Ityhefu yokutya

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zetyhefu yokutya
• Yintoni ebangela ityhefu ekutyeni?
• Iintsholongwane
• IiParasites
• Iintsholongwane
• Ukutya kungcoliseka njani?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wetyhefu yokutya?
• Ichongwa njani ityhefu yokutya?
• Iphathwa njani ityhefu yokutya?
• Ukutya
• Yintoni elungileyo yokutya xa unetyhefu yokutya?
• Yintoni embi ukutya xa unetyhefu yokutya?
• Imbonakalo
• Inokuthintelwa njani ityhefu yokutya?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni ityhefu yokutya?

Ukugula okubangelwa kukutya, okuqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yityhefu yokutya, sisiphumo sokutya ukutya okungcolileyo, okonakeleyo, okanye ukutya okunetyhefu. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zetyhefu yokutya zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo.

Nangona kungonwabisi kwaphela, ityhefu yokutya ayiqhelekanga. Ngokuka, i-1 kwaba-6 baseMelika bayakufumana ikhontrakthi yokutya minyaka le.

Iimpawu zetyhefu yokutya

Ukuba unokutya okunetyhefu, kunokwenzeka ukuba ayizukufunyanwa. Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthombo wosulelo. Ubungakanani bexesha elithathayo lokuba iimpawu zivele kwakhona kuxhomekeke kumthombo wosulelo, kodwa inokubakho ukusuka kwiyure nje enye ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-28. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zetyhefu yokutya ziya kubandakanya ubuncinci ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• isisu esiswini
• urhudo
• ukugabha
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• umkhuhlane omncinci
• ubuthathaka
• isicaphucaphu
• intloko ebuhlungu

Iimpawu zokubeka ubomi esichengeni sokutya okunetyhefu zibandakanya:

• urhudo luyaqhubeka ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu
• ifiva ephezulu kune-101.5 ° F
• kunzima ukubona okanye ukuthetha
• Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla emzimbeni, ezinokubandakanya umlomo owomileyo, ukugqithisa kancinci ungabikho mchameni, kunye nobunzima bokugcina ulwelo phantsi
• umchamo wegazi

Ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kufuneka unxibelelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni ebangela ityhefu ekutyeni?

Uninzi lwetyhefu yokutya lunokulandelwa kwesinye sezizathu ezintathu zilandelayo:

Iintsholongwane

Intsholongwane yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokutya ukutya. Xa ucinga ngeentsholongwane eziyingozi, amagama anje E. coli, IListeria, kwaye Salmonellakhumbula engqondweni ngesizathu esivakalayo. I-Salmonella ngoyena mntu ungoyena mntu unobangela weetyhefu zokutya eMelika. Ngokuka, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngamatyala ayi-1 000 000 eetyhefu zokutya, kubandakanya nokubekwa esibhedlele phantse ngama-20 000, kunokulandelwa kusulelo lwe-salmonella ngonyaka. Ubunjani benkampu kwaye C. ibhotulinum ( botulism) zimbini ezaziwa kancinci kwaye zinokubulala iintsholongwane ezinokuhlala ekutyeni kwethu.

IiParasites

Ityhefu ekutyeni ebangelwa zizifunxi-gazi ayiqhelekanga njengokutyhefa kokutya okubangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa izidleleli ezisasazeka ngokutya zisayingozi kakhulu. ToxoplasmaIsidudu sibonwa qho xa kutyiwe ukutya. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kwiibhokisi zokungcola ikati. IiParasites zinokuhlala kwindawo yakho yokugaya ingafunyanwa kangangeminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo basemngciphekweni wokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbi ukuba iiparasites zihlala emathunjini abo.

Iintsholongwane

Ityhefu ekutyeni nayo inokubangelwa yintsholongwane. I-norovirus, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Norwalk virus, ibangela ngaphezulu kwetyhefu yokutya minyaka le. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, inokubulala. I-Sapovirus, i-rotavirus, kunye ne-astrovirus zizisa iimpawu ezifanayo, kodwa aziqhelekanga. Intsholongwane yeHepatitis A yimeko enzima enokudluliselwa ngokutya.

Ukutya kungcoliseka njani?

Iintsholongwane zinokufumaneka phantse kuko konke ukutya okutyiwa ngabantu. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu ekuphekeni buhlala bubulala amagciwane ekutyeni ngaphambi kokuba kufike kwipleyiti yethu. Ukutya okutyiwa kukrwada yimithombo eqhelekileyo yetyhefu yokutya kuba kungagqitywa kwinkqubo yokupheka.

Ngamaxesha athile, ukutya kuya kudibana nezinto eziphilayo kumcimbi welindle. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu xa umntu elungisa ukutya engazihlambi izandla zakhe phambi kokuba apheke.

Inyama, amaqanda, kunye neemveliso zobisi zihlala zingcolisiwe. Amanzi anokungcoliswa zizinto ezibangela ukugula.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wetyhefu yokutya?

Nabani na unokwehla nokutya okunetyhefu. Ukuthetha ngokweenkcukacha-manani, phantse wonke umntu uza kuhla netyhefu yokutya ubuncinci kube kanye ebomini babo.

Kukho abantu abasengozini ngakumbi kunabanye. Nabani na omzimba oxinzelelweyo okanye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba sinokuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki ezibangelwa kukutyhefa kokutya.

Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo basemngciphekweni omkhulu kuba imizimba yabo ijongana notshintsho kwimetabolism nakwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Abantu abakhulileyo bajongene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana ityhefu yokutya kuba amajoni abo omzimba akanako ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kwizinto ezosulelayo. Abantwana bathathwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ngenxa yokuba amajoni omzimba wabo engaphuhliswanga njengabantu abadala. Abantwana abancinci bachaphazeleka ngokulula kukungabikho kwamanzi emzimbeni xa begabha kunye norhudo.

Ichongwa njani ityhefu yokutya?

Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukufumanisa uhlobo lwetyhefu yokutya esekwe kwiimpawu zakho. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuvavanywa kwegazi, ukuvavanywa kwesitulo, kunye nokuvavanywa kokutya okutyileyo kunokuqhutywa ukumisela ukuba yintoni enoxanduva lokutyhefa kokutya. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa uvavanyo lomchamo ukuvavanya ukuba ngaba umntu uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yetyhefu yokutya.

Iphathwa njani ityhefu yokutya?

Ityhefu ekutyeni ihlala inyangwa ekhaya, kwaye iimeko ezininzi ziya kusombululwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu.

Ukuba unokutya okunetyhefu, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unamanzi afanelekileyo. Iziphuzo zemidlalo eziphezulu kwii-electrolyte zinokuba luncedo koku. Ijusi yeziqhamo kunye namanzi ecoconut angabuyisa iicarbohydrate kwaye ancede ngokudinwa.

Gwema icaffeine, enokucaphukisa ukutya. Iitayi ezinamanzi amdaka ezinamayeza athambisayo anjenge-chamomile, i-peppermint, kunye ne-dandelion zinokuzolisa isisu esibuhlungu. Funda ngamayeza angakumbi esiswini esidakumbileyo.

Amayeza e-counter-counter njenge-Imodium kunye nePepto-Bismol anokunceda ukulawula isifo sohudo kunye nokunciphisa isicaphucaphu. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ujonge nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa la mayeza, njengoko umzimba usebenzisa ukugabha kunye norhudo ukukhupha inkqubo yetyhefu. Kwakhona, ukusebenzisa la mayeza kunokubufihla ubuzaza besigulo kwaye kukwenze ulibazise ukufuna unyango lweengcali.

Kubalulekile ukuba abo banetyhefu yokutya bafumane ukuphumla okuninzi.

Kwiimeko ezimandundu zetyhefu yokutya, abantu banokufuna ukufuthwa ngamanzi ane-intravenous (IV) esibhedlele. Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu zetyhefu yokutya, ukugcinwa esibhedlele ixesha elide kunokufuneka ngelixa umntu echacha.

Ukutya

Yintoni elungileyo yokutya xa unetyhefu yokutya?

Kungcono ukubamba ngokuthe ngcembe ukutya okuqinileyo de kugabhe kunye norhudo sele kudlulile kwaye endaweni yoko unciphise ukutya okuqhelekileyo ngokutya ukutya okulula ukwetyisa okunamafutha kunye namafutha asezantsi, anje ngala:

• Abaqhekezi beetyuwa
• gelatin
• iibhanana
• irayisi
• oatmeal
• umhluzi wenkukhu
• iitapile ezingcolileyo
• imifuno ebilisiweyo
• Ukuthambisa
• isoda ngaphandle kwecaffeine (ijinja ale, ingcambu ibhiya)
• ijusi yeziqhamo exutywe
• iziselo zemidlalo

Yintoni embi ukutya xa unetyhefu yokutya?

Ukuthintela isisu sakho ekucaphukeni ngakumbi, zama ukunqanda ukutya okunzima ukugaya oku kulandelayo, nokuba ucinga ukuba uzive ungcono:

• iimveliso zobisi, ngakumbi ubisi kunye neentshizi
• ukutya okunamafutha
• ukutya okunongwe kakhulu
• ukutya okuneswekile eninzi
• ukutya okuneziqholo
• ukutya okuthosiweyo

Kuya kufuneka uphephe:

• icaffeine (isoda, iziselo zamandla, ikofu)
• utywala
• inikotini

Imbonakalo

Ngelixa ukutya ityhefu ekutyeni kungonwabisi, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantu luchacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-48. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokutya emva kwetyhefu yokutya.

Ityhefu yokutya isongela ubomi, nangona kunjalo iCDC ithi oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Inokuthintelwa njani ityhefu yokutya?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ityhefu ekutyeni kukusingatha ukutya ngendlela ekhuselekileyo kunye nokuphepha nakuphi na ukutya okungakhuselekanga.

Okunye ukutya kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubangele ityhefu ekutyeni ngenxa yendlela eveliswe kwaye yalungiswa ngayo. Inyama, iinkukhu, amaqanda, kunye neentlanzi ezinokuthi zihlale zinezinto ezosulelayo ezibulawa ngexesha lokupheka. Ukuba oku kutya kutyiwa ngendlela eluhlaza, akuphekwanga kakuhle, okanye ukuba izandla kunye nomphezulu awucocwanga emva koqhakamshelwano, ukutya okunetyhefu kunokwenzeka.

Okunye ukutya okunokubangela ityhefu yokutya kubandakanya:

• i-sushi kunye nezinye iimveliso zentlanzi ezinikezelwa ziluhlaza okanye zingaphekwanga
• Dlulisa inyama kunye nezinja ezishushu ezingafudunyezwanga okanye ezingaphekwanga
• inyama yenkomo yomhlaba, enokuqulatha inyama yezilwanyana ezininzi
• ubisi olungafakwanga ubisi, itshizi, kunye nejusi
• iziqhamo nemifuno eluhlaza

Ngalo lonke ixesha hlamba izandla zakho phambi kokuba upheke okanye utye ukutya. Qinisekisa ukuba ukutya kwakho kutywinwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kugcinwa. Yipheke ngokucocekileyo inyama namaqanda. Nantoni na edibana neemveliso eziluhlaza kufuneka icocwe ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa ukulungiselela okunye ukutya. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlala uhlamba iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ngaphambi kokuphaka.