I-Flu Shots yabantu abadala: Iindidi, iindleko, kunye nezizathu zokuyifumana

Umxholo

• Iindidi zemikhuhlane kubantu abadala
• Yeyiphi inketho efanelekileyo kuwe?
• Zithini iindleko zomkhuhlane?
• Kutheni le nto abantu abadala kufuneka bafumane umkhuhlane?
• Yise kude

Umkhuhlane sisifo esosulelayo sokuphefumla esinokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Kuyingozi ngakumbi ngelixa ubhubhane we-COVID-19 usesengumba.

Umkhuhlane ungabetha ngalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, nangona uqhushululu luthambeka ekwindla nasebusika. Abanye abantu abafumana umkhuhlane babuyele kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu.

Kubantu abadala ngokukodwa-abo baneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu- umkhuhlane unokubangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Yingakho kubalulekile kubantu abadala ukuba bafumane umkhuhlane wonyaka.

Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuhlaselwa ngumkhuhlane kubantu abadala, kubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizathu zokufumana enye.

Iindidi zemikhuhlane kubantu abadala

Umkhuhlane wexesha lokuvuthwa uvunyiwe kubantu abaninzi abaneminyaka engama-6 nangaphezulu. Isitofu sokugonya sinikwa ngenaliti, kodwa zikho ezinye iindlela. Nazi ezinye zeentlobo eziqhelekileyo zokubetha komkhuhlane:

• umkhuhlane wethamo eliphezulu
• Umkhuhlane oncedisayo
• Umkhuhlane we-intradermal shot
• isitofu sokutshiza ngeempumlo

Kubalulekile ukuba uqonde ukuba iifotsholo zomkhuhlane azilingani konke konke. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubethwa ngumkhuhlane, kwaye ezinye zichaze amaqela athile ubudala.

Ukuba umdala kwaye ucinga ngokufumana umkhuhlane kule sizini, amathuba okuba ugqirha wakho acebise umkhuhlane owenzelwe ngokukodwa abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, njengeyeza lokugonya elinomthamo omkhulu okanye iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane.

Olunye uhlobo lokugonya umkhuhlane kubantu abadala kubizwa ngokuba yiFluzone. Esi sisiyobisi sokugonya sedosi ephezulu. Isitofu sokugonya esikhuselayo sikhusela kwiintlobo ezintathu zentsholongwane: umkhuhlane A (H1N1), umkhuhlane A (H3N2), kunye nomkhuhlane we-B.

Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sisebenza ngokukhuthaza imveliso yee-antibodies emzimbeni wakho ezinokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Iantigens zizinto ezikhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezi ntsholongwane.

Isitofu sokugonya idosi ephezulu siyilelwe ukomeleza ukuphendula kwamajoni omzimba kubantu abadala abadala, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Uqukumbele ngelithi iyeza lokuthintela idosi ephezulu linokusebenza okuphezulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala nangaphezulu kunesitofu sedosi esemgangathweni.

Olunye ugonyo lomkhuhlane yiFLUAD, idosi esemgangathweni yethamo elilinganiselweyo elenziwa ngesixhasi. I-Adjuvant sesinye isithako esivelisa impendulo yomzimba yomelele. Yenzelwe ngokukodwa abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Yeyiphi inketho efanelekileyo kuwe?

Ukuba ufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane, unokuzibuza ukuba ngaba ukhetho olunye lubhetele kunezinye. Ugqirha wakho angakukhomba kulowo kuya kufuneka akusebenzele kakuhle.

Kwiminyaka ethile, isitshizi sempumlo asikhuthazwanga ngenxa yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa zombini ukudubula kunye nesitshizi sempumlo kuyacetyiswa ixesha lomkhuhlane ka-2020 ukuya ku-2021.

Ubukhulu becala, isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sikhuselekile. Kodwa kuya kufuneka ujonge nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uyifumane ukuba unayo le ilandelayo:

• iqanda lokungabikho komzimba
• ukungabikho komzimba kwi-mercury
• Isifo seGuillain-Barré (GBS)
• Impendulo embi ngaphambili kwisitofu sokugonya okanye kwizithako zaso
• umkhuhlane (linda de kube ngcono ngaphambi kokufumana umkhuhlane)

Akuqhelekanga ukufumana iimpawu ezinjenge-flu emva kokugonywa. Ezi mpawu zihlala zinyamalala emva kosuku olunye ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zokugonya zibandakanya ukudakumba nokuba bomvu kwindawo yenaliti.

Zithini iindleko zomkhuhlane?

Unokuba nexhala malunga neendleko zokufumana ugonyo lonyaka lomkhuhlane. Iindleko ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke apho uya khona nokuba unayo i-inshurensi. Kwezinye iimeko, unokukwazi ukufumana umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwentlawulo okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo kuluhlu lokugonya umkhuhlane kubantu abadala phakathi, ngokuxhomekeke kwisitofu sokugonya osifumanayo kunye neinshurensi yakho.

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokufumana umkhuhlane xa utyelele iofisi. Ezinye iikhemesti kunye nezibhedlele kwindawo yakho zinokubonelela ngogonyo. Unokuphanda neeklinikhi zomkhuhlane kumaziko oluntu okanye kumaziko aphezulu.

Qaphela ukuba abanye babanikezeli abaqhelekileyo njengezikolo kunye neendawo zokusebenzela abanakho ukubanika kulo nyaka ngenxa yokuvalwa ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19.

Sebenzisa iiwebhusayithi ezinje ngeNtsholongwane yokuFumana indawo ekufutshane nawe ezibonelela ngogonyo, kwaye unxibelelane nabo ukuthelekisa iindleko.

Ngokukhawuleza ukufumana isitofu, kungcono. Ngokomndilili, kungathatha iiveki ezi-2 ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ukukhusela umkhuhlane. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) acebisa ukuba ufumane umkhuhlane xa kuphela u-Okthobha.

Kutheni le nto abantu abadala kufuneka bafumane umkhuhlane?

Umkhuhlane wokudubula ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala ngenxa yokuba bahlala benamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Xa amajoni omzimba engomelelanga, kuba nzima ukuba umzimba ulwe nezifo. Ngokufanayo, amajoni omzimba abuthathaka angakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane.

Usulelo lwesibini olunokuthi lukhule ngomkhuhlane lubandakanya:

• usulelo lwendlebe
• usulelo lwesono
• inyumoniya
• ukukrala kwemiphunga

Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu basemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki ezinzulu. Ngapha koko, kuqikelelwa ukuba uninzi lokufa okunxulumene nomkhuhlane ngamaxesha athile kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu. Kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-70 zezibhedlele ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane zonyaka zenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Ukuba uyagula emva kokufumana ugonyo, ukubhuqwa ngumkhuhlane kunokubunciphisa ubunzima beempawu zokugula.

Ukuzikhusela kumkhuhlane kubaluleke ngakumbi ngelixa i-COVID-19 iyinto ebalulekileyo.

Yise kude

Umkhuhlane sisifo esosulelayo esibi kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Ukuze uzikhusele, cela ugqirha wakho malunga nokugonya idosi ephezulu yomkhuhlane. Ngokufanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka ufumane isitofu sokugonya ekuqaleni kwesizini, malunga noSeptemba okanye u-Okthobha.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba iintlobo zomkhuhlane ziyahluka unyaka nonyaka, ke zilungiselele ukuhlaziya ugonyo lwakho lonyaka olandelayo womkhuhlane.