Iziyobisi Stroke

Umxholo

• Zisebenza njani iziyobisi ngokubetha
• Iintsholongwane
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet
• I-activator yethishu yethisinogen (tPA)
• Iingxelo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi
• Yise kude

Ukuqonda ukubetha

Ukubethwa kukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwengqondo okubangelwa kukungahambi kwegazi kwingqondo.

Istroke esincinci sibizwa ngokuba yi-ministroke, okanye uhlaselo lwexeshana lwe-ischemic (TIA). Kwenzeka xa iqabunga legazi livimba okwethutyana ukuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo.

Zisebenza njani iziyobisi ngokubetha

Amachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukubetha ngokusebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Amanye amachiza okuhlaselwa sisibetho aphula amahlwili egazi esele ekhona. Abanye banceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ekubeni abe semithanjeni yakho yegazi. Abanye basebenzela ukulungisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol ukunceda ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi.

Iyeza eliyalelwa ngugqirha liya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesifo owawunaso kunye nesizathu saso. Iziyobisi zestroke zingasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuthintela ukubetha okwesibini kubantu esele benaso.

Iintsholongwane

I-Anticoagulants sisiyobisi esinceda ukugcina igazi lakho linganqeni ngokulula. Benza oku ngokungenelela kwinkqubo yokunqanda igazi. I-Anticoagulants isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukubetha kwe-ischemic (olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo) kunye ne-ministroke.

I-anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) isetyenziselwa ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ekwenzeni okanye ukuthintela amahlule asele ekhulile. Ihlala imiselwe kubantu abanezivalo zentliziyo ezingezizo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okanye abantu abaye bahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

IWarfarin ikwanxulunyaniswe nokusongela ubomi, ukopha kakhulu. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yokopha okanye ukhe wopha kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqaphela elinye iyeza.

Iziyobisi Antiplatelet

Ii-antiplatelets ezifana ne-clopidogrel (Plavix) zinokusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi. Basebenza ngokwenza ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba iiplatelets ezisegazini lakho zinamathele kunye, elinyathelo lokuqala ekubunjweni kwamahlule egazi.

Ngamanye amaxesha bayamiselwa kubantu abaye babethwa yimichiza okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi ubathathe rhoqo ixesha elide njengendlela yokuthintela ukubetha kwesibini okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Iasiplatelet aspirin inxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko omkhulu wokopha. Ngenxa yale nto, unyango lweasprini alusoloko lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kubantu abangenayo imbali engaphambili yesifo sentliziyo (umzekelo, ukubetha nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo).

I-Aspirin kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukuthintela kuphela isifo se-atherosclerotic sentliziyo kubantu:

• basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokubethwa sistroke, isifo sentliziyo, okanye ezinye iintlobo zesifo sentliziyo
• basemngciphekweni ophantsi wokopha

I-activator yethishu yethisinogen (tPA)

I-activator ye-Tissue plasminogen (i-tPA) kuphela kwesiyobisi esibuhlungu esiqhekeza igazi. Isetyenziswa njengonyango oluqhelekileyo olungxamisekileyo ngexesha lokubetha.

Kolu nyango, i-tPA itofelwe emthanjeni ukuze ikwazi ukufikelela kwigazi ngokukhawuleza.

I-tPA ayisetyenziselwa wonke umntu. Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokopha kwingqondo yabo abanikwa i-tPA.

Iingxelo

Iitatins zinceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol. Xa amazinga akho e-cholesterol ephezulu kakhulu, i-cholesterol ingaqala ukwakha kunye neendonga zemithambo yakho. Olu lwakhiwo lubizwa ngokuba lucwecwe.

La machiza athintela i-HMG-CoA reductase, i-enzyme ekufuneka yenziwe ngumzimba wakho ukwenza icholesterol. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba wakho wenza kancinci kuyo. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weplate kunye nokuthintela i-ministrokes kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okubangelwa yimithambo evalekileyo.

IiStatins ezithengiswa eUnited States zibandakanya:

• atorvastatin (Lipitor)
• ifluvastatin (Lescol)
• I-lovastatin (Altoprev)
• ipitavastatin (Livalo)
• ipravastatin (Pravachol)
• Irosuvastatin (Crestor)
• Simvastatin (iZocor)

Uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela amayeza ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokudlala indima enkulu kwistroke. Inokuba negalelo kwiziqwenga zecala lokuqhekeka, ezinokukhokelela ekwenziweni kwegazi.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa olu hlobo lonyango zibandakanya:

• i-angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• beta-iibhlokhi
• iicalcium block blockers

Yise kude

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamachiza zinokunceda ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela ukubetha. Abanye banceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ngokungenelela ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela yokwenza amahlwili. Abanye baphatha ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela ukubetha. I-tPA inceda ukuncibilikisa amahlwili emva kokuba sele esebenzile kwimithambo yegazi yakho.

Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokubethwa sistroke, thetha nogqirha wakho. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba elinye lala machiza linokukhetha ukukunceda ulawule loo mngcipheko.