongo yeplasmapheresis?
• Ilawulwa njani i-plasmapheresis?
• Ndingayilungiselela njani iplasmapheresis?
• Zithini izibonelelo zeplasmapheresis?
• Buphi ubungozi beplasmapheresis?
• Ngaba iplasmapheresis igutyungelwe yi-inshurensi?
• Ithini imbonakalo emva kweplasmapheresis?

Yintoni iplasmapheresis?

I-Plasmapheresis yinkqubo apho inxenye yegazi, okanye iplasma, yahlulwe kwiiseli zegazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-plasma ithathelwa indawo sesinye isisombululo njenge-saline okanye i-albin, okanye iplasma iyanyangwa kwaye ibuyiselwe emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuba uyagula, iplasma yakho inokuqulatha izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela amajoni omzimba. Umatshini unokusetyenziselwa ukususa iplasma echaphazelekayo kwaye ubeke endaweni yayo ngeplasma elungileyo okanye endaweni yeplasma. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba kukutshintshiselana ngeplasma. Inkqubo iyafana ne-dialysis yezintso.

I-Plasmapheresis nayo inokubhekisa kwinkqubo yokunikezelwa kweplasma, apho iplasma isuswe kwaye iiseli zegazi zibuyiselwe emzimbeni wakho.

Yintoni injongo yeplasmapheresis?

I-Plasmapheresis inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka komzimba kubandakanya:

• imysthenia gravis
• Isifo sikaGuillain-Barre
• Isifo esingapheliyo sokudumba okuchaphazela i-polyneuropathy
• Isifo seLambert-Eaton myasthenic

Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki ezithile zesifo serhengulu, kunye neendlela ezithile ze-neuropathy.

Kuzo naziphi na kwezi ngxaki, umzimba uvelise iiproteni ezibizwa ngokuba ngamachiza omzimba ezenzelwe ukuchonga iiseli nokuzitshabalalisa. Ezi ntsholongwane zikwiplasma. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi ntsholongwane zijolise kwiiseli zangaphandle ezinokuthi zenzakalise umzimba, njengentsholongwane.

Kubantu abanesifo sokuzimela, nangona kunjalo, ii-antibodies ziya kuphendula kwiiseli ngaphakathi komzimba ezenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Umzekelo, kwi-multiple sclerosis, ii-antibodies zomzimba kunye neeseli zomzimba ziya kuhlasela isimbozo sokukhusela imithambo-luvo. Oko ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakubi kwezihlunu. I-Plasmapheresis inokumisa le nkqubo ngokususa iplasma equkethe ii-antibodies kwaye endaweni yayo iplasma entsha.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, unyango luye lwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abagula kakhulu ngokusuleleka kunye nezinye iingxaki ezifana nesifo sikaWilson kunye ne-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Isetyenziselwe ukunceda abantu abafumene ukufakelwa komzimba ukumelana nefuthe lenkqubo yokwaliwa komzimba.

Ilawulwa njani i-plasmapheresis?

Ngexesha lomnikelo weplasmapheresis, uya kuphumla ebhedini. Emva koko inaliti okanye i-catheter iya kubekwa emthanjeni kwi-crux yayo nayiphi na ingalo eneyona mithambo yomeleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-catheter ifakwe kwi-groin okanye ehlombe.

Ukutshintsha okanye ukubuyisela iplasma kungena emzimbeni wakho ngombhobho wesibini obekwe engalweni okanye elunyaweni.

Ngokwemigaqo yomanyano, umntu anganikela ngeplasma ukuya kuthi ga kabini ngeveki. Iiseshini zomnikelo zihlala zithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-90.

Ukuba ufumana iplasmapheresis njengonyango, inkqubo inokuhlala phakathi kweyure enye ukuya kwiiyure ezintathu. Unokufuna uninzi lonyango ezintlanu ngeveki. Unyango rhoqo rhoqo lungahluka kakhulu ukusuka kwimeko ukuya kwimeko, kwaye kuxhomekeke nakwimpilo yakho iyonke.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukulaliswa esibhedlele kuyafuneka. Ngamanye amaxesha unyango lwangaphandle lunokwenzeka.

Ndingayilungiselela njani iplasmapheresis?

Unokwandisa impumelelo kwaye unciphise iimpawu kunye nomngcipheko weplasmapheresis ngokuthatha la manyathelo:

• Qiniseka ukuba unokutya okunezondlo ngaphambi konyango okanye umnikelo.
• Yiba nokulala okuhle ebusuku ngaphambi kwenkqubo yakho.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Vuka ngoku malunga nogonyo losulelo oluqhelekileyo. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi na izitofu ozifunayo.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba.
• Yitya ukutya okuphezulu kwiprotein kwaye iphantsi kwi-phosphorus, isodium, kunye ne-potassium kwiintsuku ezikhokelela kwiplasmapheresis.

Zithini izibonelelo zeplasmapheresis?

Ukuba ufumana iplasmapheresis njengonyango lobuthathaka okanye ukuphazamiseka komzimba, ungaqala ukuziva ukhululekile kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Kwezinye iimeko, kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele naluphi na utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho.

I-Plasmapheresis iya kubonelela kuphela ngoncedo lwexesha elifutshane. Rhoqo le nkqubo iya kufuna ukuphindwa. Ukuhamba rhoqo kunye nobude beziphumo zixhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko yakho kunye nobukrakra bayo. Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi angakunika umbono ngokubanzi wokuba iplasmapheresis iya kusebenza ixesha elingakanani kwaye kufuneka uyisebenzise rhoqo kangakanani.

Buphi ubungozi beplasmapheresis?

I-Plasmapheresis ithwala umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngokwesiqhelo, zinqabile kwaye zihlala ziphakathi. Olona phawu luqhelekileyo kukuhla koxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku kuhlala kuhamba kunye:

• ukudinwa
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• isiyezi
• ndiziva ndibanda
• isisu esiswini

I-Plasmapheresis ikwanokuthwala le mngcipheko ulandelayo:

• Usulelo: Uninzi lweenkqubo ezibandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kungena okanye ukuphuma emzimbeni zinomngcipheko wosulelo.
• Ukujiya kwegazi: Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-anti-coagulant ukukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi.
• Ukusabela okungahambelaniyo komzimba (Oku kuyindlela yokuphendula kwizisombululo ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela iplasma.

Imingcipheko enzulu kodwa engaqhelekanga ibandakanya ukopha, okubangelwa ngamayeza okulwa ne-clotting. Eminye imingcipheko emikhulu ibandakanya ukuxhuzula, iicramps zesisu, kunye nokubetha emalungwini.

I-Plasmapheresis ayinakuba lunyango olufanelekileyo kwabanye abantu, kubandakanya:

• abantu abangazinzanga ngokwasemzimbeni
• abantu abangakunyamezeliyo ukubekwa komgca osembindini
• abantu abanezinto ezibangela ukuba bangadibani neherparin
• abantu abane-hypocalcemia
• abantu abanezinto ezaliwa yi-albin engumkhenkce okanye iplasma

Ngaba iplasmapheresis igutyungelwe yi-inshurensi?

I-Plasmapheresis ihlala igutyungelwe ngabanini-inshurensi kwiimeko ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukuba ujonge kwi-inshurensi yakho ukuze uqonde ukuba yimalini kwaye iphantsi kwaziphi iimeko inkqubo eza kuthi ihlawulwe. Umzekelo, izicwangciso zeinshurensi ezahlukileyo ziya kubandakanya amaxabiso ahlukeneyo enkqubo. Ukongeza, i-inshurensi inokugubungela i-plasmapheresis kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, ezinjengelokugqibela i-rheumatoid vasculitis.

Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga ne-inshurensi yakho, tsalela umnikezeli wakho weinshurensi. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkxalabo malunga neendleko, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda uqonde ukhetho lwakho kwaye bakunike naluphi na ulwazi oludingayo ukuze wabelane nomnikezeli wakho weinshurensi.

Ithini imbonakalo emva kweplasmapheresis?

Abanye abantu baxela ukuba baziva bediniwe emva kwenkqubo, kodwa uninzi luyakunyamezela kakuhle. Esona siphumo silungileyo, khumbula ukulungiselela inkqubo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha emva kwenkqubo.

Cinga ukwenza oku kulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqeshwa kwakho kuhamba kakuhle kangangoko:

• Lala ngokwaneleyo.
• Fika kulonyulo ubuncinci imizuzu eli-10 ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Nxiba iimpahla ezintle.
• Yiza nencwadi okanye enye into eyokuzonwabisa ngexesha lenkqubo.