Ukuphazamiseka kubuso beTic

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-facial tic disorder?
• Yintoni ebangela isifo sobuso?
• Ukuphazamiseka okwethutyana
• Ingxaki yemoto engapheliyo
• Isifo seTourette
• Zeziphi iimeko ezinokuthi zifane nokuphazamiseka kobuso?
• Zeziphi izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kukuphazamiseka kwitic ebusweni?
• Ichongwa njani isifo sobuso sobuchwephesha?
• Inyangwa njani isifo sobuso?
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni i-facial tic disorder?

Iimpawu zobuso zii-spasms ezingalawulekiyo ebusweni, njengokuqhwanyaza ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo okanye ukukrwela kwempumlo. Banokubizwa ngokuba ziimasphasms zokulinganisa. Nangona ubuso bobuso buhlala bungazibandakanyi, banokucinezelwa okwethutyana.

Inani leengxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela ubuso beetics. Zenzeka rhoqo kubantwana, kodwa zinokuchaphazela nabantu abadala. Iitics zixhaphake kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazana.

Iiteki zobuso zihlala zingabonisi imeko enzulu yezonyango, kwaye uninzi lwabantwana luyabakhupha ngaphandle kweenyanga ezimbalwa.

Yintoni ebangela isifo sobuso?

Iimpawu zobuso luphawu lweengxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ubungqongqo kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kweetics kunokunceda ekuchongeni ukuba yeyiphi na ingxaki ebangela oko.

Ukuphazamiseka okwethutyana

Ukudakumba kwe-tic okwethutyana kufunyaniswa xa ubuso bobuso buhlala ixesha elifutshane. Zingavela phantse yonke imihla ngaphezulu kwenyanga kodwa ngaphantsi konyaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo basombulula ngaphandle kwonyango. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kwaye kukholeleka ukuba sihlobo olumdaka lweTourette syndrome.

Abantu abanesifo se-tic esidlulileyo bathambekele ekubeni nomnqweno omkhulu wokwenza intshukumo ethile okanye isandi. IiTics zingabandakanya:

• amehlo aqhwanyazayo
• iimpumlo ezivuthayo
• ukunyusa amashiya
• Uvula umlomo
• ucofa ulwimi
• elungisa umqala
• ndimbombozela

Ukuphazamiseka kwetic okwethutyana akusoloko kufuna naluphi na unyango.

Ingxaki yemoto engapheliyo

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto esixhaphakileyo asiqhelekanga kunengxaki yokudlula okwethutyana, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kuneTourette syndrome. Ukuze ufumaneke unesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto, kuya kufuneka ufumane itics ngaphezulu konyaka nangaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu ngexesha.

Ukuqhwanyaza okugqithileyo, ukujija, kunye nokujija ziitics eziqhelekileyo ezinxulunyaniswa nesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto. Ngokungafaniyo nokuphazamiseka kwetic okwethutyana, ezi tics zinokwenzeka xa ulele.

Abantwana abafunyaniswa benesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto phakathi kweminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-8 abadingi nyango. Ngelo xesha, iimpawu ziyakwazi ukulawulwa kwaye ziyakwazi ukuzithoba ngokwazo.

Abantu abafunyaniswe ukuba banesifo kamva ebomini banokufuna unyango. Unyango oluthile luya kuxhomekeka kubukrakra bee-tics.

Isifo seTourette

I-Tourette syndrome, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Tourette disorder, ihlala iqala ebuntwaneni. Ngokomndilili, kubonakala ngathi baneminyaka esi-7. Abantwana abanale ngxaki banokufumana i-spasms ebusweni, entloko nakwiingalo.

Iitics zinokuqinisa kwaye zisasaze kwezinye iindawo zomzimba njengoko isifo siqhubeka. Nangona kunjalo, ii-tics zihlala ziba nzima kubuntu obudala.

IiTics ezinxulumene neTourette syndrome zibandakanya:

• ukubetha iingalo
• ukhuphe ulwimi ngaphandle
• ukunyusa amagxa
• ukuchukumisa okungafanelekanga
• Ukuvakalisa amagama esiqalekiso
• izijekulo ezingamanyala

Ukuze ufumaneke une-Tourette syndrome, kufuneka ube namava e-vocal ukongeza kwi-tics ebonakalayo. Iimpawu ze-Vocal zibandakanya ukujija okugqithisileyo, ukucoca umqala, kunye nokukhala. Abanye abantu banokuphinda basebenzise izichazi okanye baphindaphinde amagama kunye namabinzana.

I-Tourette syndrome ihlala ilawulwa ngonyango lokuziphatha. Ezinye iimeko zisenokufuna amayeza.

Zeziphi iimeko ezinokuthi zifane nokuphazamiseka kobuso?

Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kobuso obufana nobuso bobuso. Ziquka:

• i-hemifacial spasms, ezinamajelo achaphazela icala elinye lobuso
• blepharospasms, ezichaphazela iinkophe
• i-dystonia yobuso, ingxaki ekhokelela ekuhambeni okungazenzisiyo kwezihlunu zobuso

Ukuba ubuso bobuso buqala ebudaleni, ugqirha wakho unokukrokrela i-hemifacial spasms.

Zeziphi izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kukuphazamiseka kwitic ebusweni?

Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo kukuphazamiseka kwitic ebusweni. Ezi zinto zihlala zonyusa ukuhamba rhoqo kunye nobukrakra beetics.

Izinto ezinegalelo zibandakanya:

• uxinzelelo
• uchulumanco
• ukudinwa
• ubushushu
• amayeza avuselelayo
• Ingxaki yokungahambi kakuhle (ADHD)
• Ukuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo (OCD)

Ichongwa njani isifo sobuso sobuchwephesha?

Ugqirha wakho unokuchonga isifo sobuso ngokuxoxa ngeempawu kunye nawe. Banokukuthumela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo enokuvavanya imeko yakho yengqondo.

Kubalulekile ukulawula ngaphandle izizathu ezibonakalayo zomzimba wobuso. Ugqirha wakho unokubuza malunga nezinye iimpawu zokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ufuna olunye uvavanyo.

Banokuyalela i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG) ukulinganisa umsebenzi wombane kwingqondo yakho. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuboneni ukuba isifo sokuthimba sibangela iimpawu zakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza i-electromyography (EMG), uvavanyo oluvavanya iingxaki zemisipha okanye zemithambo-luvo. Oku kukujonga iimeko ezibangela ukujija kwezihlunu.

Inyangwa njani isifo sobuso?

Uninzi lweengxaki zobuso ezifuna unyango. Ukuba umntwana wakho akhula ebusweni, thintela ukutsalela ingqalelo kubo okanye ubangxolise ngokwenza iintshukumo okanye izandi. Nceda umntwana wakho aqonde ukuba zeziphi iitics ukuze azichaze kubahlobo bakhe nakwabo afunda nabo.

Unyango lunokufuneka ukuba ii-tics ziphazamisana nonxibelelwano lwasentlalweni, umsebenzi wesikolo, okanye ukusebenza komsebenzi. Iinketho zonyango zihlala zingaziphelisi ngokupheleleyo ii-tics kodwa zinceda ukunciphisa i-tics. Izinketho zonyango zingabandakanya:

• iinkqubo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo
• Unyango ngengqondo
• unyango lokuziphatha, ungenelelo olubanzi lokuziphatha kweetics (CBIT)
• iyeza le-dopamine blocker
• amayeza antipsychotic njenge haloperidol (Haldol), risperidone (Risperdal), aripiprazole (Abilify)
• I-anticonvulsant topiramate (iTopamax)
• I-alpha-agonists njenge-clonidine kunye ne-guanfacine
• amayeza okunyanga iimeko ezisisiseko, ezinje nge-ADHD kunye ne-OCD
• i-botulinum toxin (Botox) inaliti ukukhubaza okwethutyana izihlunu zobuso

Izifundo zamva nje zibonise ukuba ukukhuthazeka kwengqondo okunzulu kunokunceda ukunyanga isifo seTourette. Ukuvuselela ingqondo okunzulu yinkqubo yotyando ebeka ii-electrode kwingqondo. Ii-electrode zithumela amandla ombane ngengqondo ukubuyisela ukujikeleza kwengqondo kwiipateni eziqhelekileyo.

Olu hlobo lonyango lunokunceda ukukhulula iimpawu zesifo seTourette. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthe kratya luyafuneka ukumisela eyona ndawo ibalaseleyo yengqondo ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweempawu zesifo seTourette.

Amayeza asekwe kwi-Cannabis anokusebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ii-tics. Nangona kunjalo, ubungqina bokuxhasa oku bunomda. Amayeza asekwe kwi-Cannabis akufuneki amiselwe abantwana kunye nabantu abafikisayo, okanye kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abanyisayo.

Ukuthatha

Ngelixa i-tics yobuso ihlala ingesosiphumo sesimo esibi, unokufuna unyango ukuba ziyaphazamisa kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ukuba unenkxalabo unokuba nobunzima be-tic disorder, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokonyango.