Iimviwo ezisi-7 ekufuneka zisandul 'ukuzalwa

Umxholo

• 1. Uvavanyo lwenyawo
• 2. Uvavanyo lwendlebe
• 3. Uvavanyo lwamehlo
• 4. Ukuchwetheza igazi
• 5. Uvavanyo lwentliziyo encinci
• 6. Uvavanyo lolwimi
• 7. Uvavanyo lwe-Hip

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa, umntwana kufuneka enze uthotho lweemvavanyo ukuze achonge ubukho beenguqu ezibonisa ubukho bezifo zemfuzo okanye ze-metabolic, ezinje nge-phenylketonuria, i-sickle cell anemia kunye ne-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa, umzekelo. Ukongeza, ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda ekuchongeni umbono kunye neengxaki zokuva kunye nolwimi olunamathele, umzekelo.

Uvavanyo olunyanzelekileyo losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa luvavanyo lwenyawo, ukuchwetheza igazi, indlebe, iliso, ukuvavanywa kwentliziyo encinci nolwimi kwaye kubonisiwe kanye kwiveki yokuqala yobomi, ngakumbi kusekwiwadi lokuya kubeleka, kuba ukuba ngaba lukhona utshintsho zichongiwe, unyango lunokuqaliswa kwangoko emva koko, ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kunye nomgangatho wobomi bosana.

1. Uvavanyo lwenyawo

Uvavanyo lwesithende luvavanyo olunyanzelekileyo, oluboniswe phakathi komhla wesi-3 nowesi-5 wobomi bosana. Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngamathontsi egazi athathwe kwisithende somntwana kwaye asebenza ekuchongeni izifo zemvelo kunye neze-metabolic, ezinje nge-phenylketonuria, i-congenital hypothyroidism, i-sickle cell anemia, i-congenital adrenal hyperplasia, i-cystic fibrosis kunye ne-biotinidase.

Kukwakho novavanyo olwandisiweyo lwezithende, olubonakaliswayo xa umama athe wanotshintsho okanye usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba umntwana avavanyelwe ezinye izifo. Olu viwo aluyonxalenye yeemviwo zasimahla ezinyanzelekileyo kwaye kufuneka zenziwe kwiiklinikhi zabucala.

Funda ngakumbi ngovavanyo lwesithende.

2. Uvavanyo lwendlebe

Uvavanyo lwendlebe, ekwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lweentsana, lunyanzelo kwaye lubonelelwa simahla yi-SUS, ejolise ekuchongeni ukuphazamiseka kwindlebe emntwaneni.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwigumbi lokubelekisa, ngokukhethekileyo phakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 zobomi bosana, kwaye alubangeli zintlungu okanye ukungathandeki emntwaneni, kwaye lwenziwa rhoqo xa ulele. Funda ngakumbi ngovavanyo lwendlebe.

3. Uvavanyo lwamehlo

Uvavanyo lwamehlo, olukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-red reflex, luhlala lunikezelwa simahla kwiwadi yokubelekisa okanye kumaziko ezempilo kwaye lwenziwa ukufumana iingxaki zombono, ezinje ngamehlo, glaucoma okanye strabismus. Olu vavanyo luhlala luqhutywa kwigumbi lokubelekisa ngugqirha wabantwana. Qonda ukuba uvavanyo lwamehlo lwenziwa njani.

4. Ukuchwetheza igazi

Ukuchwetheza igazi luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokuchonga uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana, olunokuba ngu-A, B, AB okanye O, olungileyo okanye olubi. Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngentambo yegazi lomzimba ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.

Kolu vavanyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ulandele umngcipheko wokungahambelani kwegazi, oko kukuthi, xa umama ene-HR engeyiyo kwaye umntwana ezalwa ene-HR elungileyo, okanye nokuba umama unalo uhlobo lwegazi O nomntwana, uhlobo A okanye B. Phakathi kweengxaki zokungahambelani kwegazi, sinokuqaqambisa umfanekiso onokubakho we-jaundice ye-neonatal.

5. Uvavanyo lwentliziyo encinci

Uvavanyo oluncinci lwentliziyo lunyanzelekile kwaye lusimahla, lwenziwa kwisibhedlele sokubeleka phakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 emva kokuzalwa. Uvavanyo luquka ukulinganisa ioksijini yegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo yosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa ngoncedo lwe-oximeter, eluhlobo lwesongo, olubekwe esihlahleni nasonyaweni lomntwana.

Ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olufunyenweyo, umntwana uthunyelwa kwi-echocardiogram, eluvavanyo olufumanisa iziphene entliziyweni yosana.

6. Uvavanyo lolwimi

Uvavanyo lolwimi luvavanyo olunyanzelekileyo olwenziwa yingcali yezentetho ukufumanisa iingxaki ngolwimi oluqhekezayo kwiintsana, ezinje nge-ankyloglossia, eyaziwa njengelwimi. Le meko inokuthintela ukuncancisa okanye ithintele isenzo sokuginya, ukuhlafuna kunye nokuthetha, ke ukuba ifunyenwe kwakamsinya sele kunokwenzeka ukubonisa unyango olulolona lufanelekileyo. Bona ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lolwimi.

7. Uvavanyo lwe-Hip

Uvavanyo lwe-hip luvavanyo lweklinikhi, apho ugqirha ohlola abantwana imilenze yosana. Ihlala yenziwe kwigumbi lokubelekisa nakwindawo yokuqala yokubonisana nogqirha wabantwana.

Injongo yovavanyo kukuchonga utshintsho kuphuhliso lwenyonga olunokuthi kamva lubangele iintlungu, ukunciphisa ilungu okanye i-osteoarthritis.