I-encephalitis yentsholongwane: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba i-encephalitis yentsholongwane iyosulela?
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• I-sequelae enokwenzeka

I-encephalitis yentsholongwane yintsholongwane yenkqubo ye-neva ebangela ukudumba kwengqondo kwaye ichaphazela ikakhulu iintsana nabantwana, kodwa inokwenzeka nakwabantu abadala abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Olu hlobo losulelo lunokuba yingxaki yosulelo ngamagciwane aqhelekileyo, anjenge-herpes simplex, i-adenovirus okanye i-cytomegalovirus, ekhula ngokugqithileyo ngenxa yokomelela komzimba, kwaye enokuthi ichaphazele ingqondo, ibangele iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. , umkhuhlane kunye nokuxhuzula.

I-encephalitis yentsholongwane iyanyangeka, kodwa unyango kufuneka luqalwe ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukuqala kwe-sequelae ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe kukudumba engqondweni. Ke, xa kukho urhano okanye ukonyuka kokosuleleka okukhoyo kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba uye esibhedlele uyojonga imeko.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-encephalitis yentsholongwane ziziphumo zosulelo lwentsholongwane, ezinje ngengqele okanye isisu, njengokuqaqanjelwa yintloko, umkhuhlane kunye nokugabha, okuthi ekuhambeni kwexesha kuguquke kwaye kubangele ukonzakala kwengqondo okukhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngezi:

• Ukufa;
• Ukudideka kunye nokuphazamiseka;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha okanye ubuthathaka;
• Ukulahleka kwememori;
• Umqala kunye nokuqina komqolo;
• Uvakalelo olugqithisileyo ekukhanyeni.

Iimpawu ze-encephalitis yentsholongwane azisoloko zichaphazela usulelo, zididekile nezinye izifo ezinjenge-meningitis okanye ukubanda. Usulelo lufunyaniswa ngegazi kunye novavanyo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid, i-electroencephalogram (EEG), imaging resonance imaging okanye i-computed tomography, okanye i-biopsy yengqondo.

Ngaba i-encephalitis yentsholongwane iyosulela?

I-encephalitis yentsholongwane ngokwayo ayosuleli, nangona kunjalo, njengoko iyintsingiselo yentsholongwane, kunokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane ekuqaleni kwayo inokudluliselwa ngokudibana nemfihlo yokuphefumla, njengokukhohlela okanye ukuthimla, kumntu osulelekileyo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingcolileyo, ezinjengeemfoloko, iimela okanye iiglasi, umzekelo.

Kule meko, kuqhelekile ukuba umntu obambe intsholongwane aphuhlise esi sifo hayi ingxaki, eyi-encephalitis yentsholongwane.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukunceda umzimba ukuba ulwe nosulelo kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu. Ke ngoko, ukuphumla, ukutya kunye nokungena emanzini kubalulekile ekunyangeni isifo.

Ukongeza, ugqirha usenokubonisa amayeza okunciphisa iimpawu ezinje:

• IParacetamol okanye iDipyrone: kunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokukhulula intloko;
• IiAnticonvulsants, ezinje ngeCarbamazepine okanye iPhenytoin: thintela ukubonakala kokuthinjwa;
• ICorticosteroids, njengeDexamethasone: ukulwa nokudumba kwengqondo ngokunciphisa iimpawu.

Kwimeko yentsholongwane ye-herpes okanye usulelo lwe-cytomegalovirus, ugqirha unokuyalela ii-antivirals, ezinje ngeAcyclovir okanye iFoscarnet, ukuphelisa iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza, njengoko ezi zifo zinokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kukho ukulahleka kwengqondo okanye umntu akakwazi ukuphefumula yedwa, kunokufuneka ukuba ungeniswe esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango ngamayeza ngqo emthanjeni kwaye ube nenkxaso yokuphefumula, umzekelo.

I-sequelae enokwenzeka

Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ye-encephalitis yentsholongwane yile:

• Ukukhubazeka kwezihlunu;
• Iingxaki zokukhumbula nokufunda;
• Ubunzima ekuthetheni nasekuveni;
• Utshintsho olubonakalayo;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukuhamba kwemisipha ngokungakhathali.

Ezi sequelae zihlala zibonakala kuphela xa usulelo luhlala ixesha elide kwaye unyango alunazo iziphumo ezilindelekileyo.