Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-Esophageal Diverticula

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Ngaba zikhona izinto ezinobungozi?
• Ifunyaniswa njani?
• Iphathwa njani?
• Unyango olungenasiphelo
• Unyango lotyando
• Ngaba zikhona iingxaki?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Yintoni i-diophaiculum diverticulum?

I-diverticulum ye-esophageal yi-poch ephumayo kwiplanga le-esophagus. Ifom kwindawo ebuthathaka yomqala. Isingxobo sinokubakho ukusuka kwi-intshi ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-4 ubude.

Zintathu iindidi ze-esophageal diverticula (ubuninzi be-diverticulum), esekwe apho ikhoyo:

• I-diverticulum yeZenker. Olu hlobo lukhula kufutshane nomphezulu womqala.
• I-diverticulum yangaphakathi. Olu hlobo lwenzeka kwinqanaba eliphakathi lomqala.
• I-Epiphrenic diverticulum. Olu hlobo lukwindawo esezantsi yomqala.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale meko.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-Esophageal diverticula ayisoloko ibangela iingxaki. Xa zisenza, iimpawu zihlala zifika kancinci njengoko isikhwama sikhula.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-diverticulum ye-esophageal zibandakanya:

• kunzima ukugwinya
• ukuziva ngathi ukutya kubanjiwe emqaleni
• ukuphinda ukutya kuphinde kuguqulwe, ukulala phantsi, okanye ukuphakama
• intlungu xa uginya
• ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo
• umoya onukayo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• intlungu yentamo
• ukuhla ukusinda
• utshintsho kwizwi
• Uphawu lukaBoyce, oluyingxolo xa umoya udlula kwi-diverticulum

Ibangelwa yintoni?

Iingcali aziqinisekanga malunga nezizathu ezichanekileyo ze-diverticula ye-esophageal. Abanye abantu bazalwa benayo, ngelixa abanye beyiphuhlisa kamva ebomini.

Kubantu abadala, kuhlala kunxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo olwandayo ngaphakathi komqala. Olu xinzelelo lubangela ukuba i-lining ivele kwindawo ebuthathaka. Izinto ezinokubangela olu xinzelelo lwandayo zibandakanya:

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-sphincters nakweyiphi na indawo ye-esophagus
• ukudumba okuvela ngaphandle komqala
• ukutya akuhambi kakuhle ngomqala
• ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwendlela yokuginya

Isenokuba yingxaki yenkqubo yotyando kufutshane nentamo, okanye iimeko ezichaphazela i-collagen, efana ne-Ehler-Danlos syndrome.

Ngaba zikhona izinto ezinobungozi?

Nangona i-diverticulum ye-esophageal ingenzeka nangaliphi na ubudala, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-70 no-80. Ukongeza, abantu abanengxaki yokugwinya banokukhula.

Ifunyaniswa njani?

Zininzi iindlela ugqirha anokuzisebenzisa ukufumanisa ukuba i-esophageal diverticulum, kubandakanya:

• Ukuginya kweBarium. Uya kucelwa ukuba uginye isisombululo esine-barium, ebonisa i-X-ray okanye i-CT scan. Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba akwazi ukulandelela ukuhamba kolwelo nge-esophagus yakho.
• I-endoscopy yesisu. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu ecekeceke, eguqukayo enekhamera ekugqibeleni ngomlomo wakho nangaphantsi komqala wakho ukuze ujonge umqala wakho.
• I-manometry yokuqunjelwa. Obu buchule bulinganisa ixesha kunye namandla okwexeshana komqala wakho.
• Uvavanyo lwe-pH lweeyure ezingama-24. Olu vavanyo luthatha i-pH kwisisu sakho kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 ukujonga iimpawu zesisu esiswini okanye inyongo kwindawo yakho.

Iphathwa njani?

Kukho iindlela zokhetho zonyango kwi-diverticulum esophageal, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bayo kunye nobukhali.

Unyango olungenasiphelo

I-diverticula encinci ye-esophageal ihlala ilawulwa ngotshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, enje:

• ukuhlafuna kakuhle ukutya kwakho
• ukutya ukutya okungenangqondo
• ukusela amanzi amaninzi emva kokuba utye ukunceda ukwetyisa.

Ii-antacids ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntari nazo zinokunceda ngeempawu ezinobulali.

Unyango lotyando

Amatyala amandundu ngakumbi anokufuna utyando ukususa isingxobo kunye nokulungisa izicwili ezibuthathaka kwi-esophagus.

Iinkqubo zotyando zokwenza oku zibandakanya:

• ICricopharyngeal myotomy. Oku kubandakanya ukwenza ukusika okuncinci kwi-sphincter ephezulu ye-esophagus ukuyandisa, ke ukutya kungadlula ngokulula kwi-esophagus yakho.
• I-Diverticulopexy ene-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Oku kubandakanya ukususa i-diverticulum enkulu ngokuyiguqula ijonge ezantsi kwaye uyiqhoboshele eludongeni lomqala.
• I-Diverticulectomy kunye ne-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Oku kubandakanya ukususa i-diverticulum ngelixa usenza i-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Yindibaniselwano ehlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-diverticula yeZenker.
• I-Endoscopic diverticulotomy. Le yinkqubo encinci engenayo eyahlula izicubu phakathi kwe-diverticulum kunye ne-esophagus, evumela ukutya ukuba kuphume kwi-diverticulum.

Ngaba zikhona iingxaki?

Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-esophageal diverticulum inokukhokelela kubunzima bempilo.

• I-pneumonia yokuphefumla. Ukuba i-esophageal diverticulum ibangela ukuphinda ibuye, inokukhokelela kwisifo sokukrala kwemiphunga. Olu lusulelo lwemiphunga olubangelwa kukungenisa izinto, njengokutya kunye namathe, ahlala ehamba ezantsi.
• Uthintelo. Isithintelo esikufutshane ne-diverticulum sinokwenza kube nzima, ukuba akunakwenzeka, ukugwinya. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ingxowa iphule kwaye yophe.
• I-squamous cell carcinoma. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, ukucaphuka okuqhubekayo kwesingxobo kungakhokelela kwi-squamous cell carcinoma.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

I-diverticulum ye-esophageal iyimeko enqabileyo ehlala ichaphazela abantu abadala. Ngelixa abanye abantu bengazange babe nazimpawu, abanye banoluhlu lwemicimbi, kubandakanya ubunzima bokugwinya kunye nokuphinda ubuye. Uninzi lwamatyala aphendula kakuhle kutshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, utyando, okanye ukudityaniswa kokubini.