Iziphumo zeChemotherapy kuMzimba wakho

Umxholo

• Ukujikeleza kunye namajoni omzimba
• Iinkqubo zeNervous and muscular
• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Inkqubo ye-Integumentary (ulusu, iinwele, kunye neenzipho)
• Inkqubo yesondo kunye nokuzala
• Inkqubo yokuzikhupha (izintso kunye nesinyi)
• Inkqubo yamathambo
• Ukudinwa kwengqondo kunye neemvakalelo

Emva kokufumana isifo somhlaza, impendulo yakho yokuqala inokuba kukucela ugqirha ukuba akubhalisele i-chemotherapy. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ichemotherapy yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo nezona zinamandla zonyango lomhlaza. Kodwa ichemotherapy yenza okungaphezulu kokulahla umhlaza.

Ngelixa la machiza enamandla ngokwaneleyo ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, nazo zinokwenzakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi. Ubungakanani bezi ziphumo zecala kuxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho yonke, ubudala, kunye nohlobo lwe-chemotherapy.

Ngelixa uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zicaca ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba unyango luphelile, ezinye zinokuqhubeka kakuhle emva kokuba ichemotherapy iphelile. Kwaye ezinye azinakuze zimke. Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ohlangabezana nazo nogqirha wakho. Kwezinye iimeko, kuxhomekeke ekuphenduleni komzimba wakho, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukulungelelanisa uhlobo okanye umthamo we-chemotherapy.

Funda kabanzi malunga nendlela i-chemotherapy echaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho.

Zibonakala njani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-chemo kumntu ngamnye ezinokuxhomekeka kwezinye izinto, ezinje ngeminyaka yobudala okanye imeko esele ikho yezempilo. Kodwa nokuba kunzima kangakanani, ezi ziphumo ziyaqapheleka kumntu ngamnye.

Amachiza e-Chemotherapy anokuchaphazela nayiphi na inkqubo yomzimba, kodwa oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka kakhulu:

• wokugaya ukutya
• iifollic zeenwele
• ummongo wethambo
• umlomo
• Inkqubo yokuzala

Kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuba la machiza omhlaza anokuchaphazela njani iinkqubo zakho ezinkulu zomzimba.

Ukujikeleza kunye namajoni omzimba

Ukujonga ukubalwa kwegazi rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu kwikhemotherapy. Kungenxa yokuba amachiza anokwenzakalisa iiseli kumongo wethambo, apho kuveliswa khona iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ngaphandle kweeseli ezibomvu ezaneleyo zokuhambisa ioksijini ukuya kwizicwili, unokufumana i-anemia.

Iimpawu ze-anemia zingabandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• intloko elula
• ulusu oluthuthu
• kunzima ukucinga
• ndiziva ndibanda
• ubuthathaka ngokubanzi

I-Chemo inokunciphisa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (neutropenia). Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumajoni omzimba. Ziyanceda ukuthintela ukugula kunye nokulwa nosulelo. Iimpawu azisoloko zicacile, kodwa unokuzibona ugula rhoqo kunakuqala. Qiniseka ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukungafikeleli kwiintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, kunye nezinye iintsholongwane ukuba uthatha i-chemo.

Iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiplatelets zinceda i-clot yegazi. Inani eliphantsi leplatelet (thrombocytopenia) lithetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba utyumke kwaye wophe ngokulula. Iimpawu zibandakanya ixesha elide lokuphuma kweempumlo, igazi ekugabheni okanye ilindle, kunye nokuba sexesheni okunzima kunesiqhelo.

Okokugqibela, ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemo zingayonakalisa intliziyo ngokwenza buthathaka imisipha yentliziyo (i-cardiomyopathy) okanye iphazamise isingqi sentliziyo yakho (arrhythmia). Ezi meko zinokuchaphazela ukubanakho kwentliziyo yakho yokupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ezi ngxaki azinakufane zenzeke ukuba intliziyo yakho yomelele kwaye isempilweni xa uqala ichemotherapy.

Iinkqubo zeNervous and muscular

Inkqubo yovalo esembindini ilawula iimvakalelo, iipateni zokucinga, kunye nokulungelelanisa. Amachiza e-Chemotherapy anokubangela iingxaki kwimemori, okanye enze kube nzima ukugxila okanye ukucinga ngokucacileyo. Olu phawu ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yi "chemo fog," okanye "chemo brain." Oku kuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuhamba emva konyango okanye kunokuhlala iminyaka. Iimeko ezinzima zinokudibanisa noxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo esele lukhona.

Ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemo zinokubangela:

• intlungu
• ubuthathaka
• ukuba ndindisholo
• ukurhawuzelela izandla kunye
  iinyawo (i-peripheral neuropathy)

Izihlunu zakho zinokuziva zidiniwe, zibuhlungu, okanye zishukuma. Kwaye ukucinga kwakho kunye nezakhono ezincinci zemoto kunokucotha. Unokufumana iingxaki ngokulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.

Inkqubo yokwetyisa

Ezinye zeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo zechemotherapy zichaphazela ukugaya. Umlomo owomileyo kunye nezilonda zomlomo ezenzeka kulwimi, imilebe, iintsini, okanye emqaleni zinokwenza kube nzima ukuhlafuna nokuginya. Izilonda zomlomo zikwenza ukuba uchaphazele ukopha kunye nosulelo.

Unokuba nakho ukunambitha kwesinyithi emlonyeni, okanye isambatho esimthubi okanye esimhlophe kulwimi lwakho. Ukutya kunokungcamla okungaqhelekanga okanye okungathandekiyo, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni komzimba ngokungathandekiyo ngokungatyi.

Ezi ziyobisi zinamandla zinokwenzakalisa iiseli ecaleni kwendlela yesisu. I-nausea luphawu oluqhelekileyo kwaye kunokubangela ukugabha. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga amayeza antinausea ukunciphisa ukugabha ngexesha unyango.

Inkqubo ye-Integumentary (ulusu, iinwele, kunye neenzipho)

Ukulahleka kweenwele yeyona nto inesiphumo esibi kunyango lwe-chemo. Amachiza amaninzi e-chemotherapy achaphazela iifollic hair kwaye zinokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele (alopecia) kwiiveki ezimbalwa zonyango lokuqala. Ukulahleka kweenwele kunokwenzeka naphi na emzimbeni, ukusuka kumashiya kunye neenkophe ukuya emilenzeni yakho. Ukulahleka kweenwele okwethutyana. Ukukhula kweenwele ezintsha kuhlala kuqala kwiiveki ezininzi emva konyango lokugqibela.

Unyango oluncinci olunokucaphuka njengokomisa, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngamafutha ukuthambisa ulusu olucaphukisayo. Unokuphucula ubuntununtunu elangeni kwaye usengozini yokutsha. Qiniseka ukuba uthabatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuthintela ukutshiswa lilanga xa ungaphandle, njengokunxiba i-sunscreen okanye imikhono emide.

Njengoko amachiza echaphazela inkqubo yakho yokubala, iinzipho zakho kunye neenzwane zinokujika zibe mdaka okanye tyheli. Ukukhula kwesikhonkwane nako kunokuthoba isantya njengoko izikhonkwane zijijekile okanye zi brittle kwaye ziqala ukuqhekeka okanye zaphuka ngokulula. Kwiimeko ezinzima, banokwahlukana nebhedi yesikhonkwane. Kubalulekile ukuba unakekele kakuhle izipikili zakho ukuphepha ukusuleleka.

Inkqubo yesondo kunye nokuzala

Amachiza e-Chemotherapy ayaziwa ngokutshintsha iihomoni kumadoda nakwabafazi. Kwabasetyhini, utshintsho lwehomoni lunokuzisa ukushushu okushisayo, amaxesha angaqhelekanga, okanye ukuqala ngesiquphe kokuyeka ukuya exesheni. Unokufumana ukoma kwezicubu zelungu lobufazi ezinokwenza ukuba ungathandani okanye ungonwabanga. Ithuba lokukhula kosulelo lwangasese nalo liyonyuka.

Oogqirha abaninzi abacebisi ukukhulelwa ngexesha lonyango. Ngelixa abanye abantu basetyhini banokuphelelwa lixesha okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina njengeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, amayeza e-chemotherapy anikezwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa nawo anokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa.

Emadodeni, ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemo zinokwenzakalisa isidoda okanye ukubala kwesidoda. Njengabafazi, amadoda anokufumana ukungachumi okwethutyana okanye okusisigxina kwi-chemo.

Ngelixa iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa, ixhala, kunye nokutshintsha kwehomoni kunokuphazamisa ukuqhuba ngokwesondo emadodeni nakwabasetyhini, abantu abaninzi kwi-chemotherapy basakwazi ukuba neentlobano zesini.

Inkqubo yokuzikhupha (izintso kunye nesinyi)

Izintso zisebenzela ukukhupha iziyobisi ezinamandla ze-chemotherapy njengoko zihamba emzimbeni wakho. Kule nkqubo, ezinye iiseli zezintso kunye nesinyi zinokucaphuka okanye zonakaliswe.

Iimpawu zomonakalo wezintso zibandakanya:

• ukuncipha kokuchama
• ukudumba kwezandla
• iinyawo ezidumbileyo namaqatha
• intloko ebuhlungu

Unokufumana ukucaphuka kwesinyi, okubangela ukuziva uvutha xa uchama kunye nokwanda rhoqo kwe-urinary.

Ukunceda inkqubo yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi ukucoca amayeza kunye nokugcina inkqubo yakho isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Kwakhona, qaphela ukuba amanye amayeza abangela ukuba umchamo ujike ubomvu okanye iorenji iintsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa yazi ukuba ayingonobangela wokukhathazeka.

Inkqubo yamathambo

Uninzi lwabantu luphulukana nobunzima bethambo njengoko bekhula, kodwa nge-chemo, ezinye iziyobisi zonyusa oku kulahleka ngokwenza amanqanaba e-calcium ukuba awe. I-osteoporosis ehambelana nomhlaza ithambekele ekuchaphazeleni abantu basetyhini kunamadoda, ngakumbi abasetyhini abasemva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni kunye nabo banokuphelelwa lixesha ngokuziswa ngesiquphe ngenxa yekhemotherapy.

NgokweZiko lezeMpilo leSizwe (i-NIH), abasetyhini abanyangwa umhlaza webele basemngciphekweni okhulayo we-osteoporosis kunye nokwaphuka kwethambo. Oku kungenxa yokudityaniswa kwamachiza kunye nokwehla kwendalo kumanqanaba e-estrogen. I-osteoporosis yonyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwethambo kunye nokwaphuka. Ezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zomzimba zokufumana ikhefu ngumqolo kunye nesinqe, isinqe kunye nezihlahla. Unokunceda ukugcina amathambo akho omelele ngokufumana ikhalsiyam eyaneleyo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.

Ukudinwa kwengqondo kunye neemvakalelo

Ukuhlala nomhlaza kunye nokujongana ne-chemotherapy kunokuthatha uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo. Unokuziva usoyika, uxinezelekile, okanye uxhalabile malunga nembonakalo yakho kunye nempilo. Uxinzelelo yimvakalelo eqhelekileyo, njengoko abantu besenza umsebenzi, usapho kunye noxanduva lwezezimali ngaphezulu konyango lomhlaza.

Unyango olongezelelekileyo njengokuthambisa kunye nokucamngca kunokuba sisisombululo esincedayo sokuphumla kunye nokukhululeka. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yokujamelana nayo. Banokukwazi ukucebisa iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza lendawo apho ungathetha nabanye abanyangwa ngumhlaza. Ukuba iimvakalelo zokudakumba ziyaqhubeka, khangela iingcebiso kwiingcali okanye ubuze oogqirha bakho ngamayeza. Ngelixa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhaphakile, kukwakho neendlela zokunciphisa.

Nokuba zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-chemo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okwandisa umgangatho wobomi ngexesha lonyango.