Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT): yintoni, uyenza nini kwaye isebenza njani

Umxholo

• Xa kubonisiwe
• Ingaba isebenza kanjani
• Njengoko yayisenziwa ngaphambili
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Xa ungakwenzi

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive, eyaziwa ngokuba lonyango lwe-electroshock okanye i-ECT nje, luhlobo lonyango olubangela utshintsho kwimisebenzi yombane yengqondo, elawula amanqanaba e-neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine kunye ne-glutamate. Ngokulawula ezi neurotransmitters, lunyango olunokusetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko ezinzima zoxinzelelo, isifo sengqondo kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

I-ECT yeyona ndlela isebenzayo kwaye ikhuselekile, kuba ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo kwenziwa kunye nesigulana phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi, kwaye ukubanjwa okwenziwe kwinkqubo kubonwa kuphela kwizixhobo, kungabikho mngcipheko kumntu.

Ngaphandle kweziphumo ezilungileyo, unyango lwe-electroconvulsive alukhuthazi ukunyanga kwesi sifo, kodwa sinciphisa kakhulu iimpawu kwaye kufuneka lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile ngokwesindululo segqirha.

Xa kubonisiwe

I-ECT iboniswa ikakhulu kunyango loxinzelelo kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, njenge-schizophrenia, umzekelo. Olu hlobo lonyango lwenziwa xa:

• Umntu unomdla wokuzibulala;
• Unyango lweziyobisi alusebenzi okanye lubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi;
• Umntu unempawu ezinzima zengqondo.

Ukongeza, unyango lwe-electroshock lunokwenziwa xa unyango ngamayeza lungacetyiswanga, ngakumbi imeko yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abancancisayo okanye abantu abadala.

I-ECT inokwenziwa nakwabantu abafunyaniswe ukuba bane-Parkinson's, isifo sokuwa kunye ne-mania, enje nge-bipolarity, umzekelo.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

I-ECT yenziwa esibhedlele kwaye inokufikelela kwimizuzu engama-30 kwaye ayibangeli zintlungu okanye ukungonwabi kwisigulana. Ukwenza inkqubo, umntu kufuneka azile ukutya ubuncinci iiyure ze-7, oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, ukongeza kwiziphumlisi zemisipha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentliziyo, kwengqondo kunye novavanyo lwegazi.

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive lwenziwa phantsi kweliso le-anesthetist kunye nonyango lwengqondo kwaye lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesikhuthazi sombane, kusetyenziswa ii-electrode ezimbini ezibekwe ngaphambili entloko, ezinokubangela ukubamba, okubonwa kuphela kwisixhobo se-encephalogram. Ukusuka kukhuthazo lombane, amanqanaba ee-neurotransmitters emzimbeni alawulwa, esenza ukuba kube lula ukunciphisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokudakumba. Yazi ukuba yintoni i-encephalogram.

Emva kwenkqubo, iqela lokonga liqinisekisa ukuba isiguli siphilile, sikwazi ukusela ikofu kwaye sigoduke. I-ECT yindlela ekhawulezayo, ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokunyanga, kwaye iiseshoni zamaxesha ngamaxesha kufuneka zenziwe ngokwenqanaba lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nengcebiso yengqondo, ngeeseshini ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ezibonakaliswa ngesiqhelo. Emva kweseshoni nganye, ugqirha wengqondo wenza uvavanyo lwesigulana ukuqinisekisa iziphumo zonyango.

Njengoko yayisenziwa ngaphambili

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, unyango lwe-electroconvulsive lwalungasetyenziselwa ukunyanga abaguli bengqondo, kodwa kwanendlela yokuhlushwa. Kungenxa yokuba le nkqubo ibingakhange yenziwe phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi kwaye bekungekho kulawulwa kwezinto zokuphumla kwezihlunu, okukhokelele kukungqubana ngexesha lenkqubo kunye nokwaphuka okuninzi, ngenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha, ukongeza kwilahleko yenkumbulo edla ngokwenzeka.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, le ndlela iphuculwe, kangangokuba ngoku ithathwa njengenkqubo ekhuselekileyo, enomngcipheko ophantsi wokophuka kunye nokulahleka kwememori, kwaye ukubanjwa kubonwa kuphela kwizixhobo.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

I-ECT yindlela ekhuselekileyo, nangona kunjalo, emva kwenkqubo, isigulana sinokuziva sididekile, siphulukene nenkumbulo okwexeshana okanye siziva singaphilanga, esiba sisiphumo se-anesthesia. Ukongeza, kunokubakho ukubonakala kweempawu ezinobumnene, ezinjengeentloko, isicaphucaphu okanye iintlungu zemisipha, ezinokunyangwa ngokukhawuleza ngamanye amayeza anokukhulula iimpawu.

Xa ungakwenzi

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive lunokwenziwa nakubani na, nangona kunjalo abantu abonzakeleyo ngaphakathi, abahlaselwe sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubethwa sisifo, okanye abanesifo esibuhlungu semiphunga, baya kuba nakho ukwenza i-ECT emva kokujonga umngcipheko wenkqubo.